The Engineering Projects

DC Motor Direction Control using Arduino

Hello friends! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to share my knowledge with all of you about how to make a simple program for DC Motor Direction Control using Arduino. The word DC is basically an abbreviation of Direct current. So, a direct current motor is commonly used motor having two input terminals, one is positive and the other one is negative. If we connect these terminals with the voltage supply the motor will rotate. If you change the polarity then motor will rotate in opposite direction. You should also have a look at Difference between DC & AC Motors to get a better idea about these motors. DC motor has a lot of applications. You can use it in automation projects, for controlling static as well as mobile robots, in transport system, in pumps,fans,bowers and for industrial use as well. In this tutorial, I will do the DC Motor Direction Control using Arduino and L298 motor controller. Moreover, I have also used LCD which will give us the status of our DC Motor i.e. whether its moving in clockwise direction or anticlockwise. In my later tutorial I will control the same DC motor using NI LabVIEW 2015 and MATLAB. I have added the next tutorial on this project in which I have done the DC Motor Direction Control in MATLAB so in that project, I have used the same hardware but instead of controlling it from Arduino I have controled it using MATLAB so you must have a look at that tutorial.

DC Motor Direction Control using Arduino

In this tutorial, I will make a simple program to do the DC Motor Direction Control using Arduino. Arduino is basically an amazing micro controller and is very easy to use because it is an open source device. So, it is a student friendly device. You can also write Arduino programs for different purpose. Arduino is also a cost efficient device in comparison to the other micro-controllers e.g. raspberyy pi, NI-myRIO, galileo, single board RIO etc. First of all I prepared my complete hardware setup. Then I made a program and interfaced it with the hardware. We will discuss all the steps in detail below. The logic is pretty simple i.e. Arduino has to send commands to L298 motor controller and then L298 decides the DC Motor Direction Control by manipulating the Arduino commands. Before going into the detail, I want to show you the list of components required. You can download complete Arduino source file here:

Download Arduino Source Code Note: If you are working on DC Motor then you should also have a look at these Proteus Simulations:

• Speed Control of DC Motor using PIC Microcontroller.
• DC Motor Speed Control using Arduino in Proteus ISIS.
• Direction Control of DC Motor with Arduino in Proteus ISIS.
• DC Motor Drive Circuit in Proteus ISIS.

Components List & Description

Here's the complete list of the components required for designing DC Motor Direction Control using Arduino:

• Arduino UNO
• L298 motor controller
• DC motor
• Voltage regulator 7805
• Jumper wires
• 1kO resistor
• 1000µF capacitor
• 12V power supply
• LED
• Soldering iron
• Soldering wire
• 20×4 LCD

So, now let's discuss the main components for this project individually so that you get better idea of why these components are used in this DC Motor Direction Control using Arduino:

Arduino UNO

Arduino UNO is basically the back bone of this DC Motor Direction Control Project. It controls and leads the whole project. In this project, Arduino reads the commends from serial port and sends to L298 motor controller IC in order to control the direction of rotation of the DC motor. So, the Arduino has overall major control over the whole project.

Motor Controller L298

Motor Controller is used to control the direction of DC motor. It consists of an L298 motor driver IC which is capable of rotating the motor in both clockwise and anti clockwise directions by switching its pins from HIGH to LOW and vise versa. Moreover, it needs +12V, GND and +5V in order to power it up. So, we will design a voltage regulator which will step down 12V to 5V. So, let's have a look at this voltage driver in next part:  

Voltage Regulator

Voltage regulator is also the part of this design. In our daily life, we need to step up or to step down the voltages according to the requirements. Requirements vary with the different purpose. Small electronics components like micro-controller, LED, LCD etc. So the main purpose of voltage regulator is to step down the voltage from 12V to just 5V in order to fulfill the requirements of the electronic components. Step down transformer can also be used instead of voltage regulator. Due to the huge structure and cost we prefer to use voltage regulator. You should read How to Design a 5V Power Supply in Proteus to get better idea about this voltage regulator. The circuit diagram of the designed voltage regulator is shown in the figure below.

DC Motor

DC motor is the essential part of the different projects and our daily life. for example if we want to automate our house doors i.e if we want to open and close the doors automatically by detecting the person, motor plays a vital role here. Similarly in robotics, vacuum, blowers and air conditioners, DC motor has a wide range of applications. LED is used here to show whether the designed circuit is working properly or not. Like in mobile phones and laptops as we connect the charger it shows the charging indication. So, we must need some indication that everything is going fine and the circuit is working properly.

Jumper Wires

Jumper wires are used to make the connections between all of the components. Use small pieces of the jumper wires in order to give a better look to the designed circuit. If you are using longer wires for the connections, it will create complexity and causes many problems while operating the circuits.

Power Supply

12V power supply is used as the main power supply. As we know, to operate any of the electronic components or electronic appliances we must need the main power supply. Power supply can vary according to the power consumption of the electronic equipment. Here I am using a 12V DC power supply because it is a small and simple project with minimum power requirements.

LCD 20x4

LCD is used to visualize the commands sent to the serial port. It basially display us that which function is being performed at a particular time. A 20×4 LCD is used and is shown in the figure below. If you haven't worked on LCD before, then you should have a look at Circuit Designing of LCD with Arduino in Proteus ISIS.

Assembling of the Components

Here are the few steps followed while designing this DC Motor Direction Control using arduino:

• Connect the terminals of the DC motor with the output pins (OUT1 and OUT2) of L298 motor controller.
• Connect L298 motor controller's pin IN1 and IN2 with the Arduino UNO's pin 2 and 5 respectively.
• Now, connect ENA pin of L298 motor controller to the Arduino's pin 9.
• Connect the power supply to turn on the circuit.
• Make sure that you have supplied 12V, 5V and GND properly to the L298 motor controller.  

Circuit Diagram

Completely Assembled Diagram

Arduino Code Designing

After making all the connections properly, open your Arduino source code. If you are using Arduino for the first time then you should have a look at Installation of Arduino Driver in Windows.

• Attach the Arduino board with your PC and go to Search->Device Manager as shown in the figure below.

• Select the device manger and you can see different options here like Batteries, bluetooth radios, keyboards, monitors, ports etc.
• Open the Ports(COM & LPT) as shown in the figure below.
• See the COM Port supported by Arduino Board which COM5 in this case.

• Now open the Arduino software and go to Tools and select the Arduino board and the COM port properly.
• The description is shown in the figure given below.

• Just copy and paste the source code given below.

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
//Keyboard Controls:
//
// C - Clockwise
// S - Stop
// A - Anti-clockwise

// Declare L298N Controller pins
// Motor 1
int dir1PinA = 2;
int dir2PinA = 5;
int speedPinA = 7; // PWM control
LiquidCrystal lcd(8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13);

void setup() { 
 
Serial.begin(9600); // baud rate

lcd.begin(20, 4);
lcd.setCursor(5,0);
lcd.print("DC Motor");
lcd.setCursor(5,1);
lcd.print("Direction");
lcd.setCursor(5,2);
lcd.print("Control");
lcd.setCursor(2,3);
lcd.print("via Arduino UNO");
//Define L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Controller Pins

pinMode(dir1PinA,OUTPUT);
pinMode(dir2PinA,OUTPUT);
pinMode(speedPinA,OUTPUT);

}

void loop() {

// Initialize the Serial interface:

if (Serial.available() > 0) {
int inByte = Serial.read();
int speed; // Local variable

switch (inByte) {

case 'C': // Clockwise rotation
analogWrite(speedPinA, 255);//Sets speed variable via PWM 
digitalWrite(dir1PinA, LOW);
digitalWrite(dir2PinA, HIGH);
Serial.println("Clockwise rotation"); // Prints out “Motor 1 Forward” on the serial monitor
Serial.println("   "); // Creates a blank line printed on the serial monitor
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Clockwise rotation");
break;

case 'S': // No rotation
analogWrite(speedPinA, 0); // 0 PWM (Speed)
digitalWrite(dir1PinA, LOW);
digitalWrite(dir2PinA, LOW);
Serial.println("No rotation");
Serial.println("   ");
//lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(5,1);
lcd.print("No rotation");
break;

case 'A': // Anti-clockwise rotation
analogWrite(speedPinA, 255); // Maximum PWM (speed)
digitalWrite(dir1PinA, HIGH);
digitalWrite(dir2PinA, LOW);
Serial.println("Anti-clockwise rotation");
Serial.println("   ");
//lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(3,2);
lcd.print("Anti-clockwise");
break;

default:
// Turn off the motor if any other key is being pressed
for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 11; thisPin++) {
digitalWrite(thisPin, LOW);
}
Serial.println("Wrong key is pressed");
//lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,3);
lcd.print("Wrong key is pressed");
  }
    }
      }

• Now, upload the source code onto the Arduino UNO board as shown below.

• In the above figure shows that the source code is uploading to the Arduino board.

   

• Done uploading shows that the source code has been uploaded successfully to the Arduino borad.
• Now, go to the Serial Monitor on the top right corner of the Arduino software.
• Press C, you can see the DC motor is rotating in the clockwise direction and statement Clockwise rotation will be printed on the Serial Monitor.
• Now, press S, the DC motor will stop and a statement No rotation will be print on the Serial Monitor.
• If you want to rotate DC motor in anti-clockwise direction, press A then, the statement Anti-Clockwise rotation will be printed on the Serial Monitor.
• I have made the logic in such a way that if you press any of the other buttons the DC motor will stop in reaction to that and the statement Wrong key is pressed will be printed on the Serial Monitor.
• All of the above steps are shown in the figure shown below.

   

Final Testing of DC Motor Direction Control using Arduino

• The screenshot of the actual circuitry for DC Motor Direction Control using Arduino is shown in the below figure:

• You can see in the above figure that we have attached Arduino UNO board with L298 Motor Driver and then we have attached DC Motor with Arduino UNO and LCD is used to show the current movement of Motor.
• Moreover we have also designed a small circuit which I have mentioned above and named as Voltage regulator, and it is used to step down 12V into 5V.

So, that's all from the tutorial DC motor Direction Control using Arduino. I hope you enjoyed this tutorial. In my next tutorials, I will interface this project with LabView and MATLAB. If you face any sort of problem, you can freely ask me anytime without feeling any kind of hesitation. So, will see you guys in next tutorial. Till then Take  care :)

Interfacing of Arduino with GLCD

Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great and having fun with your lives. In today's tutorial, I am going to share How to interface Arduino with GLCD. I am gonna design a Proteus Simulation in which I will interface Arduino GLCD together. GLCD is also called Graphical LCD so today we are gonna do some designing on the LCD. The GLCD I am going to use is ks0108 and its model in Proteus is LGM12641BS1R and I have shared the complete Simulation along with Arduino Code below for download. But I would suggest you to design it on your own so that you could get the most out of it. If you haven't worked on the LCD before then I would suggest you to read How to Interface Simple LCD with Arduino. Moreover, I am quite happy to announce that we have started TEP Forum so if you guys have any questions related to your engineering projects then ask in our forum and we will try our best to resolve your issues. Anyways, let's get back to our today's tutorial and interface Arduino GLCD in Proteus ISIS.

Interfacing of Arduino with GLCD

• First of all, you can download the Proteus Simulation and Arduino Code for Interfacing of Arduino with GLCD, by clicking the below button:

Download Code & Simulation

• Now let's design it so that you can understand how this is working.
• So, first of all design a Proteus Simulation for Interfacing of Arduino with GLCD, as shown in below figure:

Note: Proteus doesn't have Arduino in its database so you need to install this Arduino Library for Proteus if you wanna use Arduino in Proteus.

• Now upload the below Arduino code in your Arduino Software and Get your Arduino Hex File, which we are gonna upload in our Proteus Arduino.
• Here's the Arduino Code for Interfacing of Arduino with GLCD:

Note:

• You also have to install the GLCD Library for Arduino, I have added this library in the above package so when you download it first of all install this library in Arduino Software.

#include <glcd.h>
#include "fonts/allFonts.h"        
#include "bitmaps/allBitmaps.h"    

Image_t icon;

gText textArea;              
gText textAreaArray[3];     
gText countdownArea =  gText(GLCD.CenterX, GLCD.CenterY, 1, 1, Arial_14); 

unsigned long startMillis;
unsigned int  loops = 0;
unsigned int  iter = 0;
         int  theDelay = 20; 

void setup()
{
  GLCD.Init();
  if(GLCD.Height >= 64)   
    icon = ArduinoIcon64x64;  
  else
    icon = ArduinoIcon64x32;  

  GLCD.ClearScreen(); 

  GLCD.SelectFont(System5x7, BLACK); 
  GLCD.CursorTo(2, 2);
  GLCD.print("The Engineering");
  GLCD.CursorTo(5, 3);
  GLCD.print("Projects");
}


void  loop()
{  
  
}

• So, now if everything goes fine then when you run your Proteus Simulation of Arduino with GLCD, you will get results as shown in below figure:

• So, what we have done is we just printed our blog name on the GLCD using Arduino.
• Now, in the package you download I have also added another example which when you upload will give you a demo of GLCD.
• Here's the results of the second example, I have added some screenshots:

• So, that's how you can interface Arduino with GLCD and can design anything you want.
• It's really very easy but quite lengthy, I must tell.
• I have designed this video which will help you in better understanding:

So, that's all about Interfacing of Arduino with GLCD and I hope I have helped you guys in some ways. So, will meet you guys in the next tutorial. Till then take care and have fun !!! :)

How to use Arduino PWM Pins

Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great. In today's tutorial, I am going to show you How to use Arduino PWM Pins. It's the next tutorial in our new Arduino Tutorial for Beginners series. We will design a small code in which we will be controlling a dc motor's speed using the Arduino PWM Pins but before going into the details, let me first give you an introduction to Arduino PWM Pins because without understanding the PWM, which is the abbreviation of Pulse Width Modulation, you won't be able to understand How to use Arduino PWM Pins. In our previous tutorial, we have seen How to use analogWrite in Arduino and I have told you in that tutorial that we use this command for PWM as well. So, today we will have a look at How to do that. PWM is an abbreviation of Pulse Width Modulation, its a simple technique in which we just modulate the width of a pulse to get our required results. Suppose, we have a 12V DC signal but my requirement is to get the 6V instetad of 12V so here what I need is PWM. I will use PWM on 12V signal and then reduce it to 6V. Another important thing related to PWM is duty cycle. Duty Cycle is the percentage for which the pulse remains HIGH. For example, if the pulse is of 12V and you turn it into 6V using PWM then the duty cycle of PWM is 50%. I have posted many tutorials on PWM for example you should have a look at How to Generate PWM in 8051 Microcontroller. In this tutorial, I have explained in detail about PWM signal. Moreover, you can also have a look at DC Motor Speed Control using Arduino in which I have controlled the speed of DC Motor with LDR Sensor. Anyways, let's get back to How to use Arduino PWM Pins:

How to use Arduino PWM Pins ???

• You can download the complete simulation along with its Arduino code for Arduino PWM by clicking the below button:

Download Simulation & Cod

• First of alll, we should know which pins of Arduino can be used for PWM purposes.
• So, if you have a look at the below figure, its an Arduino UNO and all the pins of Arduino UNO which has this sign "~" in front of them are PWM pins.

• If you have a look at the above Arduino UNO image then you can see that "~" this sign is placed in front of six pins.
• So, Arduino UNO PWM Pins are:
• Pin # 3
• Pin # 5
• Pin # 6
• Pin # 9
• Pin # 10
• Pin # 11
• Using these PWM Pins, you can create the PWM pulse which we are gonna do rite now. :)
• So, design a simulation in Proteus as shown in the below figure:

• As you can see in the above figure that I have used LDR Sensor with Arduino UNO and I have plotted the PWM output coming from Arduino UNO on the oscilloscope.
• For PWM output the command used in Arduino is:

analogWrite(PWM_Pin, PWM_Value);

• As, you can see its just an analog Write command and using it you can write any value to the PWM Pin ranging from 0 to 255.
• At 0 the duty cycle of PWM will be 0% and at 255 it will be 100%.
• So, what I did in the above example is I just take the analog value coming from LDR and then transferred it to PWM Pin of Arduino UNO.
• So, now upload the below code in your Arduino board:

int PWMControl= 6;
int PWM_Input = A0;

int PWM_Value = 0;

void setup() {
    pinMode(PWMControl, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(PWM_Input, INPUT);
    Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() 
{
    PWM_Value = analogRead(PWM_Input);
    PWM_Value = map(PWM_Value, 0, 1023, 0, 255);
    analogWrite(PWMControl, PWM_Value);
}

• So, now Get your Arduino Hex File and upload it in your Proteus software.
• You will also need to download Arduino Library for Proteus, if you wanna use this Arduino UNO in Proteus.
• Now, if everything goes fine then you will get results as shown in below figure:

• Now you can see in the above figure that I have shown the PWM pulse in the oscilloscope and now when you change the LDR value then this pulse's PWM will also change.
• You can download the complete simulation with Arduino code by clicking the button above.
• If you have any problems or issues in this Arduino PWM tutorial then let me know in comments.

I hope you have enjoyed today's post on Arduino PWM Pins and I would suggest you to have a look at DC Motor Speed Control using Arduino, it will help you a lot in understanding the basic concept of Arduino PWM. So, that's all about Arduino PWM, will see you guys in the next tutorial. Till then take care and have fun !!! :)

Arduino Tutorial for Beginners

Hello friends, I hope you all are fine and having fun with your lives. Today, I am going to share a complete Arduino Tutorial for Beginners because I was having a lot of requests about it. Reader were asking the same question that they are new to Arduino and how should they start so if you are beginner to Arduino and you don't have any idea How to learn it then you should read the below tutorials. I have posted all the basic Arduino Tutorial for Beginners already so in today's tutorial I am just gonna arrange them and must ask you to read them one by one from top to bottom and at then end you will really be able to design any kind of project on Arduino. So, let's get started with Arduino Tutorial for Beginners:

Arduino Tutorial for Beginners

Before going into the practical Arduino Programming, you must first read some theoretical knowledge about Arduino which will really help you out in your Arduino Projects. So these are the basic Arduino tutorial which I will post here step by step: What is Arduino ? First of all, you should read this tutorial in which I have given the basic introduction of Arduino. This tutorial is essential one, if you are new to Arduino. Arduino Vs Raspberry Pi Next thing you should read is Arduino Vs Raspberry Pi,  its not that important but its always good to have a look at alternatives. Installation of Arduino Driver in Windows Now, I suppose that you know the basics of Arduino and have got your Arduino UNO in your hand and are ready to install Arduino Drivers in your Windows. Arduino Library for Proteus Next thing you need to read is How to use Arduino Library for Proteus. Using this library you can easily simulate your Arduino boards in Proteus software. Getting Started with Arduino Software Now you have the basic idea of Arduino board and you know How to use it in Proteus, the next thing you need to do is to have some understanding about Arduino software.

Basic Arduino Commands

Now, that you have understood the basics of Arduino and its programming so now let's have a look at some Basic Arduino Commands and I would suggest you to test these commands in Proteus on your own so that you do mistakes and get some knowledge from them. Anyways, let's continue with these Basic Arduino Commands: Getting Started with Arduino Programming After having a look at the Arduino software, next thing you need to do is to read about Getting Started with Arduino Programming. Arduino Data Types Then we have a tutorial at Arduino Data Types in which we have explained in detail all the Data Types of Arduino. How to use pinMode in Arduino How to use pinMode in Arduino is the next tutorial which you must read so that you have an idea about how to make pins input or output. How to use DigitalRead in Arduino How to use DigitalRead in Arduino is the next tutorial which you must read so that you have an idea about how to use the digital Pins of Arduino. How to use DigitalWrite in Arduino How to use DigitalWrite in Arduino is the next tutorial which you must read so that you have an idea about how to use the digital Pins of Arduino. How to use AnalogRead in Arduino How to use AnalogRead in Arduino is the next tutorial and I have explained here how to read the status of analog Pins. How to use AnalogWrite in Arduino Analog Write is used to update the status of analog Pins as well as PWM Pins. Here we will discuss this command and in next tutorial we will have a look at PWM Pins. How to use Arduino PWM Pins How to use DigitalRead in Arduino is the next tutorial which you must read so that you have an idea about how to use the digital Pins of Arduino. A Simple Arduino LED Example First of all, you should have a look at A Simple Arduino LED Example in which I have designed a simple example in Proteus and blinked the LED at Pin # 13 of Arduino. How to write Arduino code Next article you should have a look at is How to write Arduino code, in this tutorial I have explained how to write arduino code efficiently.

• Now that you have the idea of basic Arduino programming so now let's move a little further and have a look at How to do Arduino Serial Communication. I have posted a lot of Arduino Serial Tutorial and I would suggest you to read them one by one. Here are all the links of Arduino Serial Tutorials:
  • How to use Arduino Serial Read ?
  • How to use Arduino Serial Write ?
  • How to use Arduino Serial Monitor ?
  • How to use Arduino Serial Flush ?
  • How to use Arduino Software Serial ?

• Next have a look at How to reset Arduino Programmatically, its just a trick which comes quite handy when you work on Arduino Projects.

At the end, I would suggest you to have a look at this list of Arduino Projects in which I have given all the Arduino Projects which are posted on our blog, so once you get trained in Arduino then you can try those projects and can get pro in Arduino.  

Arduino Data Types

Hello everyone, I hope you all are fine and having fun with your lives. In today's post, I am going to share all about Arduino Data Types. Arduino Data Types play an important role in Arduino Programming and I have discussed them a little in my tutorial on How to do Arduino Programming. But today, we are gonna discuss it in more detail. I hope you guys are gonna enjoy from them and are gonna get benefit using them. Before going any further I think you must have a llok at Arduino Basic Tutorials in which I have explained everything in a very easy way. Anyways, Till now I hopeo that you have the basic know how of Arduino Programming and you ahave also worked on Arduino LED Example. So, let's get started with Arduino Data Types:

What are Data Types ??

• If you recall your basic mathematics in which we have learned about sets like Whole Numbers, Natural Number, Prime Numbers etc.
• So, in simple words, Data Types are such sets, but Data Types are different on the nature of element storing in them.
• Data type is like a place, so when we initialize our variale then we tell our compiler that our newly introduced integer is of which type.
• Is it an integer or it has decimal as well in it or its some character like A, B, C etc.
• So, we have to tell our compiler the nature of our variable and that's where Data Types are required.
• So, that's a little Introduction of Data Types, now let's have a look at Arduino Data Types:

Arduino Data Types

• Arduino Data Types are almost similar to C++ Data Types because it roughly follows the same syntax.
• So, now I am gonna discuss the most commonly used Arduino Data Types one by one:

Int - Arduino Data Types

• Int is short form for Integer.
• This Arduino Data Types can store a data of 16 Bit.
• Int data ranges from -32,768 to 32767.
• In Arduino Programmer, Int variable in initialized in several ways, which are:

int Value = 0;

int Value;

int Value1, Value2, Value3;

• You should read Arduino LED Example or How to write Arduino code where I have used the Int variable.

Char - Arduino Data Types

• char is short for character.
• This Arduino Data Type has a memory of 8 Bit or 1 byte.
• Char Data Type saves charracters like A, B, C etc.
• If you are initializing a single character then it will be in single quotes like 'A'.
• But if you are dealing with character Array then it must be enclosed in doule brackets like this "ABCD".
• When we save any character then in actual the ascii code of that character is being saved.
• For example if you save a character '1', then its not integer 1 it is a character '1' and its ascii value is 49.
• So, in that variable the value saved is 49.
• All the Serial Communication is done using this char Data Type.
• You should read How to do Arduino Serial Communication in which I have used this char variable.

Boolean - Arduino Data Types

• Boolean data type is also used quite a lot in Arduino Programming.
• Boolean is also of 8 Bit just like char and it can be either True or False, that's why we call it Boolean.
• So, we can initialize a Boolean variable as:

boolean a;

Float - Arduino Data Types

• Float is another very important Arduino Data type.
• The unique thing of Float Data Type is that we can store decimal numbers in it.
• For example I want to save 2.51 then I have to use Float because this value can't be save in Int or Char.

The above mentioned Arduino Data Types are the most commonly used data types and I hope you got their details in today's tutorial. In the below figure, I have mentioned all details about Arduino Data Types: So, that's all about Arduino Data Types. In the coming tutorial I will share more about Arduino. So, take care and have fun !!! :)

How to write Arduino code ?

Hello everyone, I hope you all are fine and having fun. In today's tutorial, I am going to show you How to write Arduino code. In the previous tutorial, we have seen the Simple Arduino LED Example so if you haven't read that tutorial then I must suggest you to read it first because I am gonna use the same simulation with some advancements in it. Moreover, you should also have a look at How to do Arduino Serial Communication because we are also gonna use Serial Port in today's tutorial and one more tutorial which you must read is How to use digitalRead in Arduino because we are dealing with digital pins here. So, I hope that you have read those tutorial and are ready to learn How to write Arduino code. So, let's have a look at How to write Arduino Code:

How to write Arduino code ?

• In the previous tutorial named as Arduino LED Example, we have designed a simulation in which I have made some changes and added few buttons in it.
• This new modified simulation is shown in below figure:

• You can see in the above figure that I have connected LEDs with all the digital Pins and Logic State with all the analog pins and a Virtual Terminal is connected with Pin # 0 and 1 of Arduino.
• You can download the complete simulation with Proteus code for this tutorial How to write Arduino Code by clicking the below button:

Download Simulation & Code

Note:

• We can also use Analog Pins as digital and that's what we are gonna do in today's tutorial.
• So, that's why I have placed digital logic state which is actually acting as a button here.
• Moreover, if you haven't worked with Virtual Terminal then you should read How to use virtual Terminal in Proteus.

• If you have a look at the previous code then you must have remembered that it was quite lengthy and I have mentioned that we will make it efficient in the next tutorial.
• So, now let's make a small code in which we will blink these LEDs one by one.
• But before going any further, you must first read Getting Started with Arduino Programming so that you also know the basics of Arduino Programming structure.
• So, now I am going to make a small function which I will call in the Main loop function every time I need to blink the LED.
• So, that lengthy code is now gonna compress to small code and is given below:

// ===== It's the First Version ========

int Led1 = 13;
int Led2 = 12;
int Led3 = 11;
int Led4 = 10;
int Led5 =  9;
int Led6 =  8;
int Led7 =  7;
int Led8 =  6;
int Led9 =  5;
int Leda =  4;
int Ledb =  3;
int Ledc =  2;

int Led = 0;

void setup() 
{
    pinMode(Led1, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led2, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led3, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led4, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led5, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led6, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led7, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led8, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led9, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Leda, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Ledb, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Ledc, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() 
{
    LedBlinkFunction(1);   
    delay(1000);
    LedBlinkFunction(2);   
    delay(1000);
    LedBlinkFunction(3);   
    delay(1000);
    LedBlinkFunction(4);   
    delay(1000);
    LedBlinkFunction(5);   
    delay(1000);
    LedBlinkFunction(6);   
    delay(1000);
    LedBlinkFunction(7);   
    delay(1000);
    LedBlinkFunction(8);   
    delay(1000);
    LedBlinkFunction(9);   
    delay(1000);
    LedBlinkFunction(10);   
    delay(1000);
    LedBlinkFunction(11);   
    delay(1000);
    LedBlinkFunction(12);   
    delay(1000);
    LedsOFF();
    delay(1000);
}

void LedBlinkFunction(int LedNo)
{
    if(LedNo == 1){Led = Led1;}
    if(LedNo == 2){Led = Led2;}
    if(LedNo == 3){Led = Led3;}
    if(LedNo == 4){Led = Led4;}
    if(LedNo == 5){Led = Led5;}
    if(LedNo == 6){Led = Led6;}
    if(LedNo == 7){Led = Led7;}
    if(LedNo == 8){Led = Led8;}
    if(LedNo == 9){Led = Led9;}
    if(LedNo ==10){Led = Leda;}
    if(LedNo ==11){Led = Ledb;}
    if(LedNo ==12){Led = Ledc;}
   
    digitalWrite(Led, HIGH);
}

void LedsOFF()
{
    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW);   
}

• You can see the above code is totally different from the one we have used in Arduino LED Example.
• In the above code I have created two functions named as LedBlinkFunction(int LedNo) and LedsOFF().
• So, that way, I have made the code short as well as efficient.
• So, now add this code in your Arduino sofware and Get your Arduino Hex File.
• Upload this hex file in Proteus and if everything goes fine then you will get results as shown in below figure:

• The abovecode is quite small as compared to the previous one but let's make it more short and efficient.
• Now, I am gonna use the For Loop which I haven't used before and that way I don't need to call that function every time instead I will just call it in For Loop so let's have a look at the below code:

// ===== It's the Second Version ===========

int Led1 = 13;
int Led2 = 12;
int Led3 = 11;
int Led4 = 10;
int Led5 =  9;
int Led6 =  8;
int Led7 =  7;
int Led8 =  6;
int Led9 =  5;
int Leda =  4;
int Ledb =  3;
int Ledc =  2;

int Led = 0;

void setup() 
{
    pinMode(Led1, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led2, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led3, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led4, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led5, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led6, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led7, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led8, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led9, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Leda, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Ledb, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Ledc, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() 
{
    for(int x = 1; x < 13; x++)
    {
        LedBlinkFunction(x);   
        delay(1000);
    }
    
    LedsOFF();
    delay(1000);
}

void LedBlinkFunction(int LedNo)
{
    if(LedNo == 1){Led = Led1;}
    if(LedNo == 2){Led = Led2;}
    if(LedNo == 3){Led = Led3;}
    if(LedNo == 4){Led = Led4;}
    if(LedNo == 5){Led = Led5;}
    if(LedNo == 6){Led = Led6;}
    if(LedNo == 7){Led = Led7;}
    if(LedNo == 8){Led = Led8;}
    if(LedNo == 9){Led = Led9;}
    if(LedNo ==10){Led = Leda;}
    if(LedNo ==11){Led = Ledb;}
    if(LedNo ==12){Led = Ledc;}
   
    digitalWrite(Led, HIGH);
}

void LedsOFF()
{
    for(int x = 2; x < 13; x++)
    {
        digitalWrite(x, LOW);
    }  
}

• Now, you can see in the above code that I have used the For Loop in Main Loop function as well as in LedsOFF() Function.
• And you can see the code has become quite small and more understanding.
• The result of this code is exactly the same as the First Code.
• Now let's have a look at those switches, I will design another code in which I will add different LEDs routines on each button press.
• Like if you press the first button then it will start from top and if you press the second button then it will start from bottom and similar functions on other buttons.
• So, here's the code which you need to add in your Arduino:

int Led1 = 13;
int Led2 = 12;
int Led3 = 11;
int Led4 = 10;
int Led5 =  9;
int Led6 =  8;
int Led7 =  7;
int Led8 =  6;
int Led9 =  5;
int Leda =  4;
int Ledb =  3;
int Ledc =  2;

int Led = 0;

int Button1 = A0;
int Button2 = A1;
int Button3 = A2;
int Button4 = A3;
int Button5 = A4;
int Button6 = A5;

void setup() 
{
    Serial.begin(9600);
    pinMode(Led1, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led2, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led3, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led4, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led5, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led6, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led7, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led8, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led9, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Leda, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Ledb, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Ledc, OUTPUT);

    pinMode(Button1, INPUT_PULLUP);
    pinMode(Button2, INPUT_PULLUP);
    pinMode(Button3, INPUT_PULLUP);
    pinMode(Button4, INPUT_PULLUP);
    pinMode(Button5, INPUT_PULLUP);
    pinMode(Button6, INPUT_PULLUP);
}

void loop() 
{
    if(digitalRead(Button1) == HIGH)
    {
        for(int x = 1; x < 13; x++)
        {
            LedBlinkFunction(x);   
            delay(1000);
        }
        
        LedsOFF();
        delay(1000);
    }

    if(digitalRead(Button2) == HIGH)
    {
        for(int x = 13; x > 0; x--)
        {
            LedBlinkFunction(x);   
            delay(1000);
        }
        
        LedsOFF();
        delay(1000);
    }

    if(digitalRead(Button3) == HIGH)
    {
        LedsON();
        delay(1000);
        LedsOFF();
        delay(1000);
    }

    if(digitalRead(Button4) == HIGH)
    {
        Serial.print("www.TheEngineeringProjects.com");
        while(digitalRead(Button4) == HIGH);
    }

    if(digitalRead(Button5) == HIGH)
    {
        if(Serial.available())
        {
            char data = Serial.read();
            data = data - 49;
            digitalWrite(data, HIGH);
        }
    }

    if(digitalRead(Button5) == HIGH)
    {
        
    }
}

void LedBlinkFunction(int LedNo)
{
    if(LedNo == 1){Led = Led1;}
    if(LedNo == 2){Led = Led2;}
    if(LedNo == 3){Led = Led3;}
    if(LedNo == 4){Led = Led4;}
    if(LedNo == 5){Led = Led5;}
    if(LedNo == 6){Led = Led6;}
    if(LedNo == 7){Led = Led7;}
    if(LedNo == 8){Led = Led8;}
    if(LedNo == 9){Led = Led9;}
    if(LedNo ==10){Led = Leda;}
    if(LedNo ==11){Led = Ledb;}
    if(LedNo ==12){Led = Ledc;}
   
    digitalWrite(Led, HIGH);
}

void LedsOFF()
{
    for(int x = 2; x < 14; x++)
    {
        digitalWrite(x, LOW);
    }  
}

void LedsON()
{
    for(int x = 2; x < 14; x++)
    {
        digitalWrite(x, HIGH);
    }  
}

• Now when you upload the code, you will get the similar results but now you must press the buttons and you will see different functionalities of LEDs.
• The results are given in the below video:

I hope you have enjoyed How to write Arduino code and are gonna get help from it. That's all about How to write Arduino code. So, will meet you guys in the next tutorial. Take care and have fun !!! :)

A Simple Arduino LED Example in Proteus

Hello friends, I hope all are fine and having fun with your projects. We have covered enough Arduino commands in this Arduino Tutorial for Beginners series and now we are ready to create a simple project by interfacing an LED (Light Emitting Diode). Today, I am going to share a very Simple Arduino LED Example in Proteus ISIS. First I will blink single LED using Arduino UNO and then I will blink multiple LEDs in Proteus. When you start working on Arduino then Arduino LED example is the first example which you must try because its the easiest one. Moreover, we all know that we have a small LED connected to pin # 13 on each Arduino so you can also check your Arduino as well that whether its working or not. So, let's get started with Simple Arduino LED Example in Proteus ISIS:

A Simple Arduino LED Example in Proteus

• You can download, all the simulation files and codes for Arduino LED examples used in this tutorial, by clicking the below button:

Download Simulation Files

• First of all, design a simple circuit of Arduino LED in Proteus ISIS as shown in below figure:

• Now as you can see in the above figure that I have used an LED on Pin # 13 of Arduino UNO.
• So, now upload the below sketch in your Arduino, its the Blink Example from Arduino, which works perfect for this Arduino LED Example:

void setup() {
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);   // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
  delay(1000);              // wait for a second
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);    // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
  delay(1000);              // wait for a second
}

• The above code is quite simple and you can see first we have used the pinMode Arduino Command to make the LED pin Output.
• After that, we have used Arduino digitalWrite Command to blink the LED.
• Now get the hex file from Arduino software and add it in your Proteus Arduino board.
• Once the hex file is uploaded in the Arduino then run your Arduino LED Proteus Simulation and if everything goes fine then your LED will start blinking as shown in below figure:

• Now you can see in the above figure that our LED at Pin # 13 started blinking.
• If you read the above code of Arduino LED exmaple then its quite simple, first of all I just make the Pin # 13 output and then I have made it HIGH and LOW with a delay of 1000 msec.
• You might wanna read How to use digitalRead in Arduino that will give you a better idea of How to deal with any digital pin.
• So, now let's add more LEDs on other digital Pins of Arduino.
• So, design a simulation as shown in the below figure:

• Now compile the below code in your Arduino software and Get your Arduino Hex file:

int Led1 = 13;
int Led2 = 12;
int Led3 = 11;
int Led4 = 10;
int Led5 =  9;
int Led6 =  8;
int Led7 =  7;
int Led8 =  6;
int Led9 =  5;
int Leda =  4;
int Ledb =  3;
int Ledc =  2;

void setup() 
{
    pinMode(Led1, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led2, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led3, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led4, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led5, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led6, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led7, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led8, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Led9, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Leda, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Ledb, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(Ledc, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() 
{
    digitalWrite(Led1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW);    
    delay(1000);

    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW); 
    delay(1000);

    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW); 
    delay(1000);

    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW); 
    delay(1000);

    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW); 
    delay(1000);

    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW); 
    delay(1000);

    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW); 
    delay(1000);

    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW); 
    delay(1000);

    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW); 
    delay(1000);

    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW); 
    delay(1000);

    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(Ledc,  LOW); 
    delay(1000);

    digitalWrite(Led1,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led2,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led3,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led4,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led5,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led6,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led7,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led8,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Led9,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Leda,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledb,  LOW);
    digitalWrite(Ledc, HIGH); 
    delay(1000);
}

• Upload this hex file in your Proteus Arduino and then run your simulation.
• If everything goes fine then you will get all your LEDs blinking.
• I have shown a glimpse of its working in below figure:

• So, download the files and run your simulation and test it out.
• If you check the code then it seems quite lengthy but its very simple.
• I am just keeping one LED on and others OFF.
• Now, let me tell you one thing, this is not the best way of coding but for starters you should first try it out.
• In the coming lecture, I will teach you How to write Arduino Code Efficiently like I don't wanna add 100 lines just for such small work.

So, that's all for today. I hope you have enjoyed today's Arduino LED Example and are gonna test it. So, see you in next tutorial. Take care !!! :)

Flex Sensor Library for Proteus

Hello friends,I hope you all are fine and having fun with your lives. In today's tutorial, I am going to share a new Proteus Library named as Flex Sensor Library for Proteus. I am quite excited while sharing this one because we are the first one to design this library and share it online. Although, I wanna add one thing here that most of the flex sensors are analog sensors and their resistance changes over bending and believe me I have tried my best to design an analog sensor but despite the efforts we couldn't so I am sharing a digital version of Flex Sensor. So, its not gonna detect how much its bent but it will detect whether its up or bent. So, I thought to share it with you guys. It's better to have something than nothing. You should also have a look at Analog Flex Sensor Library for Proteus, which we have designed finally. :) Although our team is still working on it and we hope to make it analog soon. Let me know your suggestions in the comments and if someone can help us in making it analog then it will be really great.Other bloggers are welcome to share this new with their reader but do mention our link. It will be a great favor to us. So, let's get started with Flex Sensor Library for Proteus: Note: Other Proteus Libraries are as follows:

• Arduino Library for Proteus.
• Genuino Library for Proteus.
• GPS Library for Proteus.
• XBee Library for Proteus.
• Ultrasonic Sensor Library for Proteus.
• PIR Library for Proteus.
• Bluetooth Library for Proteus.
• Flame Sensor Library for Proteus.

Flex Sensor Library for Proteus

• First of all, click the below button and download this Flex Sensor Library for Proteus:

Flex Sensor Library for Proteus

• Open this rar file and you will get three file in it named as:
• FlexSensorTEP.IDX
• FlexSensorTEP.LIB
• FlexSensorTEP.HEX
• Now add these three files in the Library folder of your Proteus software.

Note:

• If you are using Proteus 7 Professional, then the library folder link will be something like this: C:Program Files (x86)Labcenter ElectronicsProteus 7 ProfessionalLIBRARY
• If you are using Proteus 8 Professional, then the library folder link will be something like this: C:ProgramDataLabcenter ElectronicsProteus 8 ProfessionalDataLIBRARY

• Now I hope you have done everything correctly so now open your Proteus software or restart it if its already open.
• In Proteus, make a search for Flex Sensor and you will get something as shown in below figure:

• So, now select this Flex Sensor and place it in your workspace and it will look something as shown in below figure:

• As I have told earlier that this Flex Sensor is not analog and it just works on digital.
• So, there are four pins on it.
• One is Vcc which you need to give 5V and second one is GND where you need to place the ground.
• Third pin is OUT which will be either HIGH or LOW depending on the Test Pin, so if Test Pin is HIGH then OUT will be HIGH otherwise it will be LOW.
• Both Straight and bent conditions are shown in below figure:

So, that's all for today. I hope you guys have enjoyed today's tutorial and this Flex Sensor Library for Proteus is really gonna help you out. Take care and have fun !!! :)

How to do Arduino Serial Communication ?

Hello everyone, I hope you all are fine and having fun with your lives. In today's tutorial, I am going to share How to do Arduino Serial Communication in detail. Recently, I have shared a lot of tutorial on Arduino Serial Communication which contains everything you need for Arduino Serial Communication. So, in today's tutorial, I am actually gonna combine them all and give you a whole picture of How you can easily do the Arduino Serial Communication. I hope you guys are gonna enjoy this. You should also have a look at DC Motor Speed Control using Arduino in which I have controlled the DC Motor via Arduino Serial Communication. I will also share some more tutorials on Arduino Serial Communication in the near future so I will also add their links in today's tutorial. If you guys have any questions then ask in the comments and we will try our best to resolve your queries. Moreover, most of these codes are testing on Proteus and the simulations are given for download so you can download them from respective link but as a suggestion try to design them on your own. So, let's get started with How to do Arduino Serial Communication:

How to do Arduino Serial Communication ???

• Arduino boards contain Serial Port in it. If we talk about Arduino UNO then it has the Serial Port at Pin # 0 and Pin # 1 as shown in below figure:

• These are the Arduino UNO Serial Pins and you can see it has only two pins so which means we can add only one serial device with it. We can use software serial, i am gonna discuss that later.
• Now Arduino Mega has four Serial Ports on it as shown in below figure:

• You can see in the above figure that Arduino Mega has:
• Serial:   Pin # 0(RX) and Pin # 1(TX).
• Serial1: Pin # 19(RX1) and Pin # 18(TX1).
• Serial2: Pin # 17(RX2) and Pin # 16(TX2).
• Serial3: Pin # 15(RX3) and Pin # 14(TX3).
• So, these are pins through which we can do the Arduino Serial Communication.
• Now let's have a look at them step by step:

1. How to use Arduino Serial Write

• First of all you should read How to use Serial Write in Arduino in which I have explained in detail How to send data through Serial Port.
• In this tutorial I have used Arduino UNO so I have used Pin # 1 which is the TX pin and I am transmitting data Serially.
• For sending data we use below two commands:

Serial.write("a");

Serial.print("b");

• You should read the above tutorial because I have explained everything in it.

2. How to use Arduino Serial Read

• Next tutorial, you need to read is How to use Serial Read in Arduino in which I have explained How you can read data coming through Serial Port and then displayed it on LCD.
• It's an interesting tutorial and you must read that out. It will help you in understanding How you can receive data through serial port and then use that data.
• This data could be coming from GPS or GSM or some other serial sensor or device.
• For reading data though Serial Port you need to use below command:

char data = Serial.read();

• You must read the above tutorial to have a strong grip on it.

3. How to use Arduino Serial Monitor

• Once you got the detailed concept of How to read and write data to Serial Port the next thing you need to do is to read about How to use Serial Monitor in Arduino.
• Arduino Serial Monitor is a great tool needed for Arduino Serial Communication.
• It works as a debugging tool and I have explained in detail in this tutorial How to use it and do your Arduino Serial Communication.

4. How to use Arduino Serial Flush

• Flushing Serial data is important if you wanna do a smooth Serial Communication.
• So, I have posted a tutorial on it in which I have teach How to use Serial Flush in Arduino.
• For Serial Flushing we use the below command:

Serial.Flush();

• Serial Flush is not that necessary when you are working on small projects but if you are doing big projects in which you need to deal with a lot of data like GPS then you must consider it.

5. How to use Arduino Software Serial

• As I have told in the start that Arduino UNO has just one Serial Port so you can only connect one Serial device with Arduino UNO.
• So, what if you want to do more than one serial device with Arduino UNO then there's you need to know How to use Arduino Software Serial.
• So you guys must read this tutorial becuase we have to use it a lot in Arduino Projects.

So, that's all for today. I hope you have enjoyed this tutorial. I am gonna add more tutorial in it when I post them on our blog. So till next tutorial take care and have fun !!! :)

How to use Arduino Software Serial ?

Hello friends, I hope you all are fine and having fun. In today's tutorial, I am going to show you How to use Arduino Software Serial. In my previous tutorial, we have had a look at How to use Arduino Serial Write and How to use Arduino Serial Read. In both of these tutorials, we have done the hardware Serial Communication. But we all know that Arduino has just one Serial Port placed at pins 0 and 1.

So, if you are having two or more serial modules, then there's difficulty in adding two modules because we just have one hardware serial port. So, in such cases, there's a need to add one more serial port and that serial port can be created at any two pins of Arduino and is called software serial. Software Serial is also named Virtual Serial Port.

It's really very comfy if you are working on serial modules. If you ask me, I have never used a hardware serial port because pin # 0 and pin # 1 are also used for uploading code and debugging the code via Arduino Serial Monitor. So, I always connect my Serial modules via software serial and then check their output on Serial Monitor. So, let's get started with How to use Arduino Software Serial:

Where To Buy?
No.	Components	Distributor	Link To Buy
1	Arduino Uno	Amazon	Buy Now

How to use Arduino Software Serial?

• I am going to use Proteus software for testing the codes.
• You can download the Proteus Simulation for Arduino Software Serial, by clicking the below button:

Download Simulation & Code

Arduino Code

• First of all, let me tell you where you can find Examples of Software Serial.
• Arduino has a Library of Software Serial in it. If you can't find its library then you should download the Software Serial Library.
• Now copy and paste the below code in your Arduino software:

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial SoftSerial(2, 3);

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(9600);
  SoftSerial.begin(9600);
  
  SoftSerial.println("       **** Its a Software Serial **** ");
  SoftSerial.println(" Designed by www.TheEngineeringProjects.com");
  SoftSerial.println();
  
  Serial.println("       **** Its a Hardware Serial **** ");
  Serial.println(" Designed by www.TheEngineeringProjects.com");
  Serial.println();
}

void loop()
{
      
      if (Serial.available())
      {
           char data = Serial.read();
           SoftSerial.print(data);
      }
}

• In the above code, we have first included the Arduino Software Serial Library using #include<SoftwareSerial.h>.
• After that, I have created the SoftSerial object and its parameters are SoftSerial(RX, TX), so in the above code pin # 2 has become RX of our Arduino Software Serial and pin # 3 become TX.
• Now our SoftSerial object is ready and then we have initialized our software serial by using SoftSerial.begin(9600), here we have started our software serial and the baud rate set is 9600.

Proteus Simulation

• Now design a small circuit in Proteus, you will need Arduino Library for Proteus to use Arduino in Proteus, as shown in the below figure:

• Now get the Arduino Hex File and upload it to your Proteus software.
• Now run your Proteus Simulation and you will get something as shown in the below figure:

• So, it's printed there that one is hardware serial and second is software serial and you can see the software serial is connected to Pin # 2 and Pin # 3.
• Now when you write something in the Hardware Serial, it will also get printed in the Software Serial, that's the code which we have added in the loop() section.

So, that's all for today, I hope you have enjoyed this Arduino Software Serial example. Download the Simulation from the above button and try to design it on your own. Take care and have fun !!! :)