The Engineering Projects

LM747 Datasheet, Pinout, Features, Equivalent & Applications

Hi Guys! I hope you’re well today. Happy to see you around. In this post today, I’ll walk you through the Introduction to LM747.

LM747 is a general-purpose dual-operational amplifier IC. This chip contains two operational amplifiers on board and belongs to the LM’xx’ family where LM stands for linear monolithic. In this chip, analog components are incorporated into silicon.

I suggest you buckle up as I’ll detail the complete Introduction to LM747 covering datasheet, pinout, features, equivalents, and applications. Let’s jump right in.

Introduction to LM747

• Designed by National Semiconductor, LM747 is a general-purpose dual-operational amplifier integrated chip.
• Two operational amplifiers are incorporated that share common power supply leads and a bias network.

• And these amplifiers are capable of performing two different operations at the same time which makes them a suitable pick for several applications. Though these amplifiers share a common bias network, they are completely independent of each other

• As two general-purpose amplifiers are used in this chip, it is used to construct op-amp circuits like differential amplification, comparator, and mathematical operations.
• This device features offset pins which are mainly used to make the output more accurate and efficient.
• It comes with no latch-up when the input common-mode range is exceeded which sets it free from oscillations.

LM747 Datasheet

Before you incorporate this device into your electrical project, it’s better to scan through the datasheet of the component that features the main characteristics of the component. You can download the datasheet of LM747 from the link given below.

LM747 Pinout

LM747 incorporates 14 pins on board. The following figure shows the pinout diagram of LM747. The following table details the pin name and pin description of each pin on LM747.

Pin Description of JRC4558
Pin No.	Pin Description	Pin Name
1	Inverting input of op-amp 1	1IN-
2	A non-inverting input of op-amp 1	1IN+
3	The offset null pin is used to remove the offset voltage and control the input voltages for op-amp 1	OFFSET  NULL 1
4	Common negative supply voltage for both Op-amps	V-
5	The offset null pin is used to remove the offset voltage and control the input voltages for op-amp 1	OFFSET  NULL 2
6	The non-inverting input of op-amp 2	2IN+
7	Inverting  input of op-amp 2	2IN-
8	The offset null pin is used to remove the offset voltage and control the input voltages for the op-amp 2	OFFSET  NULL 2
9	Positive supply voltage for op-amp 2	V2+
10	The output pin of the op-amp 2	2OUT
11	No connection	NC
12	The output pin of the op-amp 1	1OUT
13	Positive supply voltage for op-amp1	V1+
14	The offset null pin is used to remove the offset voltage and control the input voltages for op-amp 1	OFFSET  NULL 1

• Offset null pins remove the offset voltage and balance the output voltages for both operational amplifiers.

• While pin 11 is not connected. It is not used for any purpose.

LM747 Features

The following are the main features of LM747.

• No latch-up
• Large differential voltage and common mode range
• Low noise interference among op-amps
• Total power dissipation = 800mW
• Differential input voltage = ±30V
• Low power consumption
• Supply voltage Max. = ±22V
• Frequency Compensation is not required
• Comes with short-circuit protection
• Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR = 90dB
• Operating temperature range = -55ºC to +125ºC

LM747 Applications

The following are the main applications of LM747.

• Employed in mathematical operations
• Used in amplifiers
• Used in analog circuits
• Used for Measuring instruments
• Incorporated in voltage comparators
• Employed for Industrial applications
• Used in Peak detectors

That was all about the Introduction to LM747. If you’re unsure or have any questions, you can leave your query in the section below. I’d love to help you according to the best of my expertise. Feel free to share your valuable feedback and suggestions around the content we share so we keep sharing quality content tailored to your exact needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.

LF353N Dual JFET Input Op-Amp Datasheet, Pinout, Features & Applications

Hi Folks! I hope you’re well today. I welcome you on board. Happy to see you around. In this post today, I’ll walk you through the Introduction to LF353N.

The LM393N is a wide bandwidth and high input impedance Dual Input JEFET op-amp that is widely used in high-speed integrators and low noise circuits. The low bias current and input noise make it a good pick for audio amplifier applications. It carries a high slew rate (13V/uS) and wide bandwidth around (4MHz).

I suggest you read this post all the way through, as I’ll detail the complete introduction to LF353N covering datasheet, pinout, features, and applications. Let’s dive in.

Introduction to LF353N

• Introduced by the Texas Instrument, the LM393N is a high input impedance dual op-amp where the input of this device is attached through a high voltage JFET.
• It is widely used in low current, low noise fast switching applications.

• There are two outputs available on the device i.e. Output A and Output B. And two inputs where each input contains further two inputs i.e. inverting input (-) and non-inverting input (+).

• This chip incorporates two independent op-amps that operate over a wide range of voltages from a single power supply.
• High slew rate and high input impedance device, LF353N comes with internally compensated input offset voltage.
• It is also available with a power supply voltage range of ±18 V and with a differential input voltage of around 30V.
• The power dissipation Pd is 500mW which is defined as the maximum energy dissipated during the working of this device.

LF353N Datasheet

Before you incorporate this device into your electrical project, it’s wise to scan through the datasheet of the component that features the main characteristics of the component. Click the link below to download the datasheet of LF353N.

LF353N Pinout

The following figure shows the pinout diagram of LF353N. This chip incorporates total 8 pins on board. The following table shows the pin name and pin description of each pin installed on the device.

Pin Description of LF353N
Pin No.	Pin Description	Pin Name
1	The output of Op-Amp 1	OUT (A)
2	Inverting Input of Op-Amp 1	INPUT- A(-)
3	Non-Inverting Input of Op-Amp 1	INPUT- A(+)
4	Ground or Negative supply terminal	Power (-Vs)
5	Non-Inverting Input of Op-Amp 2	INPUT- B(+)
6	Inverting Input of Op-Amp 2	INPUT- B(-)
7	The output of Op-Amp 2	OUTPUT B
8	Positive supply terminal	+Vcc

LF353N Features

• Dual Op-Amp that comes with JFET Input
• High slew rate 13V/µs
• High Input Impedance 1012?
• Low Input Noise current
• Low input noise voltage

• Supply Current = 6.5mA (max)
• Bandwidth Gain = 4MHz
• Supply Voltage = ±18V
• Available Packages = 8-pin SOIC & PDIP Package

LF353N Equivalent

The following are the equivalents of LF353N.

• LM1558
• TL074
• MCP6002

While working with the alternatives, make sure you cross-check the pinout of them. It’s quite likely the pinout of the alternatives might differ from the pinout of LF353N.

LF353N Applications

The LF353N is used in the following applications.

• Used in High-Input Impedance designs
• Employed in Low-noise Audio circuits
• Used in High-Speed Integrator
• Incorporated in Sample and Hold Circuit

That’s all for today. I hope you’ve loved reading this article. If you have any questions, you can approach me in the section below, I’d reply to you according to the best of my experience. Feel free to share your valuable suggestions and feedback around the content we share, so we keep producing quality content customized to your needs and requirements. Thank you for reading this article.

MID400 Optocoupler Datasheet, Pinout, Features, Equivalent & Applications

Hi Everyone! I hope you’re well today. Happy to see you around. In this post today, I’ll walk you through the Introduction to MID400.

The MID400 is an 8-pin optically isolated AC line-to-logic Power Line Monitor Optocoupler. The AC line voltage is detected by two back-to-back LEDs that are connected in series with an external resistor. When this device identifies the AC voltage, the output pin goes low and when there is no AC voltage detected, it remains high.

This feature of detecting the AC line voltage is widely employed in AC to DC control and relay latching applications. I suggest you buckle up as I’ll walk you through the complete introduction to MID400 covering datasheet, pinout, features, equivalents, and applications. Let’s dive right in.

Introduction to MID400

• The MID400 is an 8-pin optically isolated AC line-to-logic Power Line Monitor Optocoupler that identifies the AC line voltage using two back-to-back LEDs that are attached in series with an external resistor.

• It features high voltage isolation between input and output and comes with an externally adjustable AC voltage sensing level.
• This device is available with an 8-pin compact DIP package and SMD Package.

• It is the best pick for AC to DC control applications where remarkable solid-state reliability and excellent optical isolation are needed.
• It is also applied to low-frequency operations where small size, low power, and TTL compatibility are required.

MID400 Datasheet

While working with this device, it’s wise to go through the datasheet of the component before installing this device into your project. The datasheet highlights the main characteristics of the component. Click the link below if you want to download the datasheet of MID400.

MID400 Pinout

The following figure represents the pinout diagram of MID400.

The following table demonstrates the pin description of MID400.

Pin Description of MID400
Pin No.	Pin Description	Pin Name
1	AC Live wire is connected to this Pin	AC Live
2	No connection	Not used
3	AC Neutral wire is connected to this pin	AC Neutral
4	No connection	Not used
5	The ground pin of the device	Ground
6	Open collector output pin	V Output
7	Used to control time delay and AC voltage sensing by adding a capacitor to this pin	Auxiliary
8	Device Operating Voltage	Vcc

You can see from the table above… out of 8 pins, two pins(2 & 4) are not used for any connection. Pin 5 is the ground and Pin 8 is the voltage supply pin.

MID400 Features

The following are the main features of MID400.

• Working Insulation Voltage Max. = 630Vpeak
• LED on-state input current = ±30mA
• Power Line Monitor IC

• Low-level Output Current = 20mA
• Low-level Output Voltage = 0.18V
• LED forward voltage drop = 1.5V
• Supply Voltage (Vcc) = 7V
• Turn-on and Turn-off Time = 1ms each
• Available Packages = 8-pin DIP and SMD Package

MID400 Sample Application Circuit

The following figure shows the sample application circuit of MID400.

• MID400 is an AC line monitor where the phase wire is connected to the first pin of the device and the neutral wire is connected to the third pin of the device using a resistor of 22-kilo ohm. This resistor is used to control and limit the current flowing through the AC line voltage.
• Pin 6 is the output pin that remains high when there is no AC voltage and it remains low when AC line voltage is detected.

• Optocoupling property is used in this device which keeps both output voltage and AC line completely isolated.
• Pin 6 is the output pin or open collector pin that is attached to the pull-up resistor of 300 ohms which is further connected with the Vcc pin of the device… as shown in the figure above.
• The capacitor is attached to pin 7 which is mainly used to control the time delay and sensing level of the output.

MID400 Alternative

The following are the alternatives to MID400:

• ACS71020
• UC1903

While working with the alternatives, double-check the pinout of the alternatives, as the pinout of the alternatives might differ from the pinout of MID400.

MID400 Applications

MID400 is used in the following applications.

• Employed in AC sensing applications
• Employed in Latching circuits
• Incorporated in Isolation switch
• Used in AC to DC control applications
• Used in AC to DC converters

That was all about the Introduction to MID400. If you’re unsure or have any queries, you can pop your question in the section below. I’d love to help you the best way I can. You’re most welcome to share your valuable suggestions and feedback around the content we share, so we keep producing quality content tailored to your exact needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.

TDA7265 Audio Amplifier Datasheet, Pinout, Features & Applications

Hi Friends! I hope you’re well today. I welcome you on board. In this post today, I’ll walk you through the Introduction to TDA7265.

TDA7265 is a +25-watt class AB dual audio power stereo amplifier. This multi-watt package IC is carefully designed for high-quality audio power amplification applications. This device receives a low-input audio signal and amplifies it into a high-quality audio output.

I suggest you buckle up as I will detail the complete introduction to TDA7265 covering datasheet, pinout, features, and applications. Let’s jump right in.

Introduction to TDA7265

• TDA7265 is a +25-watt class AB dual audio power stereo amplifier that is mainly employed in audio amplifiers and woofer amplifiers.
• This device gets a low-input audio signal and converts it into a high-output audio signal.

• This chip features output short circuit protection and comes with a mute-enabled pin.
• Only a few components are required to put this device into working condition.

• Total power dissipation is 30W which is the amount of energy released during the working of this device.
• It comes with an operating voltage range of ±5 to ±25V.
• The operating temperature range is -20°C to +85°C while the storage temperature range is -40°C to +150°C.

TDA7265 Datasheet

Before you apply this component to your electrical project, it’s wise to scan through the datasheet of the device that comes with the main characteristics of the component. Click the link below and download the datasheet of TDA7265.

Additional circuit configurations are available in the datasheet of this chip. You can use any configuration to put this chip in working condition.

TDA7265 Pinout

The TDA7265 incorporates 11 pins on the device. The following figure shows the pinout diagram of TDA7265.

The table below demonstrates the pin name and pin description of each pin on the board.

Pin Description of TDA7265
Pin No.	Pin Description	Pin Name
1	A negative power supply is connected to this pin	-Vs
2	This pin receives the amplified output of channel A	OUTPUT 1
3	A positive power supply is connected to this pin	+Vs
4	This pin receives the amplified output of channel B	OUTPUT 2
5	This pin is triggered low to disable the audio output	MUTE
6	A negative power supply is connected to this pin	-Vs
7	A non-inverting input of channel B amplifier	IN+(2)
8	Inverting input of channel B amplifier	IN-(2)
9	This pin is connected to the ground	GND
10	Inverting input of channel A amplifier	IN-(1)
11	A non-inverting input of channel A amplifier	IN+(1)

TDA7265 Features

The following are the main features of TDA7265.

• Comes with a wide operating supply voltage range
• Available with High output power : 25 + 25 W @ RL = 8 ?, Vs = ± 20V
• Features output short circuit protection
• Comes with a mute enable pin
• Incorporates thermal overload protection
• A few components are required to put the amplifier in working condition
• Stand-by feature (low Iq)
• Total power dissipation = 30W
• Split supply
• Maximum supply voltage = ±25V
• Operating voltage range = ±5 to ±25V
• Repetitive current allowed to draw through each output Max = 4.5A
• Storage Temperature = -40°C  to +150°C
• Operating temperature = -20°C  to +85°C
• No pop at turn-on/off

TDA7265 Operational Circuit

The following figure shows the operational circuit diagram of TDA7265. You need to connect the components as shown in the figure below. Doing this will put your amplifier in working condition.

• Two power supplies are used to power up this circuit one with the negative voltage V- and the other with the positive voltage V+.
• Pin no. 11 of this chip is given with the audio input signal for channel B and the resulting amplified output is heard through the right speaker. The Pin no. 07 of this chip is given with the audio input signal for channel A and the resulting amplified output is heard through the left speaker.
• A positive voltage supply source is used to power up the TDA7265 chip while the separate control unit is used to trigger the mute pin low. The two amplified outputs behave as a dual supply operation.

TDA7265 Applications

The TDA7265 is used in the following applications.

• Employed in stereo TV sets
• Incorporated in woofer amplifiers
• Used in audio power amplifiers
• Used in music players
• Used in student and hobby projects
• Employed in guitar amplifiers
• Used in Hi-Fi music centers

That’s all for today. I hope you’ve enjoyed reading this article. If you’re unsure or have any questions, you can ask me in the section below. I’d love to help you the best way I can. Feel free to share your valuable suggestions and feedback around the content we share, so we keep producing quality content customized to your exact needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the post.

LM4558 Dual Op-Amp Datasheet, Pinout, Features & Applications

Hi Friends! I welcome you on board. Happy to see you around. In this post today, I’ll walk you through the Introduction to LM4558.

LM4558 is a dual-operational amplifier that comes with two amplifiers on board. This device belongs to the LM’xx’ family where LM stands for linear monolithic which means, it is made of analog components that are incorporated into the silicon piece.

This component comes with an internal frequency compensation method that guarantees the device's stability without the need for external components.

I suggest you read this post all the way through as I’ll detail the complete Introduction to LM4558 covering datasheet, pinout, features, and applications. Continue reading.

Introduction to LM4558

• LM4558 is a monolithic dual-operational amplifier that carries two amplifiers on board.

• This device belongs to the LM’xx’ family where LM stands for linear monolithic which demonstrates the availability of analog components that are incorporated on the silicon piece.

• It comes with a high common-mode input voltage range and no latch-up on this device makes it an ideal pick for voltage-follower applications.
• This chip comes with an internal frequency compensation method that guarantees the device's stability. Moreover, it is protected against short-circuiting.
• The device can be utilized in the op-amp operation circuits including differential amplification, comparators, and mathematical operations.
• As this component exhibits two independent amplifiers on board, it is capable of performing two completely different operations at the same time which makes it a suitable pick for several applications.
• The LM4558 comes with an operating temperature range from 0ºC to 70ºC while the total power dissipation is 200mW.
• The common-mode Rejection Ratio CMRR is 80dB and these amplifiers feature low noise interference.

LM4558 Datasheet

While working with this device, it’s wise to go through the datasheet of the component that features the main characteristics of the component. You can download the datasheet of LM4558 by clicking the link below.

LM4558 Pinout

This chip is an 8-pin device. The following figure shows the pinout diagram of LM4558.

The following table represents the pin name and pin description incorporated on the chip.

Pin Description of JRC4558
Pin No.	Pin Description	Pin Name
1	The output pin of the Op-amp 1	1OUT
2	The inverting input of Op-amp 1	1IN-
3	The non-inverting input of Op-amp 1	1IN+
4	Ground or Negative supply terminal	GND
5	A non-inverting input of Op-amp 2	2IN+
6	The inverting input of Op-amp 2	2IN-
7	The output pin of the Op-amp 2	2OUT
8	Positive supply terminal	VCC

LM4558 Features and Specifications

The following are the main features and specifications of LM4558.

• Low noise interference among op-amps
• Dual  Supply Operation = +15V and -15V

• No frequency Compensation Required
• Operating temperature = 0ºC to 70ºC
• Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR = 80dB
• Two independent operational amplifiers
• Built-in Short-Circuit Protection
• No latch-up
• Large common mode and differential voltage range
• Total power dissipation = 200mW
• Parameter tracking over a temperature range
• Carries low noise input transistors
• Phase and gain match between amplifiers
• Moisture Sensitivity Level 3
• Single Supply Operation = +5.0 V to +15 V

LM4558 Applications

The LM4558 is used in the following applications.

• Used in Measuring instruments
• Employed in Industrial applications
• Incorporated in Logic voltage translation
• Used in voltage comparators and peak detectors
• Employed in oscillators and amplifiers
• Used in mathematical operations

That’s all for today. I hope you’ve enjoyed reading this article. If you have any questions, you can pop your queries in the section below, I’d love to help you the best way I can. You are most welcome to share your valuable feedback and suggestions around the content we share so we keep coming back with quality content customized to your exact needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.

JRC4558 Op-Amp Datasheet, Pinout, Features, Alternatives & Applications

Hi Guys! Happy to see you around. I welcome you on board. Thank you for clicking this read. In this post today, I’ll walk you through the Introduction to JRC4558.

The JRC4558 is a single silicon-chip monolithic dual operational amplifier. This amplifier is a high-performance device and is internally compensated. It is widely used in sample and hold amplifiers and pedal circuit designs. The JRC4558 is available with a remarkable input impedance of around 5 MO, a high voltage gain of around 100 dB, and a good slew rate of around 1.7V/µs.

I suggest you buckle up as I will walk you through the complete introduction to JRC4558 covering datasheet, pinout, features, alternatives, and applications. Let’s jump right in.

Introduction to JRC4558

• The JRC4558 is a single silicon-chip monolithic dual operational amplifier that comes with high voltage gain and good input impedance.
• It is applied in portable instrumentation and Intrusion Alarm Systems.

• There are a total of eight pins incorporated on the device, where PIN 8 is the voltage supply pin and pin no 4 is the ground pin. And you’ll get two outputs at the same time.
• There are two inputs i.e. input A and input B and both inputs contain one inverting input (-) with Voltage V- and non-inverting input (+) with voltage V+.
• The ideal op-amps are different from the real op-amps used in this chip. The ideal op-amp comes with infinite gain while the voltage gain of this device is finite and is around 100dB.
• The slew rate of this device is around 1.7V/µs which is achieved when the output voltage of the amplifier reaches its maximum rate of change.

• This chip is incorporated with two independent, good input impedance and internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers that are carefully designed to run over a wide range of voltages from a single power supply.
• The JRC4558 produces an output signal that is much larger than the potential difference at the input.
• It is also applied in general-purpose operational amplifier circuits like differential amplification, comparators, and mathematical operations.
• This device is carefully designed and requires only a 5V standard voltage supply to operate in electronic circuits. You don’t need to include an additional -5V supply to run this device.
• Moreover, it is also employed in single-supply voltage systems, amplification blocks, and transducer amplifiers.
• This device is capable of performing two different operations at the same time as it incorporates two op-amps on board.
• The versatility of this device makes it a good pick for analog circuits.
• It is widely used in scientific devices and industrial and consumer applications.
• This device can be used individually or as a component of most complex integrated circuits.

JRC4558 Datasheet

Before applying this device to your electrical project, it’s wise to go through the datasheet of the component that contains the main characteristics of the component. Click the link below and download the datasheet of JRC4558.

JRC4558 Pinout

The following figure shows the pinout diagram of JRC4558.

The JRC4558 comes with a total of 8 pins as mentioned below in the table.

Pin Description of JRC4558
Pin No.	Pin Description	Pin Name
1	The output pin of Op-amp A	OUT (A)
2	The Inverting input pin of the Op-Amp A	Inverting Input (A)
3	The Non-Inverting Input Pin of Op-Amp A	Non- Inverting Input (A)
4	Ground or Negative supply terminal	Power (-Vs)
5	The non-inverting Input Pin of Op-Amp B	Reference
6	The Inverting input pin of the Op-Amp B	Output
7	The output pin of Op-amp B	Power (+Vs)
8	Positive supply terminal	+VS

JRC4558 Features

The following are the main features of the JRC4558.

• No. of Amplifiers = 2
• Voltage Gain = 100 dB
• Device Slew Rate = 1.7V/µs
• Input Impedance = 5 MO
• Available Bandwidth = 3MHz
• Operating Temperature Max = 70°C
• Supply Voltage Range = ± 5V to ± 15V
• of Pins on the component = 8
• Operating Temperature Min = 0°C
• Available Package = 8-Pin DIP and SOP Package

JRC 4558 Alternatives

The following are the alternatives to JRC4558.

• LM158
• LM358
• LM358A
• LM2904Q
• LM158A
• LM2904
• LM747
• LM4558

JRC4558 Applications

The JRC4558 is used in the following applications.

• Applied in Sample and Hold Amplifiers
• Used in Portable Instrumentation
• Employed in Instrumentation Amplifiers
• Used in Long-Duration Timers/Multivibrators
• Incorporated in Intrusion Alarm System
• Employed in Photocurrent Instrumentation
• Used in Comparators and Function Generators

That’s all for today. I hope you’ve enjoyed reading this article. If you are unsure or have any queries, you can pop your question in the section below. I’d love to help you the best way I can. Feel free to share your valuable suggestions and feedback around the content we share, so we keep sharing quality content customized to your exact needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.

LM2576 Buck Converter Datasheet, Pinout, Features & Applications

Hi Everyone! I welcome you on board. Thank you for clicking this read. In this post today, I’ll walk you through the Introduction to LM2576.

LM2576 is a step-down voltage regulator, also known as a buck converter, mainly employed as a pre-regulator in linear regulators. The customized output version of this buck converter gives you the ability to set the output voltage as you like better. It is available with a remarkably good load and line regulation. Moreover, it is used to drive load under 1A and is available in fixed output voltages with 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and 15V.

I suggest you buckle up and read this post all the way through, as in this post I’ll detail the Introduction to LM2576 covering the datasheet, pinout, features, and applications. Let’s jump right in.

Introduction to LM2576

• LM2576 is a voltage regulator, also called a buck converter, mainly used as a pre-regulator in linear regulators.
• It is a simplified version of switching power supplies where it houses all functions needed to step down the circuit voltage.

• This buck converter comes with an integrated switch that drives load under 1A.
• LM2576 is available with remarkable load regulation and load line.

• LM2576 is available in two versions: version with fixed output voltage featuring 3.3V, 5V, 12V, & 15V and version with adjustable output that comes with the ability to choose your desired output.
• It is also known as the DC-to-DC power converter mainly used to step down the voltage from the input supply to its output load. The current is increased during this occurrence of voltage regulation.
• This buck converter comes with a fixed-frequency oscillator of around 52 kHz. It is also available with an in-built frequency compensation method.
• Frequency compensation is used to minimize the oscillation and vibration in the electrical circuit. Resistance-capacitance networks are applied for this frequency method to work.
• Apart from the excellent load and line regulation, this component is available with a manual shutdown option using an external ON/OFF pin.

LM2576 Datasheet

Before you apply this component to your electrical project, it’s better to go through the datasheet of the component that features the main characteristics of the device. You can download the datasheet of LM2576 by clicking the link below.

LM2576 Pinout

The following figure shows the pinout diagram of lm2576.

LM2576 is available with five terminals:

1. ON/OFF: This pin is used to shut down the voltage regulator when the input supply current is decreased to 50uA. The threshold voltage is 1.3V. When the voltage on this pin is set to below the threshold voltage, it will turn on the voltage regulator. When the voltage on this pin goes above the threshold voltage it will turn off the device. And when this pin is connected to the ground or leave it open, it will remove the shutdown feature from the device. Whether you connect this pin to the ground or leave it open, in both cases the regulator remains turned on.
2. VIN: This pin is connected to the bypass capacitor that reduces the voltage transients along with providing the switching current.
3. Output: This terminal behaves like an internal switch where voltage potential goes back and forth between (Vin – Vsat) and -0.5V. The Vout/Vin is this pin duty cycle. The coupling is reduced due to the presence of PCB copper attached to this pin.
4. Ground: This is the ground pin.
5. Feedback: For the feedback loop, this pin defines the regulated output voltage.

LM2576 Features

The following are the main features of LM2576.

• Output Voltage available for variable type regulator = 1.23V to 37V
• Internal Oscillator frequency = 52-kHz (this is a Fixed Frequency)
• Output Current = 3A
• Used as a switch-mode step-down voltage regulator
• Comes with In-built Current Limit and Thermal Shutdown Protection
• Output Voltage available for fixed voltage regulator = 3.3V, 5V, 12V or 15V
• Maximum Input Voltage =  40V
• Available packages = TO-263 & TO-220

LM2576 Applications

The following are the main applications of LM2576.

• Incorporated as a pre-regulator in linear regulator
• Used in On-card switching regulators.
• Employed to drive load under 1A.
• Employed in a simple efficient step-down regulator.
• Used in a positive-to-negative converter.

That was all about the Introduction to LM2576. Hope you’ve enjoyed reading this article. If you have any queries, you can pop your question in the section below, I’d love to help you the best way I can. Feel free to share your valuable feedback and suggestions around the content we share, so we keep producing quality content customized to your exact needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.

1n4734 Zener Diode Datasheet, Pinout, Features & Applications

Hi Folks! I hope you’re well today. I welcome you on board. In this post today, I’ll walk you through the Introduction to 1n4734.

The 1n4734 is a silicon planner power Zener diode that is employed as a low current voltage regulator. It is incorporated as a shunt regulator in many applications. This Zener diode conducts the current in both directions in contrast to the regular diode that conducts in one direction only i.e. regular diode conducts in forward biased condition only. This Zener diode conducts in both conditions forward biased condition and reverse biased condition. Power dissipation in this Zener diode is 1W and standard Zener voltage tolerance is ±10%.

I suggest you read this entire post till the end, as I’ll detail the complete Introduction to 1n4734 covering datasheet, pinout, main features, and applications. Let’s dive in.

Introduction to 1N4734

• The 1n4734 is a Zener diode employed as a low-current voltage regulator. It is also employed in clipping circuits with high power ratings. This Zener diode is made of semiconductors and is used in voltage protection circuits.

• The current flows from the anode side to the cathode side in the regular diode in a forward-biased condition. On the other hand, in the case of the Zener diode, current conducts in both conditions i.e. forward biased condition and reverse biased condition. Forcing regular diodes to conduct in both conditions will damage the device.
• The Zener diode is normally used in modern electronics and is constructed by plenty of different voltages.

• While picking the Zener diode there are two parameters that you should consider… one is the power dissipation and the other is the power Zener voltage. When a higher reverse voltage is applied to the Zener device it creates the Zener voltage.
• Some Zener diodes experience sharp and highly doped p-n junction when they undergo a Zener effect or Clarence Zener.
• The power dissipation inside the Zener diode is used to identify the amount of current flow. More power dissipation results in more current flow. Power dissipation in this Zener diode is 1W.
• Zener diodes are utilized to generate low-power supply rails using higher voltages. Reference voltages in the electrical circuits are also produced by these Zener diodes.
• In some electrical circuits, there is a limit to the applied voltage. The voltage applied above this limit can damage the device. These Zener diodes are used in those circuits to prevent circuits from overvoltage.

1N4734 Datasheet

Before you apply this component to your project, it’s wise to have a look at the datasheet of the component that contains the main characteristics of the device. Click the link below if you want to download the datasheet of 1n4734.

1N4734 Pinout

The following figure shows the pinout diagram of 1n4734.

• The 1n4734 comes with two terminals named anode and cathode. The anode terminal is positive while the cathode terminal is negative.
• The current enters the diode through the positive anode terminal while the current leaves the diode through the negative cathode terminal.

• The current flows in both conditions in 1n4734 i.e. forward biased condition and reverse biased condition.

1N4734 Features

The following are the main features of the 1n4734 Zener diode.

• Package = DO-41
• Zener Voltage (VZ) = 5.1V
• Used as shunt regulators.
• Power dissipation (PZ) = 1W
• Zener regulator current (Izt) = 49mA

1n4734 Applications

• Used in voltage protection circuits.
• Used as voltage protection for Microcontrollers.
• Used as a low current voltage regulator.
• Used for clipping circuits with high power ratings.
• Used in voltage stabilizing circuits.

That’s all for today. I hope you’ve enjoyed reading this article. If you’re unsure or have any questions, you can ask me in the section below, I’d love to help you the best way I can. Feel free to share your thoughts and feedback around the content we share, so we keep sharing quality content customized to your needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.

7 Most Commonly used Types of PCB (Printed Circuit Board)

Hello everyone, how are you doing and I hope everybody is doing great.  i am going to discuss today the Types of PCB (Printed Circuit Board). Thank you, everyone, for coming back to our website and it means so much. we are grateful for your engagement and most importantly for choosing to educate yourself over anything else in the world.

PCB circuit boards are everywhere and we daily use dozens of circuit boards and interact with them. There is no doubt in saying that the PCB has made our lives easier and advanced. For example, the first thing in the morning your alarm goes off, and wherever you hit snooze, every time you send a signal through its circuit board.  And probably the list goes on as you turn the light on off etc.

Let's begin!

What is PCB

The abbreviation of the Printed circuit board is PCB, and it is the core of electronic products. But all of them are not equal. They are available in different types and made from different materials and specifications for a wide range of applications. Since the early 1900 PCBs are manufacturing and there is a major evolution of PCB happened in the last few years. PCB is a board that interconnects different electronic and electrical components. It is necessary for building a circuit. This article will bring a deeper understanding of the types of the circuit board and help you in finding the most suitable PCB for your needs. If you are working on some electronics project and want to design or fabricate PCB / PCBA, then we would suggest you to try PCBWay Fabrication House. They have an experienced team, eager to guide you throughout the process. & they always provide excellent results as per your requirements.

Different Types of Circuit board

• As I mention before that printed circuit board comes in a different size because of their characteristics and different requirements.
• The copper rails on circuit boards are used to connect different points of locations. They are easy to recognise.
• Their design makes them different from each circuit.
• Most of the PCBs are made of fibreglass, composite epoxy, and other composite materials.
• For simple electronics most of the time only one or single layer PCB use. But for the sophisticated or complex one such as motherboards and computer graphics card multi-layers PCBs used.

Now let's find about the types of circuit boards in details.

Single Sided PCBs

A single-sided circuit board is the simplest one and made out after a different process. Let's find out.

• It is the least complicated one.
• Contain one layer of substrate or base material
• One layer of the substrate is covered with the thin layer of metal or copper (it is excellent conductor)
• After the copper base painting usually a protective solder mask is applied.
• A silkscreen coat is applied to complete the look

Since the circuit board is single sided, it is easy to design and manufacture. All of the components are located on one side of the board. They can be purchased on low cost and especially for high volume orders. Their cost is low as compared to other circuit boards. They are used in a variety of applications like cameras, radio, printers, calculator etc.

Double Sided PCBs

Double Sided Printed circuit boards are more common as compare to single sided PCBs. Because of their high properties.

• Both sides have metal conductive layers and parts are connected to both sides
• Electric components are separated evenly on the entire board
• Holes are drilled through the board to connect to the other side too.
• For connecting both sides used through holes or with the surface-mount.

What is Through Hole

Through holes in double-sided PCBs means that small wires (known as leads) are fed through the holes with each end of the leads and then joined to the right component.

What is Surface Mount

In the surface mount wires are not used as connectors. Alternatively, small leads are soldered directly to the board. Simply put, that board itself is used as a wiring surface for the many components.

• Less space
• Allowing the board to complete more function by freeing up space
• Lighter weight and higher speed than through hole

Double-sided PCBs are used in complex applications as comper to single sided PCBs. It demands a medium level of complexity. The applications that used double sided or double layers PCBs are power supplies, HVAC systems, LED lighting and Vending machines etc.

Multi Layers PCBs

The Multi Layers PCBs are more complex than double sided PCBs. It consists of a series of three or more double layers.  These are using advanced technology in double sided boards.

• More than two layers of the substrate on the board
• The insulating material used on every layer
• The same latest technology of double sided is used to connect the different components
• The largest multilayer PCB was fifty layers thick.

All the applications that are using multi layers PCBs are data storage, file servers, satellite etc.

Rigid PCBs

Rigid Circuit boards are made of the solid substrate like printed circuit boards. Printed circuit board are not just classified based on layers and sides.

• It prevents the board from twisting.
• A most common example is a rigid motherboard
• The main difference is the number of layers
• Rigid PCBs consist of different rigidity

Rigid PCBs can be simple to multi-layers of PCBS. These PCBs can be used everywhere where it needs for PCB.  This type of circuit board is solid and inflexible. Fibreglass is one of the best options because it keeps the board from bending and stops any type of damage.

Flex PCBs

Flex is a short form of flexible. You can guess it with a name that it will make the flexible PCBs with the flexible plastic.

• Fit into different shapes
• Bend the board anytime and keep it safe
• Costly than other designs
• PCBs are light in weight and used in advanced technology

 

Rigid-Flex PCBs

As shows in name that it is the combination of rigid and flex. It is the last type a litle bit confusing but the main concept behind it was to use it with the strongest boards.

• Bothe flexibe and rigid
• Circuit board is rigid but its connect layers with the flex circuit board
• Difficult to make
• Consist of multi layers of flexible PCBs

It have many advantages of using over flex and rigid PCBs. These are found in cell phone applications, digital cameras and automobile etc.

1N5819 Schottky Diode Datasheet, Pinout, Features & Applications

Hello Friends! Happy to see you around. Thank you for clicking this read. In this post today, I’ll document the Introduction to 1n5819. The 1n5819 is a Schottky diode, also called hot-carrier diode, employed for extremely fast switching. This diode is formed when the metal material is combined with the semiconductor material. This combination results in the formation of a barrier that blocks the flow of electrons. The reason this is also called a hot-carrier diode. I suggest you read this post all the way through, as I’ll walk you through the complete introduction to 1n5819 covering datasheet, pinout, features, equivalents, and applications. Let’s get started.

Introduction to 1N5819

• The 1n5819 is a Schottky diode used for fast switching applications.
• With high switching speed and low forward drop voltage, this device is employed in high-frequency applications like DC-DC inverters.

• This diode features low electronic energy in an unbiased condition that is responsible for the creation of a barrier inside the diode that in return blocks the movement of electrons. The formation of a barrier is the reason these Schottky diode devices are also known as a hot-carrier diode.

• The regular diodes and Schottky diodes are similar devices in terms of the current flow. Both favor the movement of current in one direction only i.e. from the anode terminal to the cathode terminal.
• These devices are different in terms of the voltage required to power up these devices. Output 2V DC voltage source applied to the diodes, Schottky diodes require only 0.3V, leaving behind 1.7V to power up the diode while regular diode requires only 0.7V leaving behind 1.3V to power up the regular diode.

Know that… where less power dissipation is required these Schottky diodes can be replaced with the MOSFETs.

1N5819 Datasheet

Before working with this component, it’s wise to go through the datasheet of the component that features the main characteristics of the device. You can download the datasheet of this device by clicking the link below.

1N5819 Pinout

The picture below shows the pinout diagram of 1n5819.

• The component 1n5819 is composed of two terminals. These terminals are used for the external connection with the electrical circuit.
• One terminal is called anode that is positive while the other terminal is called cathode that is negative.
• The positive anode is made of metal material while the negative cathode is composed of semiconductor material.

• The conduction process is carried out from the anode terminal to the cathode terminal. An anode is an area from where current enters the diode and a cathode is the side from where it leaves the diode.

1N5819 Features

The following are the main features of 1n5819 that help you understand how this device is different from its peers available in the market.

• Diode type = Schottky diode
• Semiconductor used = n-type
• RMS Reverse Voltage = 28V
• Average forward current = 1A
• Forward Voltage Drop = 600mV at 1A
• Forward Surge Current = 25A
• Peak reverse voltage = 40V
• Available package = DO-41

1n5819 Schottky Diode Construction

• This Schottky diode is made of metal and semiconductor material. The anode side is composed of metal while the cathode side is made of semiconductor material.
• The n-type semiconductor is used for the construction of the Schottky diode. The n-type semiconductor is a material where electrons are the majority carriers while the holes are minority carriers. You can also use p-type semiconductor material for the making of this Schottky diode but n-type materials are preferred over p-type material since the latter carries low forward drop voltage.
• When metals like tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, and platinum are attached with the n-type semiconductor material they constitute Schottky diode.
• In the Schottky diode, the current moves from the anode terminal to the cathode terminal and this diode blocks the movement of current in the opposite direction.
• The forward drop voltage on the Schottky diode is mainly related to the nature of metal and the semiconductor material used for the formation of a barrier that restricts the movement of electrons.

1N5819 Applications

The 1n5819 is used in the following applications.

• Used to control the electronic charge.
• Used in freewheeling and logic circuits.
• Used in sample-and-hold circuits.

• Used in polarity protection and DC/DC converters applications.
• Used for signal detection and extremely fast switching applications.
• Used in radio frequency applications and solar systems.
• Used in high-frequency and low voltage inverters.

That was all about the Introduction to 1n5819. Share your valuable suggestions and feedback around the content we share and help us create quality content based on your requirements. If you have any questions related to this article, you’re most welcome to ask in the comment section below, I’d love to help you the best way I can. Thank you for reading this article.