The Engineering Projects

Introduction to TL081

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to elaborate you about Introduction to TL081. TL 081 is basically a high speed Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) input Operational Amplifier (Op-amp). This Integrated Circuit consists of a JFET with a high voltage and bipolar transistor. TL-081 provides low input voltage, high slew rates, low input offset current and low Offset Voltage Temperature Coefficient (OVTC). TL 081 has different features e.g. low power consumption, high input impedance, latch-up free operation, short circuit protection, wide common mode input voltage ranges, wide differential input voltage ranges etc. TL-081 can be used in white good, tablets, computers, personal electronics etc. The further detail about TL 081 will be given later in this tutorial.

Introduction to TL081

TL081 is basically a high speed Junction Field Effect Transistor consisting of bipolar transistor and a high voltage JFET. It provides higher slew rates. TL-081 also provides low input offset current and offset voltage temperature coefficient. There are a lot of features associated with TL 081 including wide common mode input voltage ranges, low power consumption short circuit protection etc. TL-081 can be used in personal computers and personal electronics etc. TL 081 is shown in the figure given below.

1. TL081 Pins

• TL-081 has eight (8) pins in total, each of them has different functions.
• All the pins are listed in the table shown in the figure below.

2. TL081 Pins Description

• Each pin has different purpose of operation e.g. offset null, inverting, non inverting tasks etc.
• All the functions are separately given in the table show in the figure below.

3. TL081 Pinout

• Pins configurations are more easy to understand with the help of pinout diagram of a device.
• TL-081 pinout diagram is shown in the figure given below.

4. TL081 Packages

• TL 081 has five different packages, they show its different model number.
• All the five (5) packages are shown in the figure below.

5. TL081 Packages Dimensions

• Each of the 5 packages has its own different dimension.
• Every package with its dimension and SI units are given in the table shown below.

6. TL081 Symbolic Diagram

• Schematic diagram presents the internal structure of any device.
• The schematic diagram of TL-081 is shown in the figure below.

• You can see that TL 081 consists of an amplifier.
• Inverting terminal of the amplifier is connected to the pin number 2.
• Its non inverting terminal is connected to pin number 3.
• The output of this amplifier is connected to the pin number 6.

7. TL081 Shematic Diagram

• The schematic diagram to TL-081 Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) is shown in the figure below.

8. TL081 Ratings

• Ratings of an equipment helps us to know about the current, voltage and power requirements of that equipment.
• TL-081 ratings are listed in the table shown in the figure below.

9. TL081 Features

• Any of the devices specially the electron devices can be recognized on the basis of their amazing features.
• TL 081 major features are listed in the figure shown below.

10. TL081 Applications

• Applications of a device make it more effective and popular in the market.
• Some the most common applications associated with TL-081 are listed in the table shown in the figure below.

  This is the entire detailed discussed tutorial on Introduction to TL081. It was tried to cover all the necessary info about the use of Integrated Circuit (IC) TL-081 which is a JFET. The entire discussion consist of IC's pins, pin description, pinout diagram, features, applications and a lot other things as well. If something is missing in this article, please let us know so that future inconvenience for the readers can be avoided. Other IC's will be discussed in detail in later tutorials. Till then take care :)

Introduction to LM2904

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to give you detailed discussion on Introduction to LM2904. LM 2904 consists of two builtin amplifiers. These amplifiers have high gain and they are internally frequency compensated. These amplifiers are designed for the operation from a single power supply for a large range of voltages. We can also operate them from multiply power supplies as well. LM-2904 operates on 3.3V power supply, it is the most common power supply in digital systems. LM 2904 is also available in small sizes i.e. they are available in the latest technology DSBGA. LM-2904 has a lot unique features in comparison to the other standard amplifiers. These features include large DC voltage gain, wide bandwidth, common mode input voltages consists of ground, large output voltage swing, large power supply ranges etc. LM-2904 can be used in different places like DC gain blocks, active filters, transducer amplifiers, general signal conditioning, general signal amplification etc. The further detail about LM-2904 will be given later in this tutorial.

Introduction to LM2904

LM2904 has two internal builtin amplifiers, which are designed specially to work with a single power supply. They can also be operated from splited power supplies. It usually operates on 3.3V power supply which is the most common supply for the digital systems. Lm 2904 has different features which make it more efficient and popular in the market. These features include large power supply ranges, wide bandwidth etc. We can use LM-2904 while designing active filters, transducer amplifiers, DC gain blocks etc. LM-2904 is shown in teh figure below.

1. LM2904 Pins

• LM 2904 has total eight (8) pins, each of them is designed for different purposes.
• All these are listed in the table shown below, in chronological order.

2. LM2904 Pins Description

• Each pin has different individual function associated with it.
• The functions of each pin are listed in the table shown in the figure below.

3. LM2904 Pinout

• Pin configuration of any electronic device can be easily understood with the help of its pinout diagram.
• So, I have also provided LM-2904 pinout diagram shown in the figure below.

4. LM2904 Packages

• The different models of the same device can be distinguished usually by its packages.
• LM 2904 has three different packages which are shown in the table given below.

5. LM2904 Packages Dimensions

• Each package has different dimension in order to distinguish them easily.
• All the three packages are given along with the dimensions in the table shown below.

6. LM2904 Symbolic Representation

• Symbolic representation shows the internal structure of any of the equipment.
• LM-2904 symbolic representation is given in the figure shown below.

7. LM2904 Ratings

• If we want to operate any device, we must know about its power requirements, they can be determined through its ratings.
• LM-2904 ratings are listed chronologically in the table shown below.

8. LM2904 Features

• A device can be considered efficient and effective on the basis of its unique features as compared to the other devices.
• LM-2094 major features are given in the table shown below.

9. LM2904 Applications

• Applications are considered to be the most of important part of the device.
• Most of the time any device is recognized by its applications.
• LM-2904 some of the famous applications are given in the table shown below.

The tutorial Introduction to LM2904 has explained all important points necessary to keep in mind before usig LM 2904. I hope this tutorial proved to be very informative for you and you will appreciate my effort as well. If you found something missing in this article, please let me know, I will update the document accordingly. I will be there again with a lot of other IC's information. So, till then take care :)

Introduction to LM833

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine ad having fun. Today, I am going to given an elaboration on Introduction to LM833. LM-833 is basically a dual general purpose amplifier. It is usually designed for audio systems. LM 833 is the most common Integrated Circuit (IC) available in the market now a days. This is due to its low cost and high performance activities. It uses bipolar technology. LM-833 has several different features which make it ideal for general purpose applications. These features include dual supply operation, large input voltage swing, higher gain bandwidth product, higher slew rates, small input offset voltage supply etc. LM- 833 has different real life applications. These application ranges include High Fidelity (HiFi) audio systems, microphone amplifier circuits, general purpose amplifiers, filtering, pre-amplification, set top box etc. The further detail about LM-833 will be given later in this tutorial.

Introduction to LM833

LM833 is simply a dual general purpose amplifier. It is specially designed for audio systems. Due to its low cost and high performances it is the most common IC available in the market these days. It follows the bipolar technology. Dual supply operation, high gain bandwidth product, high slew rates, small input offset voltage are its amazing and most common features. Moreover, it can be used in pre-amplification, set top box, microphone amplifiers etc. LM-833 is shown in the figure below.

1. LM833 Pins

• LM 833 has total 8 pins, four on the left side of the IC and the remaining four on the right side.
• LM 833 all pins are given in the table shown below.

2. LM833 Pins Description

• The function of each pin is different from the other.
• All of the functions associated with each of the pi are given in the table shown below.

3. LM833 Pinout

• Pinout diagram helps us to understand the pin configurations of an electronic device.
• LM-833 pinout diagram is shown in the figure below.

4. LM833 Packages

• Packages presents the different models of the same equipment.
• LM 833 packages are shown in the table below.

5. LM833 Packages Dimensions

• Each package has different dimensions, LM 833 has three different packages.
• LM-833 package dimensions are given in the figure below.

6. LM833 Symbolic Representation

• The symbolic representation of a device shows the internal structure of the device.
• LM-833 symbolic representation is given in the figure below.

7. LM833 Ratings

• Ratings show the power, current and voltage requirement of any device.
• LM-833 ratings are given in the figure below.

8. LM833 Features

• The device becomes popular due to the uniqueness of its features.
• LM 833 features are given in the figure below.

9. LM833 Applications

• The device is usually recognized in the market on the basis of its applications.
• LM 833 applications are listed in the table shown in the figure below.

That is all from the tutorial Introduction to LM833. The whole discussion consists of pins, pin configurations, symbolic representation, feature, packages and applications of the IC LM-833. I hope this proved to be an informative article for you. I have tried to cover all the important points, let me know if I have missed something. I will update the article accordingly. In my upcoming tutorials I will share the detailed information about such different IC's. So, till then take care :)

Introduction to LM2902

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to tell you guys about Introduction to LM2902. LM2902 basically has four (4) internal builtin operational amplifiers. There builtin amplifiers are internally frequency compensated. The basic purpose behind designing this type of device is to support control systems in industries as well as automotive applications. LM-2902 is capable of operating for a wide range of voltages using a single power supply source. Moreover, we can also operate this device from a split power source. Low current drain supply and magnitude of the power supply source, both are totally independent to each other. LM-2902 has a lot of features which make it different from the standard general IC's. These features include wide gain bandwidth, high voltage gain, common mode input voltage includes ground, low input offset current, low input bias current, wide voltage supply ranges and many more. In real life LM 2575 can be used at several different places e.g. transducer amplifier, conventional operational amplifier circuits, DC gain blocks, weigh scales, LCD & digital TV's, DVD players, DVD recorders, multi-meters and a lot more. The further detail about LM-2902 will be given later in this tutorial.

Introduction to LM2902

LM2902 has four built-in operational amplifiers which are internally frequency compensated. The special purpose to design is to support the automotive industrial applications and control systems. Wide voltage supply ranges, low input offset current, low input bias current are some of the most common features associated with LM-2902. It can be used in multi-meters, oscilloscopes, LCD TV's, DC gain blocks etc. LM-2902 is shown in the figure given below.

1. LM2902 Pins

• LM-2902 has fourteen pins, which have different tasks to perform.
• LM-2902 all of the pins are given in the table shown in the figure below.

 

2. LM2902 Pins Description

• Each pin has different individual task/operation to perform assigned to it.
• LM-2902 pins functions are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.

3. LM2902 Pinout

• If you want to know about the pins configurations of an electronic device, you must look at its pinout diagram.
• LM-2902 pinout diagram is given in the figure shown below.

4. LM2902 Packages

• To easily differentiate the different models of the same device, packages are introduced.
• LM-2902 packages are provided in the table shown in the figure given below.

5. LM2902 Packages Dimensions

• Each package is assigned with the different dimensions.
• LM-2902 packages along with their dimensions are given in the tale shown in the figure given below.

6. LM2902 Symbolic Form

• Internal structure of any of the device can be understand through its symbolic representation.
• LM-2902 symbolic representation is shown in the figure given below.

7. LM2902 Ratings

• The amount of power required to operate any device can be estimated through its power ratings.
• LM-2902 ratings are listed in the table shown in the figure given below.

8. LM2902 Features

• A device can be popular or can be flopped on the basis of the nature of its features.
• LM-2902 most common features are provided in the table shown in the figure given below.

9. LM2902 Applucations

• Applications play a vital role in the importance of any device in real life.
• LM-2902 real life applications are given in the table shown in the figure given below.

The tutorial Introduction to LM2902 has provided the entire necessary to understand the basics of and Integrated Circuit (IC) named as LM-2902. If you have any problem you can ask us in comments anytime you want to ask. I and my team will surely guide you in some better way, if possible. I will share different informative topics in my upcoming tutorials. So bye till then :)

Introduction to LM2575

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to give you an elaboration on Introduction to LM2575. LM2575 is specially designed to simply the design of switching power supplies. It can be done by providing all the necessary active functions required in Integrated Circuit (IC) for step down regulators. LM-2575 can deliver load current of around 1A along with the good line regulation as well as load regulation. LM 2575 has  different builtin functions e.g. frequency compensation, cycle by cycle current limiting, oscillator with the fixed frequency and a lot more. LM-2575 has many amazing features i.e. it can reduce the heat sink size due to its higher efficiency parameter. In some cases even heat sink is not required. There are several different features including wide output voltage range, high efficiency, wide input voltage ranges, thermal shutdown, TTL shutdown, particular 1A output current. Moreover, LM-2575 has a lot of different applications e.g. high efficiency step down regulator, pre regulator for linear regulators, on card switching regulators, positive to negative converters also known as buck boost. The further detail about LM-2575 will be given later in this tutorial.

Introduction to LM2575

LM2575 is designed for simplifying the design of switching power supplies. We can do it by providing the active functions necessary for step down regulators. It can deliver a load up to 1 ampere current. Its builtin features include internal frequency compensation, cycle by cycle current limiting, fixed frequency oscillator etc. It can be used in on card switching regulators, positive to negative regulators. LM-2575 is shown in the figure given below.

1. LM2575 Pins

• LM 2575 has five (5) pins in total, having different functions.
• These pins are listed in the figure shown below.

2. LM2575 Pins Description

• Pins functions are necessary to be known for the use of any device.
• These pin functions are listed in the function given below.

3. LM2575 Pinout

• Pin configurations can be understand from pinout diagram of any of the electronic device.
• LM-2575 pinout diagram is shown in the figure given below.

4. LM2575 Package

• The different package numbers are assigned to different versions of the same device.
• LM-2575 package is shown in the table given below.

5. LM2575 Package Dimension

• Each package of a device is assigned with the different unique dimension,
• LM-2575 has only a single package and its dimension is shown in the table shown in the figure below.

6. LM2575 Symbolic Representation

• Internal structure of a device can be estimated through its symbolic form.
• LM 2575 symbolic form is given in the figure shown below.

7. LM2575 Ratings

• Before using any device, we must know about its power requirements.
• These power requirements can be estimated from its ratings.
• LM-2575 ratings are listed along with their units in the table shown in the figure given below.

8. LM2575 Features

• Unique features of a device can make it efficient for a lot of purposes.
• LM 2575 features are provided in the table given in the figure shown below.

9. LM2575 Applications

• LM 2575 can be used at several different places in real life.
• Its some of the most common applications are given in the table shown below.

The tutorial Introduction to LM2575 has thoroughly explained the methods and necessary information about the basic and simple use of the integrated circuit named as LM-2575. I have tried my level best to cover up all the desire information about its basic use, if you find something missing, please do tell me in comments so that I can update it accordingly. I will share further topics in my upcoming tutorials. So, take care till then and bye :)

Introduction to ATmega328

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to give you a detailed Introduction to ATmega328. ATmega328 is an Advanced Virtual RISC (AVR) microcontroller. It supports 8-bit data processing. ATmega-328 has 32KB internal flash memory.

ATmega328 has 1KB Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM). This property shows if the electric supply supplied to the micro-controller is removed, even then it can store the data and can provide results after providing it with the electric supply. Moreover, ATmega-328 has 2KB Static Random Access Memory (SRAM). Other characteristics will be explained later. ATmega 328 has several different features which make it the most popular device in today's market. These features consist of advanced RISC architecture, good performance, low power consumption, real timer counter having separate oscillator, 6 PWM pins, programmable Serial USART, programming lock for software security, throughput up to 20 MIPS etc. Further details about ATmega 328 will be given later in this section.

Note:

• Here's the link to download the Atmega328 datasheet, although after reading this article you won't need it. :)
• Moreover, I have also given the link to a reliable online source from where you can buy it easily.

Download Atmega328P Datasheet

Where To Buy?
No.	Components	Distributor	Link To Buy
1	Arduino Uno	Amazon	Buy Now

Introduction to ATmega328

• ATmega328 is an 8-bit, 28-Pin AVR Microcontroller, manufactured by Microchip, follows RISC Architecture and has a flash-type program memory of 32KB.
• Atmega328 is the microcontroller, used in basic Arduino boards i.e Arduino UNO, Arduino Pro Mini and Arduino Nano.
• It has an EEPROM memory of 1KB and its SRAM memory is 2KB.
• It has 8 Pins for ADC operations, which all combine to form PortA ( PA0 - PA7 ).
• It also has 3 built-in Timers, two of them are 8 Bit timers while the third one is 16-Bit Timer.
• You must have heard of Arduino UNO, UNO is based on atmega328 Microcontroller. It's UNO's heart. :)
• It operates ranging from 3.3V to 5.5V but normally we use 5V as a standard.
• Its excellent features include cost-efficiency, low power dissipation, programming lock for security purposes, real timer counter with separate oscillator.
• It's normally used in Embedded Systems applications. You should have a look at these Real Life Examples of Embedded Systems, we can design all of them using this Microcontroller.
• The following table shows the complete features of ATmega328:

ATmega328 Features
No. of Pins	28
CPU	RISC 8-Bit AVR
Operating Voltage	1.8 to 5.5 V
Program Memory	32KB
Program Memory Type	Flash
SRAM	2048 Bytes
EEPROM	1024 Bytes
ADC	10-Bit
Number of ADC Channels	8
PWM Pins	6
Comparator	1
Packages (4)	8-pin PDIP 32-lead TQFP 28-pad QFN/MLF 32-pad QFN/MLF
Oscillator	up to 20 MHz
Timer (3)	8-Bit x 2 & 16-Bit x 1
Enhanced Power-on Reset	Yes
Power Up Timer	Yes
I/O Pins	23
Manufacturer	Microchip
SPI	Yes
I2C	Yes
Watchdog Timer	Yes
Brownout detect (BOD)	Yes
Reset	Yes
USI (Universal Serial Interface)	Yes
Minimum Operating Temperature	-40 C to +85 C

ATmega328 Pins

• ATmega-328 is an AVR Microcontroller having twenty-eight (28) pins in total.
• All of the pins in chronological order, are listed in the table shown in the figure given below.

Now let's have a look at the pinout of Atmega328 in detail:

ATmega328 Pinout

• Through the pinout diagram, we can understand the configurations of the pins of any electronic device, so you are working on any Engineering Project then you must first read the components' pinout.
• ATmega328 pinout diagram is shown in the figure given below:

ATmega328 Pins Description

• Functions associated with the pins must be known in order to use the device appropriately.
• ATmega-328 pins are divided into different ports which are given in detail below.
• VCC is a digital voltage supply.
• AVCC is a supply voltage pin for analog to digital converter.
• GND denotes Ground and it has a 0V.
  • Port A consists of the pins from PA0 to PA7. These pins serve as an analog input to analog to digital converters. If analog to digital converter is not used, port A acts as an eight (8) bit bidirectional input/output port.
  • Port B consists of the pins from PB0 to PB7. This port is an 8 bit bidirectional port having an internal pull-up resistor.
  • Port C consists of the pins from PC0 to PC7. The output buffers of port C has symmetrical drive characteristics with source capability as well high sink.
  • Port D consists of the pins from PD0 to PD7. It is also an 8 bit input/output port having an internal pull-up resistor.
• All of the AVR ports are shown in the figure given below.

• AREF is an analog reference pin for analog to digital converter.
• So this was the brief of all the pins in the ATmega328 AVR micro-controller.

ATmega328 Architecture

• An architecture of a device presents information about the particular device.
• ATmega-328 architecture is shown in the figure given below.

ATmega328 Memory

• ATmega 328 has three types of memories, named:
  • Flash Memory: 32KB. It is a Programmable Read-Only Memory (ROM). It is a nonvolatile memory.
  • SRAM: 2KB. Stands for Static Random Access Memory. It is a volatile memory i.e. data will be removed after removing the power supply.
  • EEPROM: 1KB. Stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory.
• AVR memory spaces are shown in the figure given below.

ATmega328 Registers

• ATmega-328 has thirty-two (32) General Purpose (GP) registers.
• These all of the registers are part of Static Random Access Memory (SRAM).
• All the registers are given in the figure shown below.

ATmega328 Packages

• The different versions of the same device are denoted by the different packages of that device.
• Each package has different dimensions, in order to differentiate easily.
• ATmega 328 packages are given in the table shown in the figure given below.

ATmega328 Block Diagram

• The Block diagram shows the internal circuitry and the flow of the program of any device.
• ATmega 328 block diagram is shown in the figure given below.

ATmega328 Features

• To perform any task we can select a device on the basis of its features. i.e whether its features match to obtain the desired results or not.
• Some of the main features of an AVR Microcontroller ATmega328 are shown in the table given in the figure below.

ATmega328 and Arduino

• ATmega328 is the microcontroller used in the Arduino UNO board.
• When we upload code in Arduino UNO, it's actually uploaded in the Atmega328 Microcontroller.
• A software driver called bootloader is pre-installed in the flash memory of the Atmega328 microcontroller, which makes it compatible with Arduino IDE.
• AVR Atmega328 attached on Arduino is shown in the figure given below:

ATmega328 and Arduino Pins

• ATmega328 pins are connected to the corresponding pins of Arduino.
• Their connectivity with each other is shown in the pinout diagram shown in the figure given below.

• The encircled section analog pins consist of the Arduino pins which are connected to the corresponding AVR micro-controller ATmega-328 pins.
• I have written both of the pins in front of each other, it will help to understand easily.
• If you want to work on this Arduino board then you must try these Arduino Projects for Beginners, they will help to get your hands on Arduino.

Applications of Atmega328

• A complete package including ATmega 328 and Arduino can be used in several different real-life applications.
• It can be used in Embedded Systems Projects.
• It can also be used in robotics.
• Quad-copter and even small aero-plane can also be designed through it.
• Power monitoring and management systems can also be prepared using this device.
• I have designed this Home Security System using Arduino UNO, you should have a look at it.

How to start working on Atmega328

• If you want to start working on this Microcontroller then I would suggest you do it using Arduino.
• The benefit of using Arduino is that you get to use all of its built-in libraries, which will make the work a lot easier.
• After designing your project on Arduino, then design the basic circuit of Atmega-328 which is quite simple and I have discussed above.
• Now you must be careful while using its Pins, Atmega328 and Arduino Pins are discussed above.
• Another thing to mention here is that before working on hardware, you should first design its Proteus Simulation.
• Download Arduino Library for Proteus and then design your project on it.
• Once you are confirmed that everything's correct then design its circuitry on Wero Board or PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and you have your project ready. :)

The tutorial Introduction to ATmega328 has the presented a detailed discussion on the basic use of ATmega 328. I have completely provided the entire necessary details about the use of an AVR micro-controller. If you have any problems, you can ask us in the comments anytime. Our team is always here to help you guys. I will share other amazing topics with all of you in my upcoming tutorials. So, till then take care :)

Introduction to LM335

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to share my knowledge about Introduction to LM335. LM 335 is basically an Integrated Circuit (IC) for precise temperature sensor. LM-335 operates on a current range 400uA-5mA having resistance less than 1 ohm. At 10mV/K, its absolute temperature becomes directly proportional to the breakdown voltage. LM-335 operates as two terminal zener diode. At the temperature ranging from -40 degree Celsius to 100 degree Celsius, LM 335 can be used for each type of temperature sensing purposes. This device is available in different dimensions and in different sizes. LM-335 is most commonly available in the market due to its unique features including e.g. large temperature range, cost effectiveness, low dynamic resistance, initial accuracy up to 1 degree Celsius. LM-335 can be used at several different places. Its applications include Heat Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC), power supplies, battery management systems, home appliances, embedded systems etc. The further detail about LM-335 will be given later in this tutorial. [otw_is sidebar=otw-sidebar-7]

Introduction to LM335

LM335 is a low cost temperature sensor and gives highly precised results. It operates as a two terminal zener diode. It has low dynamic impedance less than 1 ohms. It has a large range for temperature i.e. -40 degree Celsius to 100 degree Celsius. At 10mV/K its breakdown voltage becomes directly proportional to its absolute temperature. large temperature ranges, initial accuracy up to 1 degree Celsius and low dynamic impedance are its major and unique features. It can be used in HVAC, home appliances, power supplies etc. LM-335 is shown in the figure given below.

1. LM335 Pins

• LM 335 has total three (3) pins made up of steel, at the bottom side of the structure.
• Its pins are listed in the table shown in the figure below.

2. LM335 Pins Description

• Each pin has carries functions.
• LM-355 pins along with its description are listed in the figure below.

3. LM335 Pinout

• Pinout diagram basically helps us to understand the pin configurations of any device.
• LM 335 pinout diagram is shown in the figure below.

4. LM335 Pins

• DIfferent packages of a device shows its different versions.
• LM 335 has three different packages, shown in the table given below.

5. LM335 Packages Dimensions

• Each packages has its own different dimension.
• LM-335 packages dimensions are listed in the figure below.

6. LM335 Symbolic Representation

• Symbolic representation shows the symbol theoretically used for a device.
• LM-335 symbolic representation is shown in the figure below.

7. LM335 Simple Temperature Sensor

• A simple temperature sensor circuit using LM 335 is presented in the figure shown below.

• There is a resistance between voltage supply and LM-335.

8. LM335 Calibrated Temperature Sensor

• A calibrated temperature sensor circuit using LM 335 is shown in the figure below.

9. LM335 Ratings

• LM 335 current, power and voltage ratings are shown in the figure below.

• Ratings of a device displays the power requirement of a device.

10. LM335 Features

• A device can be differentiated fro the other devices on the basis of its unique features.
• LM 335 major features are shown in the figure below.

11. LM335 Applications

• LM-335 has a lot of real life applications.
• Some of the major LM 335 applications are listed in the table shown below.

The tutorial Introduction to LM335 has elaborated the entire important discussion about the basic use of the temperature sensor i.e. LM-335. Almost each necessary step is included in this discussion. If something is missing, please let me know. So, that I can update the article. I will share different other IC's in my upcoming tutorials. So, til then take care :)

Introduction to UC3843

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. I am going to give you the detailed discussion about Introduction to UC3843 today. UC 843 is basically a current mode Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller having fixed frequency. It is basically designed for DC to DC converter purposes as well as off line applications and it requires minimum external components. UC-3843 has three different packages which will be explained later. UC-3843 has several different features which make it ideal and useful for a lot of real life applications. These features may include trimmed oscillator for the control of accurate duty cycle, high gain amplifier and to control power MOSFET, there is a high current totem-pole output. Moreover, some other features include temperature compensated reference and current sensing. UC 3843 can be used at several different places e.g.in switching regulators having any of the polarities as well as in transformer coupled DC to DC converters. The further detail about UC-3843 will be given later in this tutorial.

Introduction to UC3843

UC3843 is basically a current mode Pulse Width Modulation controller. It is specially designed for DC to DC converters and off line application purposes. This device performs its tasks with minimal requirement of external components to avoid complexity. It is most common due to its unique features including current sensing, high gain amplifiers, high current totem-pole out for the control of MOSFET. UC-3843 can be used in transformer coupled DC to DC converters etc. UC-3843 is shown in the figure given below.

1. UC3843 Pins

• UC-3843 has eight (8) input and output pins, four pins are on left side and the other four on the right side of the IC.
• UC 3843 all pins are given in the table shown in the figure below.

2. UC3843 Pins Description

• We can not use any device until we do not know about the functions of each and every pin.
• So, I have provided the function associated with each of the individual pin, in the table shown below.

3. UC3843 Pinout

• Pin configurations are very much necessary to understand in order to properly operate a device.
• UC-3843 pinout diagram is presented in the figure given below.

4. UC3843 Packages

• Packages are usually used to denote the different versions or models of the same device.
• UC-3843 has three different packages, I have provided all of its packages in the table shown in the figure below.

5. UC3843 Packages Dimensions

• The size of each model is kept different from each other in order to differentiate them easily.
• All the packages of UC 3843 along with their dimensions are given in the table shown in the figure below.

6. UC3843 Amplification Circuit

• We can perform amplification tasks by using the PWM controller named as UC 3843. The design of amplification circuit using UC-3843 is shown in the figure below.

7. UC3843 Ratings

• To know about the amount of necessary parameters e.g power, voltage and current.
• UC 3843 ratings are listed in the figure shown below.

8. UC3843 Features

• Features are one of the most important features that can make a device popular, if they are unique.
• UC 3843 main features are listed in the figure shown below.

9. UC3843 Applications

• A device, most of the time is known on the basis of its applications and they play a vital role in its market.
• UC-3843 some of the common applications are provided in the table shown in the figure below.

The Tutorial Introduction to UC3843 has basically focused on the basic use of the UC 3843 PWM controller. The parameters like pins, pins configurations, packages & their dimensions, ratings, features and application are focused. I hope that this tutorial will prove itself to be an informative article for you. If find something unclear or missing, please let me know, I will immediately update it so it could help more users. I will share further informative topics with you, in my upcoming tutorials. So, till then take care :)

Introduction to LM311

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I will share the details discussion on Introduction to LM311. LM 311 is basically a voltage comparator having high speed. It can operate over wide ranges of voltage i.e. from -15V to15V, in case of operational amplifier. LM-311 can also operate on 5V for the logic systems. LM-311 output levels has the compatibility with Transistor Transistor Logic (TTL) levels circuits. At 50mA and at 50V too, LM-311 can operate lamps and relays. LM 311 can operate from 0 degree Celsius to 70 degree Celsius. LM-311 has several different features. These features include fast response time, strobe capability, wide voltage supply ranges, maximum input current, operating at single 5V power supply ranges, low power consumption, large input differential voltages etc. Several different applications are associated with LM 311 IC. These applications may include peak detectors, personal computers, white goods, building automation, body control modules etc. The further detail about LM-311 will be given later in this tutorial. [otw_is sidebar=otw-sidebar-7]

Introduction to LM311

LM311 is a voltage comparator with high speed. It is able to perform tasks over a large range of voltages. Its output levels are compatible with MOS circuits. Relays and lamps can be controlled by LM 311 when it is operating at 50V and 50mA as well. LM-311 has a lot of features like low power consumption, wide operating voltages, strobe capability, maximum input response time. It can be used in building automation, personal computers, white goods, embedded systems etc. LM-311 is shown in the figure below.

1. LM311 Pins

• LM 311 has total eight pins, 4 on left side and 4 on the right side of the IC.
• These pins are provided in the table shown in the figure below.

2. LM311 Pins Description

• Each pins is assigned with the different task to be performed by the IC.
• The tasks assigned to each of the pin are listed in the table shown in the figure below.

3. LM311 Pinout

• Before using any device, we must know about its pin configurations.
• We can understand pin configurations from the pinout diagram of that particular device.
• LM-311 pinout diagram is shown in the figure given below.

4. LM311 Packages

• The different models of a device are usually know as its packages, used to differentiate the latest products as compared to the earlier.
• LM 311 has five different models which are given in the table shown in the figure given below.

5. LM311 Packages Dimensions

• Every package is assigned with different dimensions in order to differentiate them easily.
• LM-311 all packages are given in the table shown in the figure below.

6. LM311 Symbolic Representation

• Symbolic representation of any electronic device shows the internal structure of that particular device.
• LM 311 symbolic representation is shown in the figure below.

7. LM311 Schematic

• Schematic diagram helps us to understand the internal functions of an equipment.
• LM 311 schematic diagram is displayed in the figure shown below.

8. LM311 Ratings

• Power requirements of a device are necessary to estimate for its proper operation.
• LM-311 all types of ratings are listed in the table shown in the figure given below.

9. LM311 Features

• A device can be considered a ideal on the basis of its amazing as well as unique feature from all other such devices.
• LM 311 features are provided in the table given in the figure shown below.

10. LM311 Applications

• On industrial scale any device is recognized from its applications, so applications play a vital role in the importance of any device.
• LM-311 major and most common applications are provided in the table shown below.

In this tutorial Introduction to LM311, I have tried my best to cover all the necessary information about the basic use of LM 311, which include its pins along with configuration, its symbolic representation, ratings, features, applications and a lot more. I hope you have enjoyed this article and will appreciate my effort to do that. It will boost me up to do better better in future. Information about many other IC's will be provided in my later tutorials. So till then take care and bye :)

Introduction to LM224

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I will provide you document on detailed discussion about Introduction to LM224. LM-224 has four internal builtin operational amplifiers. These amplifiers are frequency compensated. The basic purpose to design these type of device is to operate it from a single power supply sources. Moreover, they are also able to perform different tasks using split power supplies. Magnitude of power supply and the current current drain both are independent of each other. LM-224 has a very wide range of application areas which include DC gain blocks, transducer amplifiers etc. LM 224 has a large number of amazing features include wide power supply ranges, large bandwidth, low input offset voltage, low input biasing current, common mode input voltage includes ground as well, high voltage output swing and many others. LM 224 also has a very wide range of real life applications. LCD and digital TV's, digital multi-meters, oscilloscope, weigh scales, DVD recorders, DVD players, chemical sensors, gas sensors, temperature sensors etc are the most common examples of the applications of LM-224 integrated circuit. The further detail about LM-224 will be provided later in this article.

Introduction to LM224

There are 4 internal operational amplifiers in LM224 IC. These amplifiers are internally frequency compensated. They are cable of operating using both single power supply sources as well as split power supply sources. It is the most common device due to its excellent features including low cost and high performance parameters. It features include large bandwidth, low input offset voltage and current, low input bias current etc. It can be used in LCD TV's, multi-meters, temperature sensors and a lot more. LM-224 is shown in the figure given below.

1. LM224 Pins

• LM-224 has total fourteen (14) pins, each single pin has different functionality.
• The names of all the pins are provided in the table shown in the figure given below.

2. LM224 Pins Description

• LM-224 each single pin has different functionality.
• The description of each pin is provided in the table shown in the figure given below.

3. LM224 Pinout

• We can get information about pins configurations of any device using its pinout diagram.
• LM-224 pinout diagram is shown in the figure given below.

4. LM224 Packages

• If a device has its different models, they can be denoted by its packages.
• LM-224 packages are given in the table shown below.

5. LM224 Packages Dimensions

• Each package is provided with a different dimension.
• LM-224 packages with different dimensions are given in the table below.

6. LM224 Symbolic Diagram

• If we want to view the internal structure of any device, we must look at its symbolic representation.
• LM 224 symbolic diagram is shown in the figure given below.

7. LM224 Ratings

• The current, power & voltage requirement of a device can be estimated through its ratings.
• LM-224 ratings are listed in the table shown in the figure given below.

8. LM224 Features

• We can judge the performance of any device on the basis of its features.
• LM 224 basic features are provided in the table shown in the figure below.

9. LM224 Applications

• LM 224 has several different applications associated wit the real life.
• Some of the applications are listed in the table shown in the figure below.

In the tutorial Introduction to LM224 I have provided the basic information about LM 224 IC. I hope you enjoyed the tutorial. If ypu find any problem you can ask us in comments anytime. I will share other topics in my upcoming tutorials. Till then take care :)