The Engineering Projects

What is Electronic Engineering? Branches, Scope, Jobs, Salary and Courses

Hello Friends! I hope you are doing well. Today, we are going to discuss a very comprehensive branch of engineering named "Electronic Engineering". We will cover the following content: Branches' of Electronic Engineering, electronic engineering vs electrical engineering, electronic engineering jobs, electronic engineering salary, electronic engineering courses, electronic engineering degree, final year project ideas of electronic engineering and top electronic engineers & their contribution. Trust me; this is going to be very informative. So let's get started! Electronics engineering is actually a sub-field of electrical engineering, but a broad field itself and further divided into various sub-fields such as analog electronics, consumer electronics, digital electronics embedded electronic systems and power electronics. Don't worry, we will also discuss these branches of electronic engineering briefly in this article. But here, let's start from the very basic what is Electronic Engineering?

What is Electronic Engineering?

• Electronic Engineering(sub-branch of Electrical Engineering) deals with the designing & developing of electronics circuits/systems using electronics components i.e. semiconductors(transistors, diodes etc.), integrated chips(ULN2003, CD4050 etc.), logic gates etc.
• Although Electronics Engineering was initially derived from Electrical Engineering but it has quickly established itself as Major Engineering Branch.
• Now-a-days, new engineering branches are getting derived from Electronics engineering i.e. Embedded Systems.
• Electronics has revolutionized technology as electronics devices are small-sized and highly efficient.

History of Electronics Engineering

After the revolution of Electrical Engineering, world was introduced with electrical devices i.e. radio, printers, televisions etc. The manufacturing process of these electrical devices was normally divided into three sections, which were:

1. Mechanical: The designing of mechanical box to encapsulate everything.
2. Electrical: Designing of electrical power supply circuits, which normally involved transformers, capacitors, inductors etc.
3. Electronics: Designing of electronic circuits to perform smart operations i.e. turning power on/off, controlling IR remote etc.

Initially, these electronics circuit designing was the job of electrical engineers but later on, it seemed necessary to consider it as a separate branch and eventually around 1950 electronics engineering emerged as a new engineering field. Now-a-days, electronics engineering is enlisted in almost every engineering university.

Electronic engineering VS electrical engineering

As I mentioned in above section, Electrical engineering deals with the power management i.e. grid station, transmission lines, power generation, power conversions(AC to DC or vice versa) etc. So, in simple words, everything involved with electricity supply comes under electrical engineering. It could be a power supply to a simple computer or designing of a power grid itself. While Electronics engineering deals with the designing of smart circuits or kits, specifically designed for performing smart fixed operations. Let's understand the difference with the example of a simple general purpose computer/laptop, it's power supply is designed by an electrical engineer while its circuits/chips(i.e. RAM, ROM, processor etc.) are designed by electronics engineer.

Branches of Electronic Engineering

There are many branches of electronic engineering. In this section, I will discuss them briefly for your better understanding.

1. Signal processing

This branch of electronic engineering deals with the evaluation and analysis of signals. There are two kinds of signals; analog and digital. In analog signaling, the main concern is amplification of audio signals using different equipment. Whereas, digital signaling involves the checking and correction of error in the system.

2. Telecommunications engineering

It mainly focuses on the proper transmission systems of information using different communication devices (e.g. transceiver). They usually work on the strength of signals, make them strong enough to communicate well without any hindrance. This is also known as electronics and telecommunication engineering, deals with IT, computer and networking. They also find jobs in the air and space companies to get information. They are also responsible for checking aircraft communication n and navigation system proper functioning before the flight. Their works are in various firms and organization involve in air and space.

3. Electromagnetics

This branch provides insight study about the wireless and wired signals transmission channels.  Such as the key focuses are on electromagnetic waves, Transmission Lines and Waveguides, Antennas, their types and uses with microwave and radio frequency waves.

4. Control engineering

This branch of electronic engineering has broad uses in airplane companies and automation industries.

5. Instrumentation engineering

These engineers work on the designing and manufacturing of physical quantity measurement devices. Such as temperature measurement, pressure, flow, etc. They have a very deep understanding of physics principles.

6. Computer engineering

This is one of the key branch of electronic engineering, mainly working on complex computer systems. They also design novel computer software and hardware and enhance the use of computers in the industries.

Electronics engineering jobs

Today, Electronics engineering is considered one of the most rewarding career choices. Their main responsibilities are to design, develop, maintain, and properly install electrical devices in specific industries (commercial industries, medical field, or military). Further, they analyze what the customer needs, and then calculate the cost and efficiency to fulfil the plan. They are responsible for communication signals and lighting systems in businesses, homes or other firms. They gets hired from different fields for example:

• Electronics design and development.
• Telecommunications.
• Automation industries.
• Consumer products electronic engineering
• Medical electronics.
• Manufacturing engineering.
• Broadcast.
• Research & development.
• Aeronautical electronics.
• Defense electronic engineering.

Electronics engineer salary

The demand for electronic engineers holding an academic electronic engineering degree from well-known institutes has increased a lot in the market. Let’s me tell you the estimated annual salary of the most common job of electronic engineering

• The annual salary for Instruments manufacturing, navigational, electromedical, measuring and control systems electronic engineers is $114,260.
• Those electronic engineers working under federal government projects (e.g. postal service) are paying an annual salary of $112,870.
• Further, the annual salary of electronic engineers responsible for the manufacturing of semiconductors and many other electronic components is $106,240.
• Electronic engineers in telecommunication systems are earning an annual salary of about $98,600.

So this is all about the most electronic engineer’s jobs and salaries. I hope you have understood very well the branches of electronic engineers and their scope in the market. This will be going to help you in your future.

Electronics engineering courses

Now you are well aware that every university has its own curriculum, but there are some major subjects taught by every electronic engineer to get an electronic engineering degree. I have enlisted below; have a look.

Mathematics	Electronic Communication
Physics	Electronics Engineering
Electrical Engineering	Electronic Measurements
Digital Systems	Applied Communication Skills
Applied Communication Skills	Electronic Communication
Computer and Programming Skills	Design Project
EDL	Radio Engineering
Applied Calculus	Microwave Communication
Introduction to Electronics	Software Engineering
Electrical Engineering	Management
Digital Systems	Electronic Applications
Applied Communication Skills	Industrial El
Digital Communication	Power Electronics

Electronic Engineering projects

If you are a student of electronic engineering and want to get the degree, you must be thinking about your final year project ideas. Do you? A good and unique final year project can help you a lot in your future as well. So, here are some suggestions and top discussed issues in the field of electronic engineering. I really want to share these ideas with you for your help in your final year project to earn an electronic engineering degree.

• You can design a more efficient solar system for home use
• Robotic Arm for those who are interested in automation
• Developed any smart energy projects
• Digital signaling processors using python
• Novel designing of circuits or integrated circuits
• Innovation in the traffic lighting system
• Design & developed weather monitoring equipment
• The tracking system in the vehicle
• Automated home appliances
• Radar communication system
• The invention of high dimensional smart cameras.

Thus, these are the latest project ideas for you. I hope you have got an idea for your final year project for electronics engineering. Let me tell you another important thing here. What are the main steps you have to follow in developing your final year project successfully?

• First; you have to design the initial concept of what you think
• Developed this design
• Testing of this initial developed design
• If it is efficient then start developing the final design
• If not, then after trial make suitable changes in your design
• Final design testing and analysis
• Introduced it into the market and check the popularity

Top universities offer an Electronic Engineering degree

There are so many universes offering electronic engineering degrees all over the world. I am going to enlist some top universities below. Check it out!

Harvard University	Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
University of Oxford	Washington University in St Louis
Stanford University	Wuhan University
Massachusetts Institute of Technology	Texas A&M University
University of California, Berkeley	Macau University of Science and Technology
University of Cambridge	Politecnico di Milano
California Institute of Technology	University of Waterloo
Princeton University	Harbin Institute of Technology
ETH Zurich	Aalborg University
Peking University	National University of Singapore

Best Electronic Engineering Books of all Times

1. Next Generation HALT and HASS

HALT (highly accelerated life test) AND HASS (highly accelerated stress screen) are the novel paradigm methodology-based techniques to check the reliability of electronic devices. The author explains these equines in this book. So if you want to work on these techniques, I strongly recommend this book.

2. Integration of Renewable Sources of Energy

This is the all-time challenging task in electric engineering to develop energy from renewable sources. Now novels techniques have been using such as bounds and leaps in generating energy from fossil fuel or nuclear energy sources. This book is all about understanding with practicing techniques related to renewable energy sources.

3. Digital Electronics, Volume 3

If you are working on developing a digital electronic device for your final year project, this is a must-read book for you. It teaches you all the basic guides about electronic equipment designing and basic principles to developing them. The author provides insight into the circuit and its types such as a combinational logic circuit as well as a sequential logic circuit. So I found these books on electronic engineering most interesting. But there are so many other books I want to recommend here. These books can provide you complete guidance during your electronic engineering degree.

• Elements of Power Electronics.
• Portable Electronics Product Design & Development.
• Low-Power Electronics Design.
• Handbook for Electronics Engineering Technicians.
• Advanced Electric Drive Vehicles.
• Design of Brushless Permanent-Magnet Motors.
• Integrated Electronics.
• Electrical and Electronics Reference Manual for the Electrical and Computer PE Exam.
• Basic Electronics.
• Learning the Art of Electronics.
• Electronic Design Automation for Integrated Circuits Handbook.
• A Dictionary of Electronics and Electrical Engineering.
• Electrical and Electronic Principles and Technology.
• Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Systems and Smart Grid.

Popular Electronic Engineers & their Contribution

To understand any branch of engineering, you must know about the popular engineers and their contribution in that field. That's why, I think its important to tell you about some top electronic engineers and their inventions here.

1	William Gilbert	He was one of the popular English scientists during the time of Queen Elizabeth. He completely changes the word electrics through his ideas. He did great work on static electricity and magnetism. He was the first who invented the term electric force and magnetic poles.
2	Benjamin Franklin	He is considered the master of electricity, has remarkable contributions to electricity. He proved that electricity and lighting are the same through experimental work on it. He also invented the lighting rod. Discovered the law of conservation and positive & negative charges identification.
3	Luigi Galvani	He has a great contribution to the field of bio electromagnetism. He did an incredible experiment with a dead frog’s leg muscles and work on signals and electrical patterns from nerves, tissues and muscles.
4	Charles-Augustin de Coulomb	He discovered two famous theories about the attractive and repulsive forces between charged bodies. He also explains the inverse square law as well as worked on conductors & dielectrics.
5	Alessandro Volta	He had great inventions in electronics engineering branch, discovered a reliable battery. Explains electromagnetism and the uses of electricity.

Some other popular electronic engineers are:

Lawrence A. Hyland	Caroline Haslett
Kees Schouhamer Immink	Oliver Heaviside
Konrad Zuse	Oskar Heil
Fleeming Jenkin	Heinrich Rudolf Hertz
Kristina M. Johnson	Hertzian waves
Johann Dirry	Peter Cooper Hewitt
James Clarke Maxwell	William Hewlett
Edith Clarke	Godfrey Hounsfield
Michael Faraday	Edwin J. Houston
Steve Wozniak	John Hopkinson

I hope this article will help you to get deep understand about electronic engineering, its branches, jobs & salaries, popular electronic engineering books and famous electronic engineers of all times. Moreover, I have also shared some ideas about final year project of electronic engineering. So check it out. Good Luck!

What is Electrical Engineering? Popular Fields, Major Courses, Scope, Jobs and Salary

Hello friends, I hope you are having a good time. In today's tutorial, I am going to discuss detailed information about what is Electrical Engineering? We will cover the following contents; Electrical Engineering fields, major & minor courses, Scope, Jobs, Salary, famous electrical engineers & their contributions and top universities that offer Electrical Engineering degrees.

Before further discussing our topic, let me ask you a question. Did you ever imagine your life without electricity? We can’t, right? That’s why, I always find electrical engineering, including its FE Electrical aspect, the most developed and broad field of engineering, provides thousands of job opportunities in different companies. For example, from smartphones to power generation houses, companies everywhere require electrical engineers. Are you also interested in the development and design of electrical devices? Then, I’m sure this tutorial is for you.

Now, let’s come to the point: what is Electrical Engineering?

What is Electrical Engineering?

• Electrical engineering (the engineering discipline) deals with the production & distribution of electricity as well as designing & developing complex electrical systems.
• Electrical engineering also involves the term electronics engineering, deals with electronic circuits (i.e. transistors, integrated circuits etc.), While the electrical engineers work with high power generation.
• Electrical engineers gets highly paid jobs in renewable energy projects, lighting & transport systems, power production & transmission etc.

Major courses of Electrical Engineering

Every university has a different curriculum but there are some major subjects, common in almost every electrical engineering syllabus. Let's discuss them out:

1. Electrical Machines: This subject is all about AC and DC motors and generators.
2. Power Systems: This subject teaches you about generation & distribution of electricity from Power house.
3. Control System: In this subject, you will learn about how to control, manage and regulate the electrical system and devices using various control loops.
4. Basic Electronics & communication subjects: This course will focus on analog & digital communications and electronic circuit.
5. Network Theory/Signal: This course focuses on teaching you the basic electrical principles.

Some other major subjects are:

• Introduction to Engineering.
• Basic electronics.
• Power Engineering.
• Electrical Machines theory.
• Circuit Theory.
• Computer Architecture.
• Non-conventional energy.
• Electrical installations.
• Electrical machines drawing.
• Power Circuits and Systems.
• Electrical control system.
• Digital Systems.
• Electrical lighting..
• Microprocessor Applications.
• Electric Circuits.
• Microprocessor.
• Principles of Programming.
• Switch gears and protection.
• Electromagnetics.
• Electrical instruments & materials.
• Signals and Systems.
• Microelectronic Circuits.
• Communication Systems.

Minor courses of Electrical Engineering

Minor courses also depend on university or also the choice of students. Let’s discuss some common minor courses choose by electrical engineering students.

Minor Courses of Electrical Engineering
Logic Design	Dynamic System Theory
Signals & Systems	Introduction to Learning from Data
Control Systems	Stochastic Processes
Electronics	Wireless Communication
Analog Electronics	Digital Communication
Machine Learning	Digital Signal Processing
Communication Systems	Introduction to Information Theory
Electrical Energy Systems	Speed Processing
Electromagnetics	Digital Image Processing & Communication
Physics of Semiconductor Devices	Computational Optical Imaging
Deep Learning	Optical Fibers and Waveguides
Optimization Theory and Methods	Introduction to Subsurface Imaging
Sustainable Power Systems	Lasers and Applications
Introduction to Biomedical Optics	Computational Methods (Materials Science)
Optical Spectroscopic Imaging	Solar Energy Systems
Introduction to Photonics	Physics of Semiconductor Materials
Engineering Optics	Semiconductor Devices
Electromagnetic Fundamentals	Electronic Optical & Magnetic Properties of Materials
Fabricating Technology for Integrated Circuits	Analog VLSI (Circuit Design)
Nano & Micro-Electronic Devices Technology	Analog Design Fundamentals

Branches of Electrical Engineering

Let’s find out some popular fields of electrical engineering and briefly discuss them.

1. Power and energy

Let me tell you, this field of electrical engineering, mainly deals with the generation and transmission of electricity on large scale.  Further, this is also working on the manufacturing of electrical generators, electrical motors and transformers. They also focus on the projects under governments such as power grid.

2. Automation and control

This field is actually all about developing, controlling different complex systems as well as controllers, and is responsible for their proper functioning. To design such controllers, they take helps form electrical engineers. The control engineers have all over in the airliners as well as in the modern automobile companies.

They also work in designing robotics using control algorithms.

3. Electronics

Electronic engineers are focusing on the designing of integrated electronic circuits & their components, transistors, capacitors, resistors, diodes and many more.

4. Microelectronics and nanoelectronics

They deal with the fabrication and designing of micro size electronic circuits components; such as semiconductor transistors.

5. Signal processing

They are working on the analysis techniques and testing of communication signals. It may be analog signals or digital signals.

In the case of analog signals, the signal processing mainly relates to amplification and filtering for telecommunications. Besides, In digital signals, signal processing involves in compression, detection of error & correction of error.

6. Telecommunications

They focus on the communication channels in space through coax cable, optical fiber or free space.

Some other popular fields of electrical engineering are:

• Radio-frequency engineering.
• Electronics.
• Systems engineering.
• Computer engineering.
• Photonics.
• Telecommunications.
• Signal processing.
• Power engineering.
• Optics.
• Instrumentation.

Electrical Engineering jobs and salaries

We have already discussed the fields of electrical engineering. According to BLS, mostly electrical engineers getting hired by research & development companies and popular engineering industries. Moreover, the federal government and other manufacturing industries are also interested in young electrical engineers. Electrical engineers generally worked indoors in any company, but the experienced & senior engineers may also get the position of just visiting sites. The manufacturing industries hired electrical engineers are:

• Defense.
• Marine.
• Commercial construction.
• Computers & components.
• Automotive.
• Lighting.
• Aerospace.
• Consumer electronics.
• Telecommunications & traffic control.
• Railroad.

There are also government departments, offer employments to electrical engineers in national laboratories, transportation departments as well as in the military. As you are well aware, each company has its own qualification criteria for job. Some firms need bachelor degree in electrical engineering.  But a master degree will enhance the chance of promotion and salary. Most importantly, most famous companies require the certificate from good institutes such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers or Institution of Engineering and Technology. Let’s talk about the estimated salary of an electrical engineer. In 2014, the estimate salary range of a bachelor degree holding electrical engineer was $55,570 to $73,908 according to research. The electrical engineers holding master degree with 5-10 years experience were paid with $$74,007 to $108,640. Additionally, a senior engineer with 15 years of experience with a doctorate degree was getting $97,434 to $138,296 salary. This is amazing; isn’t it?

What are the Key Skills of Electrical Engineering?

Common skills gained with an electrical engineering degree include:

• Develop a strong numeracy.
• Provides basic IT skills.
• Technical expertise.
• Self-management (such as planning & meeting deadlines).
• Allow to design and analyze technical diagrams.
• Teach how to do Team work & communication skills.
• Allow the flexibility.
• Make you able to identify and solve problems.
• Budgeting.
• Professional communication, spoken and written.
• Data analysis.
• Deeply understanding about how to deal with high electrical power systems & safety regulations.
• Provide awareness of other stuff; such as business and environmental issues.

Top reasons why you should choose Electrical Engineering?

1. Job opportunities

The famous companies all over the world are hiring young electrical engineers, give then good training with a great salary package. That’s why I think, this is one the most valued profession.

2. Bright job offers from abroad

Getting an electrical engineering degree, means you have a lot of job opportunities all around the world. A lot of technical firms are willing to hire people from other countries. Well! I must say, you will have a bright future ahead.

3. Other specialized fields

It may seem like doing an electrical engineering means you are just going to deal with electricity. But, the truth is, you will definitely have chances to learn about other specialization fields such as;

• Signal Processing.
• Power Engineering.
• Telecommunications.
• Microelectronics.
• Control Systems.
• Radio-Frequency Engineering.

4. Get chance to study top universities

Getting a degree from a well-known university has a strong impact on your future. Many companies also hire stud nets graduates from good universities. There are so many famous universities offering this degree bachelor as well as master throughout the world. These universities not only provide you high level engineering skills but also groom your personality. Let me enlist some top universities of 2021.

• University of Portsmouth; U.K.
• Chalmers University of Technology; Sweden
• University of Birmingham; U.K.
• University of Leeds; U.K.
• University of Colorado Denver; U.S.
• University of Twente (UT); Netherlands
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
• University of California; Berkeley.
• California Institute of Technology.
• Georgia Institute of Technology.
• Stanford University.
• University of California; Berkeley.
• California Institute of Technology.
• University of Illinois; Urbana, Champaign.
• Georgia Institute of Technology.
• University of Texas; Austin (Cockrell)
• Carnegie Mellon University.
• University of Michigan; Ann Arbor.
• Tsinghua University; China
• Harbin Institute of Technology; China
• Aalborg University; Denmark
• Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
• Southeast University; China
• National University of Singapore; Singapore
• University of Technology Sydney; Australia
• Zhejiang University; China
• University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; China
• Huazhong University of Science and Technology; China

Popular Electrical Engineers and their Contributions

There are so many great electrical engineers who contributed in this field. Let's discuss a few of them for your better understanding with electrical engineering.

Popular Electrical Engineers of all Times
No.	Name	Contributions
1	Otto A. Knopp	He is the founder of standard transformers testing as well as compensation winding.
2	A. K. Erlang	He worked on communication signals and queuing.
3	Alan Blumlein	He was one of the greatest electrical engineer invented telecommunications, radar system, stereo, television and sound recording.
4	Albert H. Taylor	Was the first engineers, demonstrated the radar.
5	Alec Reeves	He was the inventor of pulse coding & modulation.
6	Alfred Rosling Bennett	He discovered the electric lighting & telephones.
7	Alessandro Volta	He invented electrical battery.
8	André Blondel	He worked on oscillography and give electrical machine theory.
9	Andy Bechtolsheim	He has contribution in the invention of sun Microsystems
10	Arnold Orville Beckman	Discovered pH meter, Beckman Instruments and Silicon Valley.
11	Hugo Hirst	He was the co-founder of General Electric Company plc.
12	Bern Dibner	He is the founder of Burndy Co., electrical connectors,

I want to enlist some more famous electrical engineers.

Charles Frederick Burgess	William Duddell
Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton	Allen B. DuMont
John Renshaw Carson	J. Presper Eckert
James Kilton Clapp	Thomas Edison
Edith Clarke	Cyril Frank Elwell
Lynn Conway	Douglas Engelbart
Seymour Cray	Justus B. Entz
Sidney Darlington	Lloyd Espenschied
Lee de Forest	Federico Faggin
Jack Dennis	Michael Faraday

Popular books of Electrical Engineering

There are a vide variety of books about electrical engineering.  A good book about this field will better help you to understand it. Here are some book, I want to recommended.

• Automation and Robotics.
• Introduction to Electronic Engineering.
• Essential Engineering Mathematics.
• Introduction to Power Electronics.
• Electronic Measurements: Exercises and Assignments.
• Electrical Power.
• Control Engineering Problems with Solutions.
• Concepts in Electric Circuits.
• Nuclear Powered Generation of Electricity.
• Three Phase Electrical Circuit Analysis.
• Essential Electromagnetism: Solutions.
• Electromagnetism for Electronic Engineers.
• Advanced Topics in Electrodynamics.
• Fundamental Engineering Optimization Methods.
• Essential Electromagnetism.
• An Introduction to Nonlinearity in Control Systems.
• CMOS Integrated Circuit Simulation with LTspice.
• Electric Drive Dimensioning and Tuning.
• Essential Electrodynamics: Solutions.
• Introduction to Digital Signal and System Analysis.
• Thermal Modelling of Electric Machines.
• Essential Electrodynamics.

I hope this article helps you to better understand electrical engineering, its scope, fields, popular books and top electrical engineers & their contribution.