The Engineering Projects

What Is The Best Online Essay Writing Service?

Hello everyone, I hope you are doing great. In today's tutorial, I am going to discuss What Is The Best Online Essay Writing Service? What does the phrase “successful essay writing” mean to you? Is it necessary to know what you are going to write and how to do a certain assignment? This article covers the essential aspects students should have in mind to write successfully. American students are usually optimistic about their college education until they face some obstacles. To illustrate, if you need to combine your work and study, or experience stress being away from home. Perhaps, your biggest struggle is writing essays? How to handle the stress with your writing assignments? Let's explore this topic! 

Best Online Essay Writing Service

The stress affects the way you act, perform other tasks and your life in general, and if you really have no energy to cope with everything, this professional essay writing service is ready to be your helping hand, so you’ll become more productive. This is the way to rule your life and become the one who calls the shots. You will be free from the essay writing routine. TimetoEssay.com is a great option to do things you want. You are free to choose whether to work on your rush essay yourself or to cooperate with the affordable online writing service in case you lack your time. Do you like the idea? Take a deep breath, relax and continue reading. As you’ve probably seen on the different Internet resources, there are a lot of writing services offering you to buy papers from the professional writers from the USA. But are they all so highly-rated as they seem to be? The real truth is that the majority of services don’t have the appropriate academic level and misguide students.  What’s so unique about TimetoEssay? This online essay writing service can handle any task - from easy high-school papers to the dissertation chapters or even the whole dissertation thesis can be done by the specific writer at a really cheap price. 

Essay Writing Service You Can Trust

It’s not surprising when students google “service to help me write my essay for money”. What exactly are they looking for? A lot of paid services aren’t good enough to meet the expectations of their clients. On the Internet, you’ve probably seen many companies using the same idea - to give you the resolution of your problems. Nevertheless, be attentive when choosing the company. A lot of such sites cannot satisfy their clients' needs. The choice is always yours – here are some basic features a top trustworthy service needs to have. 

• User-friendly interface, which is optimized to any device. Come on, it’s the 21st century! 
• Quick support team (online and telephone support) with a positive attitude;
• Trusted professional writers with proven experience; 
• Possibility to revise your paper for free;
• Proofreading and editorial services at your demand; 

• Wide range of disciplines on the site, the possibility to choose the recommended writer for each subject;
• Opportunity to read and check the best sample works on the site 
• Reliable online service which respects your privacy;
• Strict plagiarism-free policy. As a rule, each text is checked several times before the delivery; 
• Clear, safe and understandable payment system. 

Before Ordering an Essay

It’s not a shame for a student to ask for help. The dedicated team of TimetoEssay.com is online 24/7, eager to assist should you have any writing issues. Still in doubt? That’s a good sign! It means you realize the importance of making the right choice. Read all these features of good service, apply this check-list to other services you might come across to check them out. Good luck with your writing challenges!  Now you can choose the best writing easy services, this post will help you in selecting the best platform. If you have any question regarding this tutorial. Feel free to comment below. Thanks for stopping by and reading our article.

Why HP ENVY Printers Are So Popular

Hi Guys! I hope you are doing great. In today's tutorial, we are going to discuss why HP ENVY printers are so popular. HP is a world-renowned brand with a loyal following because they make tech that can be trusted. One of their most popular lines is the HP ENVY printer series that have dominated the market since they first were put on sale. We took some time to consider what it is about this HP printer that pleases consumers, and we were impressed by what we found out. Read on to see the main reasons why the HP ENVY series is a great choice.

Printer Cost

When you need a printer that can do it, all you are at risk of paying over the odds to get all the features you require. With an HP ENVY printer, you can tick all your boxes and still pay a low price as these printers are reliable, multi-functional and cheap. The best part is that included in the cost of the machine comes an aftercare system that cannot be beaten by the competition. There are online tutorials, forums, online chat and service desk support if anything goes wrong with your printer as HP know you need it to be connected at all times.

HP Cartridge Replacements

One of the downsides to HP is the cost of the ink; they are well known for charging over the odds for ink that runs out quickly. However, the upside is that because HP is a global brand, then compatible ink companies have made it their mission to come up with viable products that will save you money. One example is Smart Ink, an ink specialist company that prides itself on quality ink. When you purchase a compatible HP 62 XL with them, you will pay nearly 50% less than if you went with the HP cartridges. Compatible ink has come a long way, and printers now recognise these cartridges, so there is less stress when you are installing them.

Multifunction Capability

The HP ENVY series can do everything, and it does it well. Scan in your documents to be emailed, print copies of essential items that you don't want to lose, even print photos from it as well as the basic printing capabilities it holds. This printer means business, and it will work hard for you for as long as you have it in your home. Each HP ENVY has been made from a dedicated and knowledgeable team, and this line of printers shows no sign of losing popularity anytime soon. As you can see, the HP ENVY series offers excellent value and is a market leader in printing. It's great that it holds so many capabilities so that you can streamline the machines in your home and when it comes to the ink for HP printers you can get hold of great alternatives that will save you cash. HP has an impressive aftercare and troubleshooting system, so there should never be a time where you are left unable to print. We cannot recommend HP enough and feel that if consumers are keen to have a machine that will last, then HP is a great choice. I hope you have learned from this article that how it can help you in different ways. If you have any question related to this tutorial. Comment down below I am looking forward to hear from you.

Enhancing Home Security Through Electrical Engineering

Hi Guys! I hope you are doing great. In today's tutorial, I am going to tell you about enhancing home security through electrical engineering. And the Importance of enhancing the security of all home areas through electrical engineering. Underneath the sometimes chaotic surface, Pakistan has a burgeoning smart city scene that has led to the country becoming a member of the internationally recognized Smart Cities club. With Lahore as the exemplar in the region, this has nevertheless raised the question of security. As homes become ever more one with smart systems, digital-electrical conveniences and indeed the wider world, electrical engineering solutions are providing an inbuilt,  solid solution to security worries.

Protection Against Fire

As population swells and the amount of fully electrified homes has too, Pakistan has become a riskier place when it comes to fire and crime. According to the BBC, this has been shown by the record levels of railway accidents, due in part to outdated electrical systems and overuse of railway systems. These problems have a knock-on effect on the home, but electrical engineering and smart devices are providing a solution. According to American security experts  DSC, smart devices now allow total integration with security. What this means is that incidents can be reported automatically, and with smart house wiring utilized by the likes of Nest, signal the causes of fire or security break-ins before the incident has a chance to come to fruition. A fuse breaking without the circuit tripping, or a window being tried, are examples of problems that smart wiring can address.

Tackling Crime

Integrated circuits within the windows and walls of the home can provide a living, breathing ecosystem that fights against hazardous incidents. Crime is part of this solution, and the use of big data is helping to further improve efforts to keep the home and business out of harm’s way. Big data policing is already well underway in America and the UK,  according to Tech Crunch, and will have applications in the personal home. Risk identification can be seamlessly integrated into the home and the smart circuitry that powers it, providing insights into potential weaknesses and advice on how to shore them up and create a better, safer living situation for the family. Family comes first.

Shoring up Cybersecurity

As the very wiring of the home becomes smart-connected by default, this creates obvious holes for cybersecurity threats to move through. Indeed, studies have shown that Pakistan is one of the top 10 most targeted countries when it comes to cyber-attacks – and this includes both business and the home. Electrical engineering once again has a part to play. By using cybersecurity tools and techniques in the very basis of circuits within the home and business, this can provide an extra layer of security against would-be cyberattacks looking to either cause damage or gather private data. Smart technology is a wonderful part of the modern digital world that we all live in. It also presents risks in terms of fire, security and cybercrime. Using the advanced technology provided by modern circuitry and smart devices, homeowners can effectively defend themselves against the nascent threat while still making use of the full range of conveniences as they were designed. I hope you have learned from this article that how it can help you in tackling crime, protection against fire and so many more things. If you have any question regarding this post. Feel free to comment down below. Thank you so much for reading this tutorial. I hope we will see you soon in our new tutorial.

How to Install Solar Panels While living in Dorm

Hello friends, I hope you guys are doing great. In today's tutorial, we will have a look at How to Install Solar Panels While living in Dorm.  As global warming continues unchecked, the masses are becoming aware of the need for eco-friendly solutions. With numerous innovations at hand, it only takes a little effort to reduce our carbon footprint. The younger generations are much more aware of the impact of global warming and the need to become more environmentally friendly.  One way to effectively conserve energy is by using a clean, renewable source of energy, such as solar energy. Solar energy is an excellent way to reduce one’s carbon footprint, and numerous students are now turning to it to power their dorms.

Solar Panel Installation Guide

This Solar panel installation isn’t too complicated if you understand the technology behind it. However, the one issue that most students face is a lack of time. Students are often burdened with essay writing and papers and don’t get enough free time to themselves to be able to undertake personal projects like the installation of solar panels. If you feel like you’re burdened with more university work, than you can cope with, then you can always hire someone online to do your papers for you. You can pay such professionals a small amount to have the best articles or essays written for you. Ask any senior, and they will confidently tell you hiring someone online to do my research paper for me. Is a norm in university life.  If you do find the time, though, here are step-by-step instructions on how to install solar panels in your dorm room! However, before you start, make sure you take all safety precautions and enlist the help of a friend. You also have to take permission from authorities and fill out any necessary paperwork that may be involved.

Assess the Rooftop and build a Platform/mounting

For starters, it is essential to assess the site for the solar system installation. For a dorm room, this would usually be the rooftop of your building. You have to make sure that the roof receives adequate sunlight and has enough space for the solar panels. If you want to go the extra mile, then you can even get an engineer to assess the site for you.  After getting permission from the university, you can build a platform or mount on the rooftop of your building. Make sure the platform or mounting that you build for the solar panels is robust and firmly attached to the roof. While building the mounting, ensure that it is built in such a way that the solar panels face whichever direction gets them the maximum amount of light. The tilt angle of your solar panels should be decided according to the latitude of your location.

Installation of Solar Panels

Once the mounting structure is secured firmly to the rooftop, you can continue to assemble and mount the solar panels. You will be given a set of instructions with your solar panels that you are to follow while installing them.  Ensure that all of the solar panel's nuts and bolts have been appropriately attached so that the panels are correctly secured. Once the panels have been assembled and seem to be firmly connected and positioned, you can move on to the next step.

Wiring of the Solar Panels

Next, you have to wire the solar panels. Usually, MC4 connectors are used since they are universal connectors that can be connected with any solar panels. If you are connecting the solar panels in a series, then you have to connect the positive end of one module to the negative end of another module.  Series circuits increase the voltage and match it to the battery bank. If you are connecting the solar panels in a parallel connection, then you will join the positive end of one module to the positive end of another, and the negative end of one module, to the negative end of the other. A parallel circuit can maintain the voltage of each circuit. Install a grounding wire, which should be extended at least 6’ from the ground.

Connection b/w Solar Panel, Inverter and Battery

Establish a connection between the solar panel and the inverter first. You will have to have a safe and efficient conduit to transfer the wires from the outside to the inside. Once you have an established conduit, start connecting the wires of the solar panels to the inverter.  Connect the positive wire coming from the solar panel, with the positive terminal of the inverter, and connect the negative wire of the solar panel with the negative terminal of the inverter. If your solar panel system is off-grid, then you must install a battery to store backup power. Connect the battery to the inverter through heavy-duty battery cables.  Connect the positive terminal of the inverter to the positive terminal of the battery and then repeat the same steps for the negative terminal.

Check all Connections

If you have the solar system installed, check all the connections and cables to ensure everything has been connected correctly. You can get someone from the solar panel company to help with the installation or conduct a final check. Once everything is in order, you can use the solar panels to power your dorm.

Conclusion 

Numerous students are looking to use green energy to power their dorms. One such method is by using solar panels. These come in a variety of sizes and are relatively easy to install and work with.  However, most students don’t have the time to carry out such improvements for their dorms since they’re overburdened with work. In such cases, you can easily hire someone online and pay them a small amount to write an excellent essay or do your papers for you. If you have the time and capacity to install solar panels, though, you can follow our easy, step by step guide on how to install them yourself! Thanks for reading this tutorial, if you have a question regarding this article in your mind. You can comment below and ask us anything.

Introduction to JavaScript

Hello folks, I hope you are having a great day. Today, I am going to start this new tutorial series on JavaScript and here's our 1st tutorial titled Introduction to JavaScript. This is a beginner level tutorial series, where we will start from very basics & will slowly move towards complex concepts. If you're not a beginner or looking for secure development training or advanced tutorials, stay tuned, more training is coming. We can use any development Editor for running JavaScript and for this tutorial series, I will use Microsoft Visual Studio Code, which is free to use & you can download it from official site. You don't need to be an expert programmer, in order to learn JavaScript, but you must have some basic knowledge of HTML & CSS. So, let's get started with today's lecture:

What is JavaScript - A Quick Definition

• JavaScript ( initially named as LiveScript, officially named as ECMAScript ) is a client-side scripting language, developed by Brendan Eich in 1995 and is used to create interactive webpages and mostly used in game development.
• Before JavaScript, webpages were dull and has no way to interact with the user, as we had only server side languages ( php, java etc. ) at that time and in order to get any action done, we have to send request to the server.

• With JavaScript, now we can perform any complex task without refreshing the page, JavaScript works on client side that's why there's no need of page refreshing.
• You must have noticed on your Facebook / Twitter profile that they update automatically, that's because of JavaScript.
• As JavaScript is a client side language so it can't communicate directly with the server i.e. database or file system.
• JavaScript is normally confused with Java, but they are two entirely different languages, Java is server side complex language while JavaScript is a simple scripting language.

How to Run JavaScript Code?

• As I mentioned earlier, JavaScript is a client side scripting language, so we don't need any compiler or editor for running JavaScript.
• Instead, JavaScript is directly executed by the web Browsers, similar to HTML & CSS, which are also client side languages.
• When a user makes an HTTP request, then browser reads the webpage and along with HTML,CSS etc. it also finds the JS scripts and executes them.
• All modern browsers support JavaScript and you can enable / disable JavaScript in your browser's settings.
• Moreover, JavaScript works on almost all operating platforms i.e. Windows, Linux, Mac, Ubuntu etc.
• So, in order to run JavaScript, you can use any Programming Environment / Editor i.e. Sublime, Notepad++, Visual Studio Code etc.

Uses of JavaScript

So, now let's have a look at few uses / advantages of Javascript:

1. Developing Mobile Applications & Games.
2. Web Browser-based Games.
3. Add interaction to websites.
4. Back end web Development.
5. Rich interface for Applications and web pages.

How to Include a JavaScript Code in HTML WebPage

• As I have mentioned earlier, we don't need any editor to run or execute JavaScript. Instead, web browsers execute the JS code on their own.
• But question is, How web Browsers are going to recognize that its a JS code ??
• And the answer is, the code placed between <script> </script> tags will be treated as a JavaScript Code.
• There are two ways to include the JavaScript code in an HTML webpage, discussed as follows:

Embedding JavaScript Code directly in HTML Page

• When we add JavaScript directly in <body> tag of our HTML page, it is termed as Embedded JavaScript.
• In our HTML page, we can place JavaScript Code in the <script> </script> tags, as shown in the figure:
• You can see in the figure that I have added a simple JavaScript Code:

<script> alert(“I am learning JavaScript”);    </script>

• To run this code you have to add an extension. Go to the left side of visual studio and click on extension or press Ctrl + Shift + X buttons. 
• Afterwards, Search “Open in browser” and install the first file. Look below in the image for more detail.
• When your exertion is installed, now go back to your HTML file and press Alt + B.  It will run your code. 
• You will see something similar to below image, in your browser.
• This is a simple JavaScript alert message, displaying our content.

Include External JavaScript File in HTML WebPage

• If we add JavaScript Code directly in HTML page then it will make the code quite messy.
• So, it's always a best practice to create a separate file for JavaScript ( extension .js ) and then include this file in your webpage.
• By convention, If your JavaScript code is more than 10 lines, then it's better to add an external JavaScript file.
• It also reduces the code repetition i.e. if you are using your JS code for multiple pages.
• Let's see now, how to add an external JavaScript file:

Steps to Follow:

• Create a new file by pressing Ctrl + N and add  “alert("Introduction to JavaScript");”  content in this file. Save it with the name “Test.js”.
• As you can see on the right side in the figure.
• Now go back to the “index.html” file and add the code as you can see in below figure:
• When you will refresh the web browser then it will automatically reload a JS file through source code, as shown in below figure:

What Is The Best Way To Include JavaScript File in Html

• You can add <script> tag in the <head> section of your HTML file, in the start of the <body> tag and also at the start or end of the body tag.
• But I would advise you to add it at the end of the <body> tag. I will show you why it should be at the bottom of the body tag.
• The HTML page always loads from top to bottom. And if your JS file will be in <head> tag or opening of the <body> tag. Therefore, it’s gonna run JavaScript first before loading any of the content in and it will leave a negative impact on your webpage. Let me show you now how it will drop a negative impression on your website.
• Here is a basic example for you. As you can see in below image that I have added <script> tag at the start of <head> tag and add a new tag of <h1> for your understanding.
• Save these file and press ALT + B to execute this code. You will notice that as you see in the picture underneath that only <script> tag alert comes up first without loading the rest of page.
• But once I click at ok then it has loaded the rest of the page now. As indicated in the image here.

 

• It leaves a bad impact on users because the page is loading step by step but not at once. Now I am gonna add  <script> at the bottom of the <body> tag and as you can see in image down.
• Now save it go again to the browser and reload the page.  Instantly you can see the content and alert form at the same time. This is a perfect way of adding JS.

I am sure you all already know HTML and CSS but you have attempted to learn JavaScript many times but failed for some reason and you drop it. But I am sure now you are going to stick with me since I am going to describe you step by step each code. From the next lesson onward, I am going to tell you more in detail what is the Syntax of JavaScript and where to place JavaScript file. I hope you guys understand this lesson and I will see you in my next tutorial. Till then take care of yourself. If YOU have any question regarding this post feel free to comment below and ask about it.  I will definitely reply to your query as soon as possible. 

How to perform Software Testing and Debugging

Hello everyone, I hope you are having a fine day. In today’s tutorial, I am going to discuss “Software Testing and Debugging”

During testing and debugging, seek advice for the various techniques of detecting and eliminating mistakes in a program, so that it produces the desired result. Every programmer needs to be aware of the truth that a program does not always run perfectly for the first time. It is consequently vital to make efforts in case you do stumble on the errors. First, determine and note any errors which are found during the very first building and running of the program.

Errors that Occur during Initialization of the Program

Many errors can occur when running a program, some apparent, and others are not. All these mistakes can be grouped under four types, namely: syntax errors, run-time errors, logical mistakes, and latent mistakes.

Syntax problems are any violation of regulations specified within a  programming language results in syntax mistakes. The compiler during the build and run process of the code will automatically define such errors. When syntax errors are found in the source code of the program, the compilation fails and terminates after listing the errors and the line numbers within the source code of the application where the errors have occurred. 

Remember, in a few cases, the line quantity won't precisely suggest the vicinity of the mistake. In different instances, syntax error can also result in an extended listing of mistakes. Correction of one of the mistakes at the beginning of the build of the system may also take away the entire listing.

Run-time mistakes  include mismatch of data types or referencing out-of-variety array details, go undetected by the compiler. An application with those mistakes will run. However, it produces misguided consequences. It should be noted that isolating run-time blunders is usually a hard challenge.

Logical errors: As the name suggests, these mistakes are related to the common sense of program execution. Such moves as taking a wrong direction, failure to forget a particular situation, and incorrect order of assessment of statements belong to this category. Logical mistakes do now not show up as collect-generated mistakes messages. Rather, the program outputs the wrong results during execution. These errors are due to adverse information and incorrect translation of the set of rules by the program.

Latent errors are a 'hidden' error that pops up when a particular set of information is used — for instance, subsequent declaration.

Various Ways of  Testing a Program

Testing is the process of reviewing and executing a program to detect mistakes, which can belong to any of the four types mentioned above. We know that while the compiler can locate syntactic and semantic errors, it can't come across run-time and logical mistakes that show up all through the execution of the program. Testing, therefore, should include vital steps to detect all viable mistakes in the software. It is important to remember that it is miles impractical to find all the mistakes. The testing procedure can also encompass the subsequent two degrees:

• Human testing
• Computer-based trying out

Human checking out is a powerful error-detection procedure and finishes earlier than the computer-based tryout. Human testing methods encompass code inspection by the programmer, code inspection with the aid of a test institution, and a review by an essay writing service or a peer organization. The test is achieved through a statement and is analyzed with a tick list of common programming mistakes. In addition to finding the errors, the programming style and preference of algorithms are also reviewed.

Computer-based testing entails a list of degrees, particularly the compiler tryout and run-time check out. Compiler testing is the most effective of the two and also detects undiscovered syntax errors. The software executes while the compiler detects greater mistakes. 

Should this mean that this system is correct? Will it produce the expected consequences? The answer is no. The software might comprise both run-time and logical errors, which in any case won't affect the compiling process of the program.

Program Debugging And Error Checking 

Debugging is the process of discovering and correcting the mistakes in a program’s source code. One simple technique of debugging is locating print statements or logs output by the compiler during the build process of the system that shows the values of variables. It displays the dynamics of a program and allows us to observe and compare statistics at various points. Once the area of a blunder is recognized and is error corrected, the debugging statements may be eliminated. We can use the conditional compilation statements, to switch on or off the debugging statements.

Another method is to use the technique of deduction. The area of a blunder is arrived at by the use of elimination and refinement. It is done through the listing of possible reasons for the mistake.

In Conclusion

Two critical resources of a computer gadget are execution time and memory. The performance of an application is measured in phrases of those two sources. Efficiency can be progressed with true design and coding practices.

Thank you so much for reading this article. If you have any question regarding this article, you can comment below and ask us. We are looking forward for your feedback.

How To Calculate Liquidated Damages in Construction?

Hello everyone, I hope you all are doing great. Today, I am going to share with you about "How To Calculate Liquidated Damages in Construction?" In almost all construction contracts that will be a clause that provides that the contractor will pay liquidated damages to the owner of the project in case there is a breach of contract. In construction, a breach of contract, which leads to the owner claiming liquidated damages, usually relates to a failure to complete a project in contractual time (that is, failing to complete works and handing over the house to the client at the date agreed on the contract). When calculating liquidated damages, the client bases them on a daily or weekly rate – the amount a contractor is required to pay will depend on the value of the property they are constructing. However, the client cannot use liquidated damages as a penalty, and that is why they need to learn how to calculate liquidated damages. In short, they have predetermined damages set when the contractor and owner are entering into a contract. The damages are based on actual losses the client is likely to incur in the unlikely event that the contractor does not complete a project on time. Some of the losses the client might incur have to do with:

• Rent on temporary accommodation
• Extra running costs
• Removal costs

While the damages are based on a weekly or daily rate, the formulae might be more complicated in cases where there is partial possession or where the works are phased. After liquidated damages calculation, the client needs to document the method of calculation in case they ever need proof of calculations in court.

Importance of Calculating Liquidated Damages

It is essential for every owner to learn how to calculate liquidated damages in construction. For liquidated damages to be enforceable in court, the court requires that they are a reasonable amount. If the amount looks exorbitant or if the wrong liquidated damages calculation formula was used, the court will not enforce liquidated damages. Again, the damages are not penalties or punishment to the contractor – that is why the right liquidated damages formula has to be applied.  In instances where a contract prevents the client from claiming liquidated damages, or where the actual losses have a huge difference from the estimated liquidated losses, the client might claim for unliquidated (actual) damages through the court. Unliquidated damages are actual damages, whose amount is not pre-agreed and is determined by the courts.  A genuine liquidated damages calculation is needed to show that the damages are not penalties. In cases where the courts feel that calculating liquidated damages was done to punish the contractor, the claim will be dismissed.  Calculations will include:

• Storage costs
• Fees
• Loss of rent
• Loss of income
• Finance costs
• Rentals costs
• Fees and fines from third parties

The link between the foreseen losses and the breach of contract has to be established – otherwise, a remote link between the damages and the breach of contract will not work. You can learn more about liquidated damages from this article.

How Liquidated Damages Calculation Works 

• When learning how to calculate liquidated damages, the most crucial factor is time. When writing the contract for a construction project, the contractor and the client have to negotiate the duration it will take until completion of the project. In this case, the project is not completed on time; the owner stands to lose opportunities and money.
• Besides the client, contractors will also lose money if a project extends past the contractual date – they will need to pay workers for longer than they anticipated. As such, both the client and the contractor have a reason to complete a project on time. 
• In essence, the owner will try to ensure that contractors take all the risks associated with a project that is not completed on time. For them to transfer their risk to the contractor, they have to include a clause on the contract that lets them claim liquidated damages. The client, thus, has to know how to calculate liquidated damages in construction.

• The liquidated damages clause will define the damages, and when the clause is activated, the client will deduct money from what they owe the contractor. The money will be withdrawn until the project is complete.
• It is therefore crucial that when calculating liquidated damages, the client only includes what they will be able to recover in case the construction project is not completed on time. For the liquidated damages clause to be included in the contract, the contractor and the client have to agree on a reasonable amount.
• Most public agencies will always have a liquidated damages clause in their contracts. The contract will be forced to pay a fixed amount for every day they do not complete a project. These damages will make sure that the contractor follows the project schedule as outlined in the contract.
• Public agencies will use the clause to ensure that the contractor compensates them for any damages or losses they incur when a project is delayed.
• However, the liquidated damages calculation formula has to show good faith – otherwise, it will be viewed as malicious punishment to the contractor by the client.
• There is no standard liquidated damages formula seeing as different situations are different. As a client, you will estimate the damages you are likely to incur based on your special situation. For instance, a client who is building a residential house to settle their family might calculate the losses as rent they will have to pay for all the days the client will delay the project.
• In another case, a client who is building residential houses to rent out might calculate damages based on the rent they will miss.

Conclusion

Once you have learned how to calculate liquidated damages (which involves figuring out the best-liquidated damages calculation formula for your situation), you will be good to go. However, even after using the right liquidated damages formula, if the actual damages significantly exceed the estimated losses, you need to claim for unliquidated damages after the project. For contractors, of the project delay was not your fault (say a natural disaster resulted in the delay), you can request an extension that does not involve you paying for liquidated damages. If you have a question regarding this post feel free to comment below. We are looking forward to hearing from you.

Role of Search Engines in Our Society

Hello friends, I hope you all are performing well in your life. In today’s tutorial, we will have a look at detailed The Role of Search Engines in Our Society. this digital world, where the most advanced technologies are shaping our lives every day, search engines have become increasingly important for our everyday life. Search engines like Google are the first place where people go to find anything and everything they need. From entertainment and fun to work, working, education, medicine, and more, search engines are our online universities and libraries of knowledge where people can get any information they need within mere seconds.  Then, there's also the fact that we're exposed to information anywhere we look or go. T-shirt slogans, traffic signs, text messages, websites, newspapers, advertisements, this modern industrialized society is based on data.  If we take into consideration that data is the new currency in this new virtual reality of ours, a person has a hard time keeping up with all this information. Well, one of the best ways to keep up is by understanding the importance of search engines.

Information Management

With such vast amounts of information we encounter every day, most people find it virtually impossible to remember all the details they need to know. Email addresses, phone numbers, figures, dates, names, the list goes on and on.  They need tools to store all that information and retrieve it on demand. The internet is swarming with useful tools like Microsoft Outlook that people use to manage their email, and so on.  Companies have project managers that use various innovative and advanced information management tools to help employees locate and obtain pertinent information. People can count on these tools to get what they want.  Well, the same can be said for search engines. Internet users, both mobile and online, use these engines to find anything online – from a piece of information or service to a new job, product, even a date.

The Ever-increasing Number Of Searches 

Google did a recent survey, and according to this research, there are more than one trillion searches performed per year. If we convert this number to a search per day, it will be something like three billion searches a day.  The whole world depends on search engines. It's not only internet users that use search engines to find useful information. Businesses use them too.  They use search engine optimization to promote what they do and attract wider audiences. SEO helps organizations make the most of their marketing efforts and so much more.  These useful engines are so necessary that there are different types of search engines, depending on the kind of information you're looking for. The best example is Octopart.com, a search engine that people use to find electronic parts. Instead of looking for information on Google, people can use this specific search engine to search across hundreds of distributors and thousands of manufacturers.  It offers you the ability to browse a wide range of electronic parts and components by category. If you're looking for integrated circuits or passive components or anything electromechanical, Octopart will provide it within mere seconds.  We can safely say that search engines make our lives much easier, more educated, and informed. They help us learn and educate ourselves by offering an abundant source of information.  If we take the fact that most people are either mobile or online or both today, they have such power of knowledge right at their fingertips. Search engines have become readily and widely accepted in this contemporary, digital culture of ours.

Find Any Information you Need In Seconds

When we take a better look at it, search engines aren't just about looking for information on demand. They also act as a filter. The internet is loaded with a wealth of available information. Sifting through it would take a tremendous amount of time and effort.  Instead of that, a search engine helps any individual find any information they need in mere seconds by filtering through all that wealth of available information and only presenting the data that is of value to them.  More importantly, search engines like Google only crawl and search for information on the highest quality, trusted websites. The search results you get on Google are reliable and trustworthy but, more importantly, up-to-date, accurate, and relevant.  This is crucial for all who use search engines, especially businesses in different industries.  The most advanced search engines like Google maintain databases of web pages regularly to make sure the information they deliver is relevant and according to the users' interest.  Google uses smart and complex algorithms to assess web pages and websites to rank them for relevant search keywords and phrases. We can safely conclude that the world, as we know it today, depends on search engines to keep turning.  Now you may have understood The Role of Search Engines in Our Society. That how important it is for use and how it is making our life easier.

Introduction To TLS, SSL, and HTTPS

Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great in your home. In today’s tutorial, we are going to look at a detailed Introduction to TLS, SSL, and HTTPS. Let’s break down what HTTPS, SSL, and TLS really mean, how they work, and why encryption is so important. Have you ever wondered why some web addresses are different from others?  Let’s discuss it with detail.

What is TLS, SSL and HTTPS

Online attacks are increasing day by day and easy to execute. Because of this, businesses around the world are heavily scrutinizing online transactions involving confidential data to ensure that customers are as secure as possible. Websites without proper security are leaving valuable digital assets vulnerable. Hackers can target customers through email phishing campaigns or intercept private information passed along through a site. All it takes is a single breach to devastate a business. If your website is not safe, secure, and reliable, users will likely avoid it.  In a nutshell, the internet can be a rather dangerous place. Over the past few years, Google has taken steps to shed light on this issue and keep everyone on the websafe. Google’s large browser market share means they have a significant influence on how the Internet operates and where it’s going in the future. Visual security indicators are more apparent now than ever to equip consumers with information to decide what companies they trust with their business. 

HTTPS 

(An example of a secure website from ssl.com) The very first part of every web address indicates whether the site uses Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) or Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS). In both instances, data is sent between your browser and the website you are on but HTTP websites are generally not considered encrypted or secure. Trust is the foundation of the Internet economy, and to ensure it, you need end-to-end security. HTTPS ensures that ongoing online communication between server and browser is encrypted and secure. Google also began to use HTTPS as a lightweight ranking signal in the search algorithm. Its algorithm prioritizes websites that used encryption, which, together with a whole variety of metrics, helps to outrank those without. 

SSL vs TLS 

Here is when Secure Socket Layer (SSL) or TLS (Transport Layer Security) come into play. To establish an HTTPS connection, you will have to first purchase an SSL or TLS certificate from a trusted provider. Once the certificate is set up, data will be transmitted by using HTTPS which makes your website less vulnerable to cyber attacks.  SSL ensures secure communication almost the same way TLS does, and the differences between the two protocols are small and rather technical. Despite all the similarities they do differ from each other in some respects. Both protocols provide authentication and encryption when transferring data and work by tying a cryptographic digital key to a website’s identifying information. The Internet Engineering Task Force simply created TSL as the successor of SSL; therefore, nowadays, it is considered the encryption standard, although the term SSL is still widely used.  TLS, or the older SSL, both are technologies for encrypting the link between a web server and a web browser. When a browser accesses a server over HTTPS, a sequence called a “handshake” occurs, which establishes a cypher suite (a set of algorithms) for each communication. For the authentication, they utilize a pair of keys (a public key and private key, created together as a pair) that manage the connections. Public keys are encryption tools that use one-way encryption, while the original sender can “sign” data with a private key to secure it.  When you add a certificate to a website, you are encrypting sensitive information, which can include transaction and bank information, credit card information, usernames, passwords, contact information, or anything else being passed between a user and your site. With it, you safeguard your business and your customers’ information by making sure that any data transferred between parties remains impossible to read by hackers.  There are a few visual indicators that indicate a secure website. In addition to displaying your web address as HTTPS, all browsers will show the following trusted visuals cues: 

• Padlock / green browser bar 
• Company name 
• Trusted site seal 

Many browsers trigger security warnings when a user attempts to enter a site with an unsecured connection. Google Chrome, for example, flags all non-encrypted websites as unsafe and even displays a Non Secure warning to deter customers from visiting them. The goal is to have your website served to as many people as possible and to give customers a great experience as intended. 

TYPES OF CERTIFICATES 

Every website should have an SSL or TLS certificate, but there are a variety of certification options that differ in type, price, and level of validation. Any certificate will prevent browser warnings from driving traffic away from their sites, however, a website that deals with particularly sensitive information, such as an e-commerce site, requires a certificate that indicates a security standard with visual SSL indicators. When choosing the best SSL / TLS certificate, two aspects should be considered; validation level and functionality. 

Validation Level 

• Domain Validated (DV): requires proof of control over the domain. DV is a good, fairly easy option for small sites that don’t collect personal data. 
• Organization Validated (OV): requires light business authentication, which results in verified business information being listed in the certificate details. It is a good option for Enterprise environments and intranets. 
• Extended Validation (EV): because a trusted certificate authority has fully vetted your organization, browsers will give your website special treatment, displaying your organization's name in the address bar. 

Functional 

• Single-Domain (SD): can be installed on a single domain and is available at all three validation levels. 
• Multi-Domain (MD): can encrypt up to 250 domains with a single certificate. 
• Wildcard (WC): can secure a single domain and all accompanying first-level sub-domains, but is only available in DV and OV. 
• Multi-Domain Wildcards (MDWC): can encrypt up to 250 domains, plus any accompanying sub-domains, but is only available in DV or OV. 

There are free and cost-effective SSL solutions which satisfy the bare minimum requirements, but if you want your company to rise above the basic industry standards, as well as offer more security for your website and gain confidence in your brand, you should invest in the right certificate for your needs. 101domain offers a buyer’s guide that goes over everything you need to know to decide on your ideal certificate type. Since security certification is a dynamic and constantly evolving aspect of web security, it is essential to do your homework before you purchase just any SSL / TLS certificate.  This is all for today and if you have any question regarding this post, you can comment down below and ask me. I am looking forward to hearing from you.