The Engineering Projects

Bachelor of Arts

Hello Friends! I hope you are doing well. Today, the topic I am going to discuss is Bachelor of Arts or it is also known as BA. It is a bachelor degree given to students in arts and sciences. Bachelor of Arts degree usually completed in three to four years, depends on the university and type of program. Here, I will cover the following topic: Popular Bachelor of Arts programs, their major subjects, career opportunities, scope of BA degree, and finally the top universities offer BA degrees.

Bachelor of Arts

The top BA programs offer are listed below:

• Anthropology.
• Archaeology.
• Education.
• French.
• Public Administration.
• Literature.
• English.
• Sanskrit.
• Geography.
• German.
• Economics.
• Hindi.
• History.
• Library Science.
• Philosophy.
•  Sociology.
• Mathematics.
• Political Science.
• Psychology.

Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology

A Bachelor of Arts degree in Anthropology enables students to understand deeply past and present relations in human societies, civilizations, and culture by the study of topics such as development, archaeology, and evolution. The common major courses taught are:

• Culture and gender.
• Epidemiology.
• Different societies and cultures.
• Human urges.
• Health and medicine.
• Religion.
• Bio archaeology.

The future career areas for the graduates are:

• Medicine.
• Government service.
• Non-profit work.
• Academia.
• Education.

Bachelor of Arts in Creative Writing

Creative writing is also the Bachelor of Arts degree getting really popular among students. The major topic in a Bachelor of Arts program teaches you how to design, build and examine works of poetry and story. The major courses are:

• Poetry.
• Journal and short story writing and workshops.
• Playwriting.

Career opportunities for this program are:

• Poet.
• Author.
• Screenwriter.
• Playwright.
• Novelist.

Bachelor of Arts in English Literature

Students who are enrolled in B. A in English Literature program explores the ancient context of English & American literature. As well as distinct literary authors, periods, and genres. Students may select courses such as:

• English literature.
• Short stories.
• Grammar.
• Linguistics.
• Literary movements.
• Composition.

The future career options are in the following fields:

• Teaching.
• Freelance writing.
• Publishing.
• Journalism.

Bachelor of Arts in Organizational Studies

The bachelor of arts in organizational studies focuses on how to analyze workplace management, behavior, leadership, performance, and enhance communication skills with co-workers.

• Organization.
• Research methods.
• Macroeconomics.
• Gender issues.
• Microeconomics
• Ethics.
• Business management.

The career options for the graduate students are:

• Human resource planner.
• Affirmative action planner.
• Employment specialist.
• Compensation and benefits analyst.
• Safety manager.
• Recruiter.

Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy

A B.A in Philosophy degree program provides students to explore education and the foundation of life. The philosophy field of study teaches you how to practice logic points to defend your perspectives and understand about life in common. The major course topics studied are:

• Ethics.
• Metaphysics.
• Greek philosophy.
• Cognition.
• Morality.
• Religion.
• Law.

The possible career opportunities are:

• Academia.
• Information technology.
• Business.
• Government.
• Law.
• Healthcare.
• Religion.

Bachelor of Arts in Sociology

The Bachelor of Arts in Sociology teaches the students about society and its behavior. Students study the factors that affect human groups. Such as gender, economic status, and race. The typically studied coursework is:

• Statistics.
• Inequality.
• Gender roles.
• Sexuality.
• Research methods.
• Aging.
• Deviance.
• Juvenile delinquency.
• Minority groups.

The future career types of jobs are:

• Sociologist.
• Social worker.
• Health services administrator.
• Community activist.
• Teacher.

The Bachelor of Arts degree programs comprise a broad range of subjects and provide graduates several different jobs, depending on the student's major.

Bachelor of Arts in History

A B.A in History degree program prepares students about the history and the past that affect can the present and the future. The typical courses are:

• U.S. economic history.
• Renaissance.
• Ancient Greece.
• Reconstruction.
• Western civilization.
• European history.
• American history.

The possible careers options are available such as:

• Teacher.
• Museum curator.
• Writer.
• Historian.
• Archivist.
• Preservationist.

Bachelor of Arts in International Studies

Students achieving a Bachelor of Arts degree in International Studies learns to explore a different kind of issues, For example, human rights, the environment, war, poverty, and the world economy from both a scientific and humanistic point of view. Many international studies degree programs need students to study overseas or finish an internship overseas. Some common courses studied are:

• Macroeconomics.
• Statistics.
• Politics.
• World cultures.
• Economics.
• Microeconomics.
• Geography.

The possible career opportunities are:

• International affairs.
• Government service.
• Diplomacy.
• Military service.

Bachelor of Arts in Film making

Here is another popular Bachelor of Arts degree in Film Studies. This degree program is focused on film making as well as the history of the film industry, ideas, and criticism. It comprises reviews of a broad category of films, such as Hollywood blockbusters films to art-house movies, and amateur video. The advantages of this bachelor’s degree include staying exposed to all aspects of film-making and the culture of film. A student will learn effective skills such as camera working and editing. You can also finish your graduation with a deep knowledge of film study, and criticism. And how to study and suggest a project, as well as how to handle a film project. Education also covers direction and screenwriting. Generally, relevant skills include the organization and the capacity to fit the deadlines within a complicated schedule.

Bachelor of Arts in political Science

A Bachelor of Arts in Political Science degree focuses on political matters, public policies, lobbying work, and the students who are interested in the politician profession will select this degree. The cost of the program depends on the university and its location. About the duration of this degree, it usually finishes in three to five years. After graduation, you can find jobs in this field. And if you belong to some political family background you can carry on your own party. There are many jobs available in this degree program such as you can find jobs in the public and private sector. However, it is necessary to see that high-level job positions usually need a postgraduate degree. So after this bachelor's degree, you can complete your postgraduate study to get high salary jobs. This degree program also gives online study opportunities to students. Online study is really getting popular for students who do part-time jobs. It is more convenient and easy to get online jobs.

Bachelor of Arts in Media

The BA degree in media is also a great option for those who are interested I this field. It is also offered by various universities all over the world. This program provides students the specific education and experience about the media and communication trends, concepts, tools of media, the role of media, theories, and the practical use of media in the industry. For example, the course work focuses on communication theory, multimedia, advertising, corporate communication, journalism, crisis management, multimedia, public relation, and new media. There are many advantages of this degree. It provides a broad range of skills that lead to great opportunities. Additionally, the information uses to enhance your communication skills positively in every field. The types of jobs in this field is also varied depends on the major students selected. opportunities are available in many industries, experiencing and consistent growth. There are many career options open to students who have achieved a degree in program media. Examples are jobs in publishing, PR, media, administration, and advertising. Many programs in media are offered online, this is also the great benefit of this degree.

 Scope of Bachelor of Arts

For graduation in B.A degree programs students can find a variety of degree programs offered by universities. And the student can select the field in which he is most interested. And after graduation, students have so many job options with salary packages. The broad scope of the job for all candidates of BA course is shown in a great number of areas of interest for BA courses students. These are listed below:

• Advertising.
• Broadcast.
• Library and Information Science.
• Law.
• Film Editing and Direction.
• Policing.
• Religious Studies.
• Professional Writing.
• Business Process Outsourcing Units.
• Journalism and Mass Communication.
• Community Service.
• Civil Services.
• Public Administration.
• Social Work.
• Public Planning.
• Graphics and Printing Industry.
• International Relations.

Bachelor of Arts jobs for freshers

Some of the popular jobs after BA are listed below:

• Content Writer.
• Graphic Designer.
• Executive Assistant.
• Operations Team Leader.

Bachelor of Arts jobs in Government & Private sectors

Some of the most profitable BA Jobs options allow high pay packages in public as well as private sectors.

• Executive Assistant.
• Operations Team Leader.
• Business Development Manager.
• Human Resources Manager.
• Operations Manager.
• Marketing Manager.

The Bachelor of Arts jobs abroad

The most popular amongst the broad scope of work provided to graduates abroad are listed below:

• Executive Assistant.
• Operations Team Leader.
• Graphic Designer.
• Marketing Manager.
• Business Development Manager.
• Human Resources Manager.
• Operations Manager.
• Content Writer.

Salary Scale for BA Courses

The salary of Bachelor of Arts Jobs varies and depends on the experience and job status. This salary also depends on the specialization choice of the candidate as well as the sector of the industry, job profile, employment, and devotion at the workplace as the rank and experience of the employer.

Bachelor of Arts Specializations areas

Some of the common specialization opportunities available to the candidates of BA course are listed:

• BA in Geography.
• BA in Anthropology.
• BA in Linguistics.
• BA in Rural Studies.
• BA in Urdu.
• BA in Journalism.
• BA in Psychology.
• BA in German.
• BA in French.
•  BA in Italian.
• BA in Hebrew.
• BA in Spanish.
• BA in Russian.
• BA in Chinese.
• BA in Japanese.
• BA in Photography.
• BA in Korean.
• BA in Agro Sciences.
• BA in Airlines, Hospitality, and Customer Care.
• BA in Ancient History.
• BA in Ancient Indian Culture.
• BA in Arabic.
• BA in Cinematography.
• BA in Corporate Secretary ship.
• BA in Comparative Religion.
• BA in Criminology.
• BA in Culinary Art.
• BA in Defense and Strategic Studies.
• BA in Drawing and Painting.
• BA in Education.
• BA in Punjabi.

Objectives of Bachelor of Arts programs

• To give students a basic and educational base of multidisciplinary programs.
• To provide students broad experience in Arts subjects that is reason enough to show to various disciplines.
• To show comprehensive knowledge of the ideas and principles of chosen fields of the study thus allowing students to select the specialization fields for professional choices.

Top countries offer BA degrees

The following countries offer BA program degrees. The top countries are listed here.

• BA in the United Kingdom.
• BA in Germany.
• BA in Italy.
• BA in Poland.
• BA in South Africa.
• BA in Singapore.
• BA in Switzerland.
• BA in the United Arab Emirates.
• BA in Canada.
• BA in Spain.
• BA in Hong Kong.
• BA in China.
• BA in the Netherlands.

Top universities offering Bachelor of Arts

Bachelor of Arts in Stanford University

The main aim of Stanford university is to educate the cultural and civilized citizens. Stanford university offer the courses in humanities that are considered the soul faculty of this university as well as it also offers courses in natural sciences, business and computer sciences. It has about 2180 faculty expert members, and the fields of study are more than 80, consist of 65 majors. The school of arts offer outstanding performance by providing combine study of ethnicity & race. The university also offer online courses for BA in music, creativity, media shows, and radiocasting. It organize the live concerts that are hosted by university professors.Further, this university was founded in Palo Alto( also named as silicon valley). This institute is ranked on the top of the list because of its quality study on business and technology. The faculty provide technology training, experience and skills to their students. Totally, 63% of all programs offered by school of humanities, and 40% percent of doctorate degree programs. Further, In 20th century, university provide financial support for business to their students. Therefore, many famous companies hire the students of this university.

Bachelor of Arts in Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Lets talk about another popular university, which is also among the top list in technology teaching. This university also famous for the school of arts and humanities, mathematics, modern sciences and technology teaching. There are a number of courses available online in this degree. In 1859, MIT was established. And, In 1868, the school of Architecture was established This school has a great history. And it was the first school of architecture in the United States. This school is still famous for its outstanding building. It is divided into many building, and one of these is on nano-research. The best thing about the university is its library system, that is divided in mainly five categories. The three are devoted for the department of arts and humanities. The duration of the most of BA courses is 4 years. Moreover, the 4 staff member are belongs to AAAS. This category has a lot of books available for students. And have so many good collection. This MIT library system is unique and it is interconnected with the experts and professionals in the faculty of arts and humanities. In addition, is include the honorable linguist professor N. Chomsky. It consists of five main schools ( Engineering, Arch., Science, and arts, management). Other are engineering, economics, and music.

Bachelor of Arts in Cambridge University

Cambridge university is always listed the top university for providing a broad range of subjects offer, and founded in 1209. University of Cambridge is one of the oldest and popular university in United Kingdom. This university was build in the north of the London and it brings the top students from all over the world. Almost more than 23 thousand students have enrolled in 31 academic colleges, and 150 departments. We know that college life is really important for the career as well as the personality improvement. This is the beginning of our skills in the related field. If the basic is strong in college, then the post graduate study will also be effective. So, it is very important to choose university, that have experts and professional professor to teach. The school of arts and humanity is popular because of these things. They organized many projects and group discussion for the guidance of students at each level. Additionally, this university has completed many recent projects as well as it is famous for the skills in flamenco dance and provide cultural significance. University has produced many distinguished graduates in school of arts and humanities. It also offered courses in Math, literature, music, & physics.You must have known about this university. It is the most oldest campus and hugely get popularity in all subjects. The university has a a lot number of faculties for the music, religions, sciences, history, and many more. It also offer the BA degree programs in English literature & language. Almost 20 thousand students have already enrolled in this university. This number is more than the third of all international universities. Moreover, the university also has 116 libraries.The university has expert and professional professors for teaching degree programs. Students have options of variety of BA degrees as well as online courses also available. This university also produces many actors, producers, musicians, writers, and other popular personalities in the profession of arts. There are also joint degrees available for students such as political sciences, philosophy. Some of respected alumni are the novelists (Tolkien) & another famous ( G. Graham ) and (J. satirist ).

Bachelor of Arts in University College London (UCL)

This faculty is also famous for its great analysis output in the innovative projects on digital working under Jeremy Bentham. This school organized a festival culture every year that is continue for five days. It has so many live functions performances, drama screening, useful talks, live shows, projects presentations, discussion, and research projects. A variety of other bachelor of arts courses are available as well such as English literature, fine arts, philosophy, Information education, and Jewish studies. The university (UCL) also provides the courses for Bachelor of Arts and humanities. It is also included as the top 10 London universities. I hope this article will help you to get deep information about Bachelor of Arts and its main subjects, scope, specialization areas, and top universities offer BA degrees.

2SC1345 Datasheet, Pinout, Power Ratings, Equivalents & Applications

Hi Guys! Hope you’re well today. In today's tutorial, we will have a look at the 2SC1345 NPN Transistor. We will also discuss 2SC1345 Datasheet, Pinout, Power Ratings, Equivalents & Applications. As this is an NPN transistor, the conductivity is mainly carried out by electrons as the major charge carriers. 2SC1345 is mainly used for switching and amplification purposes.

Let's first recall NPN transistors: NPN transistor comes with 3 terminals, named:

1. Emitter
2. Collector
3. Base

If the voltage at the base terminal is above 0.7V, the NPN transistor gets forward biased & starts conducting i.e. current will flow from the Collector to Emitter terminal. If the Base voltage is less than 0.7V, it remains reverse-biased.

So now let’s get started with the 2SC1345 NPN Transistor.

2SC1345 NPN Transistor

• 2SC1345 is a bipolar junction transistor that belongs to the NPN transistor family.
• It is composed of silicon semiconductor material and comes in a TO-92 package.
• 2SC1345 contains three layers where one is a p-doped layer and the other two are n-doped layers. The p-doped layer stands between the two n-doped layers.

• This device contains three terminals named: the base, collector, and emitter. The small current change at the base side is used to produce a large output current at the remaining terminals.

• The bipolar junction transistors are available in two types i.e. NPN transistors and PNP transistors. Both holes and electrons play a role in the conductivity inside the transistors the reason they are called bipolar devices.
• However, these devices differ in terms of major charge carriers. In the case of NPN transistors, electrons are the major charge carriers and in PNP transistors holes are the major charge carriers.
• These bipolar devices are called current-controlled devices in opposed to MOSFETs that are termed voltage-controlled devices and contain terminals like a drain, source, and gate.
• It is important to note that the mobility of holes is less efficient than the mobility of electrons the reason NPN transistors are preferred over PNP transistors for a range of applications.

2SC1345 Datasheet

Before you apply this component to your electrical project, it’s wise to scan through the 2SC1345 datasheet that features the main characteristics of the device. Click the link below to download the 2SC1345 datasheet.

2SC1345 Pinout

The following figure shows the 2SC1345 pinout.

This component contains three terminals named: 1: Emitter 2: Collector 3: Base These terminals carry different doping concentrations. The base side is 10-times more doped than the collector side. The emitter side is highly doped and the collector terminal is lightly doped.

2SC1345 Working Principle

When voltage is applied at the base terminal, it will bias the device and as a result, current starts flowing from collector to emitter terminal.

• Know that, bipolar junction devices are not symmetrical in nature. This means if we exchange the emitter and collector terminals then these terminals will stop working in the forward active region and start working in reverse active mode.
• The non-symmetry of these devices is due to the different doping concentrations of all three terminals.

2SC1345 Power Ratings

The following table represents the 2SC1345 power ratings.

Absolute Maximum Ratings of 2SC1345
Pin No.	Pin Description	Pin Name
1	Collector-emitter voltage	50V
2	Collector-base voltage	550V
3	Base-emitter voltage	5V
4	Collector current	0.1A
5	Power dissipation	0.2W
6	Base current	0.05A
7	Operating junction temperature range	150C

• The collector-emitter voltage is 50V and the collector-base voltage is 550V. The emitter-base voltage is 5V which is the voltage required to bias the device.
• The collector-current is 100mA which means it can support load under 100mA.

• The power dissipation is 0.2W which is equal to the amount of energy released during the functioning of this component.
• The current gain is 250 to 1200 which is the amount of current this device can amplify.
• When working with this device, make sure these ratings don’t exceed the absolute maximum ratings else they can damage the device.
• Moreover, if these ratings are applied more than the required time, they can affect the device's reliability.

2SC1345 Equivalents

The following are the 2SC1345 equivalents.

• 2SC2240
• KSC1845FTA (Fairchild)

Before incorporating these devices into your projects, double-check the pinout of these alternatives as the pinout of 2SC1345 might differ from the pinout of the equivalents.

2SC1345 Applications

The following are the 2SC1345 applications.

• Used in electronic Ballasts.
• Used in a common power amplifier.
• Used in voltage regulator circuits.
• Incorporated in modern electronic circuits.
• Used in Bistable and Astable multivibrators circuit.
• Used in energy-saving lights.

• Used in high-frequency power transform.
• Used in the high switching power supply.
• Employed to support loads under 0.1A.

2SC1345 Physical Dimensions

The following diagram shows the 2SC1345 physical dimensions. The 2SC1345 physical dimensions give you the idea to evaluate the space needed for this device to incorporate in the electrical project. That’s all for today. Hope you find this article helpful. If you have any questions, you can approach me in the section below. I’m happy and willing to help you the best way I can. Feel free to share your valuable feedback and suggestions around the content we share so we keep producing quality content based on your needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.

D13005K Datasheet, Pinout, Power Ratings, Equivalents & Applications

Hello Everyone! Hope you’re well today. In today's tutorial, we will have a look at D13005K NPN Transistor. We will also study D13005K Datasheet, Pinout, Power Ratings, Equivalents & Applications. As its an NPN transistor, so major charge carriers are electrons. D13005K is mainly employed for switching and amplification purpose. Let's first recall NPN transistors: NPN transistor consists of 3 terminal, named as:

• Emitter.
• Collector.
• Base.

If we provide voltage > 0.7V at base terminal, NPN transistor gets forward biased & starts conducting. If Base voltage < 0.7V, it remains reverse biased. So now let’s get started with D13005K NPN Transistor:

D13005K NPN Transistor

• D13005K is a bipolar NPN transistor, mainly used for amplification and switching purposes.
• It contains three layers where two n-doped layers surround one p-doped layer.
• This device is made of silicon semiconductor material and comes in a TO-220 package.

• D13005K contains three terminals named base, collector, and emitter. All these terminals are different in terms of doping concentrations.
• The small current at the base side is used to control the large current at the emitter and collector terminals.
• These transistors are called bipolar because both electrons and holes play role in the conductivity inside the transistor.

• Bipolar junction transistors are divided into two main types i.e. NPN and PNP transistors.
• In the case of NPN transistors, electrons are the major charge carriers while holes are major charge carriers in PNP transistors.
• The bipolar junction transistors are the current-controlled devices in contrast to MOSFETs that are voltage-controlled devices that come with terminals named: drain, source, and gate.
• The NPN transistors are preferred over PNP transistors because the mobility of electrons is better than the mobility of holes.
• While in the case of NPN transistors the current flows from the collector to emitter terminals and it flows from emitter to collector terminal in the case of PNP transistors.

D13005K Datasheet

It is wise to go through the datasheet of the device before incorporating this component into your electrical project. The datasheet comes with the main characteristics of the device. Click the link below to download the D13005K datasheet.

D13005K Pinout

• The following figure shows the D13005K pinout:

The D13005K Pinout comes with three terminals named: 1: Base 2: Collector 3: Emitter Recall, all these terminals are different in terms of doping concentrations. The emitter side is highly doped and the collector side is lightly doped. The collector side is 10-times lightly doped than the base side. These terminals are used for the connection with the external circuits.

D13005K Working Principle

The working of this device starts from the base side. When voltage is applied at the base side, it will bias the device and as a result, current starts flowing from collector to emitter terminal. This bipolar device is not symmetrical in nature. And the different doping concentration of all three terminals is the reason these devices are not symmetrical. Which means if you exchange both emitter and collector terminals then these terminals will start operating in reverse active mode and it prevents these terminals to work in forward active mode.

D13005K Power Ratings

The following table shows the D13005K power ratings.

Absolute Maximum Ratings of D13005K
Pin No.	Pin Description	Pin Name
1	Collector-emitter voltage	400V
2	Collector-base voltage	700V
3	Base-emitter voltage	9V
4	Collector current	4A
5	Power dissipation	75W
6	Base current	2A
7	Operating and storage junction temperature range	-55 to 150C

• The junction temperature of this device is 150C and the storage temperature ranges from -55 to 150C.
• The collector current is 4A which means this device can support load up to 4A.
• The power dissipation is 75W which is the amount of energy this device releases during the working of this component.

• Know that, don’t apply these ratings more than the required time, else they can affect device reliability.
• The collector-emitter current is 400V and the collector-base voltage is 700V. And the emitter-base voltage is 9V which means this device will get biased when 9V is applied across the base and emitter terminals.

D13005K Applications

The following are the D13005K applications.

• Used in voltage regulator circuits.
• Used in electronic Ballasts.
• Used in a common power amplifier.
• Used in the high switching power supply.
• Incorporated in modern electronic circuits.
• Employed to support loads under 4A.
• Used in high-frequency power transform.

• Used in Bistable and Astable multivibrators circuit.
• Used in energy-saving lights.

D13005K Physical Dimensions

The following diagram represents the D13005K physical dimensions. By checking those dimensions you can audit the space required for your component in the electrical project. That was all about the Introduction to D13005K. Feel free to share your thoughts around the content we share so we keep producing quality content customized to your exact needs and requirements. You can approach me in the section below if you need any assistance regarding this article. I’m happy and willing to help you the best way I can. Thank you for clicking this read.