The Engineering Projects

How to use IF Else in Python

Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great. In today's tutorial, I am going to show you How to use IF Else in Python. It's our 5th tutorial in python series. In our previous lectures, we have covered the detailed Introduction to Python and then we have also discussed Data Types in Python & How to use Strings in Python. So, now it's time to move on a little further. In today's tutorial, we will cover If else statement in python and its not that difficult to understand but quite an essential one as its use a lot in programming projects. So, let's get started with How to use IF Else Statement in Python:

How to use IF Else Statement in Python

• IF Else Statement in python takes a Boolean Test Expression as an input, if this Boolean expression returns TRUE then code in IF body will get executed and if it returns FALSE, then code in ELSE body will be executed.
• You can understand it better by looking at its Flow Chart in right figure.
• Here's the syntax of IF Else statement in python:

if number == 10: print(number) else: print('Number is not equal to 10"

• We use if, in our daily life, it is part of our conversation, most of the time.
• For example, I say, If I win a lottery then I will go to a world tour! If I clear the test then I will throw a party.
• Here's another example, that if you are working late hours let say, overtime duty then you will get extra money, else you will not get the extra money.

Let's work with an example:

• Suppose, we have a food chain and our customer has a voucher for it.
• He has a voucher number (which is a code) written on it, by showing it, he can get a discount or he can get a free meal.
• If he is providing a correct secret code, then he will get a free meal offer. Otherwise, he will not be able to avail any offer.
• So, let's design this simple code using If Else statement:

Offer = 500 (This is, by default, price of a meal)

• We will take the input from the user.

voucher_number = input("please enter your voucher number: ")

• Whatever the number he will enter, it will get stored in that "voucher_number".
• Now let's check if the code, that he has entered is correct or not.
• We will need to use the IF statement here and first let's add this condition:

if voucher_number=="9753":

• If the voucher number is matching with the company generated number, then the offer will be:

offer -=300

• If the code is correct then deduct the amount as a discount.
• Then print("congratulations, you have got a discount")
• Then print("your remaining offer has " + str(offer))
• Run the program
• See the image, it says to enter the voucher number in the output window:

Suppose I put the wrong code. It will exit the program. Now what error he will face, if he put the wrong Voucher number, Let’s see what will be the next task.

• We will use else statement for this, if the condition is not correct.
• I have simply printed the message in else body, as shown in below figure:

Relational Operators in Python

As we are discussing IF Else statement, so we should also have a look at relational operators in python:

• Relational Operators are used to find a relation between two variables or data packets.
• We use relational operators in test expressions of IF Else statements.
• We have five types of Relational Operators i.e.
  • Greater than >
  • Less than <
  • Greater than equals to >=
  • Less than equals to <=
  • Equals to ==
• Let's understand them with an example. Now I have to check which number is greater so I will write it as:

if first_number > second_number:          print(" First number is greater than second number.") else:        print(“second number is greater than first number.") So, that was all about How to use IF Else statement in Python. If you have any questions, ask in comments. In the next, lecture, we will have a look at How to design a simple calculator in python. Till then take care & have fun !!! :)

How to use Arithmetic Operators in Python

Hello friends, I hope you all are ding great. In today's tutorial, I am going to show you How to use Arithmetic Operators in Python. It's our fourth tutorial in Python series. Arithmetic operators are required in mathematical problem solving. We will first have a look at the arithmetic operators and after that, we also discuss different builtin arithmetic functions in Python Math module. So, let's get started:

Arithmetic Operators in Python

• Arithmetic operators ( +, -, *, /, ^ etc. ) are used to perform simple arithmetic operations in python.
• So, let's open up your PyCharm and perform a simple task using these operators, as shown in below figure:

• I used a single star for multiplication and a double star for the square power.
• It is showing the results of the operations, which it is performing respectively.

Now let's design a simple calculator using these arithmetic operators but before that let's have a look at How to take input from user in python.

Getting Input from users in Python

• If we want to work dynamically, we will learn how we get values from users.
• It quite simple in python, you will just need to use an input method here.
• It will take input from the user and store it in the assigned variable.
• If you want to take the full name, age, and qualification of the player, you will write it as shown in the image:

Now I will talk about type conversion and we will make a simple program that will calculate the salary of an employee so that we can learn to perform basic calculations: Type conversion in Python In this part, I will tell you, what is Type Conversion in Python? And why it is required? Let's follow the step.

• Suppose we want to count the salary of an employee. See the steps in the image.
• Here I put int. before the fourth string, which is basic pay, but I have put the bonus in the whole numbers and it will be unable to do the concatenation because it is allowing it as a string. So, I typed the data and run it, see the results.

• You can also use the second method as you can put int. where you are performing calculations, as shown in the image.
• You can convert it by using three major data types i.e. int, float, string.

Simple Calculator in Python

Now we will design a simple calculator in which the user will enter 1st & 2nd number and our code will perform these operations with those operators like addition, subtraction, division, and multiplications. I typed the following strings below:

• first_number = float(input("Enter first number : "))
• second_number = float(input("Enter second number : "))
• print("All Arithmetic Operations are as under.")
• print(first_number + second_number)
• print(first_number - second_number)
• print(first_number * second_number)
• print(first_number / second_number)
• print(first_number ** second_number)
• I converted the type of first and second strings.
• Run the program
• You can see in the printed screen all the arithmetic operations are performed respectively.
• All the values are in floating points because we converted it into the float.
• You can also convert it in integer and check it.

• I wrote 9 and 5 and enter it, results are shown in above figure.

Operator Precedence in Python

Let's suppose, we have a variable here.

• Profit = 15 + 30 * 25
• Now let's print it using: print(profit)
• Run the program.
• The answer will be 765 in the output window.

Python follows the standard order of precedence. First, it will perform multiplication and then it will perform the addition. However, we can change the order using parenthesis.

• Suppose, we want to operate the addition method first.
• So, I will place parenthesis before and after both terms.
• Then it will perform the addition method first then multiplication.
• I will write it as:

profit = (15 + 30) * 25

• Run the program and answer will be 1125.

Now I will expand the equation and will do subtraction with it, let’s see what happens.

profit = (15 + 30) * 25 - 10

• Run the program and answer will be 1115.
• If we add parenthesis to it as:

profit = (15 + 30) * (25 - 10)

• Run the program and we will get 675.

Numbers and Importing Math’s Function in Python In this part of the lecture, I will discuss predefined functions about numbers in Python and I will also show you, how to import math modules for the advanced predefined function and methods, predefined for numbers. So let's get started. round()

• Suppose we have a variable as, number = 3.7.
• I want easily round it using:

print(round(number))

• Run the program and it will round the figure to 4.

abs()

• Suppose I have negative value -8 and I want to find the absolute value of it.
• I will use abs() and it It will return 8, as shown in below figure:

min()

• If I want to find the minimum value among the two numbers. I will write it as:

 print(min(9, 4.5)

• It will return the minimum value as, 4.5.

max()

• You can do the exact opposite of min, if you want to find out the maximum value among the two numbers.

print(max(9, 4.5)

pow()

• If I want to calculate the multiples of itself i.e. square, cube etc. then I will write it as:

print(pow(5, 3)

• The first number will be base and the second one will be the power.
• Run the program & it will show the answer, 125.

Import a Math Module in Python

Now let's have a look at How to import a math module in python code:

• Python Math library has a lot of builtin functions, which we can easily import by writing this statement at the top of our code.

from Math import *

• By writing this statement we are simply saying that get access to all the functions of Math Library.

Now, let's have a look at few of its functions: sqrt()

• Suppose I want to take the square root of number = 72
• I write it as

print (sqrt(number))

• Run the program and it will return as 8.4 something, as shown in below figure:

Here's the complete list of functions in Python Math Module:

List of Functions in Python Math Module

Function	Description
ceil(x)	It returns the previous integer value.
copysign(x, y)	It will assign sign of y to x.
fabs(x)	It returns the absolute value.
factorial(x)	It returns the factorial value.
floor(x)	It returns the next integer value.
fmod(x, y)	It divides x by y and returns the remainder.
frexp(x)	It returns the mantissa and exponent as pair value.
fsum(iterable)	It returns an accurate floating point sum of values in the iterable
isfinite(x)	It returns TRUE, if the number is finite i.e. neither infinite nor NaN.
isinf(x)	It returns TRUE, if the number is infinite.
isnan(x)	It returns TRUE, if the number is NAN.
ldexp(x, i)	It returns x * (2**i).
modf(x)	It returns the fractional and integer values.
trunc(x)	It returns the truncated integer value.
exp(x)	It returns e**x
expm1(x)	It returns e**x - 1
log(x[, base])	It returns the logarithmic value to the base e.
log1p(x)	It returns the natural logarithmic value of 1+x.
log2(x)	It returns the base-2 logarithmic value.
log10(x)	It returns the base-10 logarithmic value.
pow(x, y)	It returns x raised to the power y.
sqrt(x)	It returns the square root of x.
acos(x)	It returns the arc cosine of x.
asin(x)	Returns the arc sine of x.
atan(x)	Returns the arc tangent of x.
atan2(y, x)	Returns atan(y / x)
cos(x)	Returns the cosine of x
hypot(x, y)	Returns the Euclidean norm, sqrt(x*x + y*y)
sin(x)	Returns the sine of x
tan(x)	Returns the tangent of x
degrees(x)	Converts angle x from radians to degrees
radians(x)	Converts angle x from degrees to radians
acosh(x)	Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of x
asinh(x)	Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of x
atanh(x)	Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of x
cosh(x)	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x
sinh(x)	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x
tanh(x)	Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x
erf(x)	Returns the error function at x
erfc(x)	Returns the complementary error function at x
gamma(x)	Returns the Gamma function at x
lgamma(x)	Returns the natural logarithm of the absolute value of the Gamma function at x
pi	Mathematical constant, the ratio of circumference of a circle to it's diameter (3.14159...)
e	mathematical constant e (2.71828...)

So that was all about arithmetic operators in Python. I hope now you got the clear idea of how powerful python is. So, that was all for today. In the next lecture, we will have a look at How to create IF Loop in Python. Till then take care and have fun !!! :)

How to use String in Python

Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great. In today's tutorial, we will have a look at How to use String in Python. It's our 3rd tutorial in Python series. We have discussed strings in our previous lecture How to use Data Types in Python. String is a most commonly used data type in python that's why I have created a separate lecture on it. Python has many built-in string operations, which we will discuss today in detail. So, let's get started with String in Python:

How to use String in Python

• String Data Type is used to store or collect one or more characters or sequence of characters, we can place any alphanumerical or special character in a string.
• Let's create a string in python, it has a simple syntax, as shown below:

first_var = "Hello World"

• There are two sorts of strings, we can use in python:
  • Single Line.
  • Multiple Lines.
• The above-given example is for a single line, like if you want to write an email or product name, etc.

Multiple Lines String in Python

• If you want to write an essay, story, report etc. then you will need to use Multiple Lines string, which is created by placing triple quote around the data, as shown in below figure:

• As you can see in above figure, we have written multiple lines in welcome string.

Strings Operators

• If you are using an apostrophe, you will need to use use double quotes, otherwise, the interpreter will not be able to understand it and will give you a syntax error, as shown in below figure:

• But if I write in double-quotes, then it will work fine, as shown in below figure:

Escape sequences in Python

• If you are using double quotes in the same string, then you will need to use a backward slash ( \ ), as shown in the image.
• Run the program and see the result in the console window:

Now I have another escape sequence ( \n )

• If I want to add a new line break then I will use escape sequence ( \n ).
• As you can see in below figure, I have printed the name & age of Richard in separate lines using escape sequence ( \n ).

Tab escape sequence is \t

• I wrote it with tab escape sequence ( \t ) and run the program, see the six spaces in the printed window:

Some useful points before I move further:

• You can use backward slash and forward slash \/ like this.
• You cannot use the backward slash at the end of the string before the end of the quote.
• You will use double backward slash ( \\ ), if you want to print one.

Concatenation in Python

• In concatenation, we connect multiple strings together, we use ( + ) sign in order to concatenate strings.
• Let's understand it with an example, as shown in below figure:

• As you can see in above figure, I have printed multiple strings in a single line using ( + ) sign.

 String Formatting In Python

When we use multiple strings, it gets harder to concatenate those strings, and it is difficult to remember each string format and codes. In such cases, we need to format those strings. Let's understand it with an example:

• In String Formatting, we simply place our variables in curly brackets, as shown in below figure:

• No need to add multiple quotes and + symbol, instead simply use curly brackets for variables.

String Indexes in Python

In python, when we store a string, it goes with an index for each of its element one by one, because it is a sequence of characters. Let's understand it with an example:

• For example, I saved the name "Ali Haider" in a string then each of its character has an index assigned with it.
• I have shown the string and the index starting with a comment # in below image:

• So, that means index of  A=0, L=1, I=2, (for blank space, it is also a character and its index is 3), H=4, a=5, i=6, d=7, e=8 and r=9.
• After that, I have printed first three characters of that string by writing a range of [0:3], it eliminates the ending index and shows the result as from 0 to 2, which makes the word Ali. (see above image )
• If you want to print till the final value, then you wont need to write the last index, you will just write it as [0: ].
• If I write in this way, print(player_name[:]), then it will print the whole string again.
• You can also write negative indexes like print(player_name[-1]) and it will print r from the right side.

Before moving further, I will tell you a magical feature that only Python allows.

• Type print("a" * 30) and check the magic in print window:

Builtin String Functions in Python

Python has numerous excellent builtin string functions, which we can access using  DOT ( . ) operator. These builtin functions are quite helpful, so let's have a loot at few of them: string.upper()

• This upper() function will make characters of the string uppercase, as shown in below figure:

• If, I write print(Precaution.isupper()), It will check the string, whether its uppercase or not.
• If string will be in uppercase it will return True and if it's not in uppercase, it will return False.

string.lower()

• Now let's convert string characters to lowercase by using lower() function.
• When I type print(precaution.lower()), It will print the whole string in lowercase, as shown in below figure:

string.replace()

• Now if we want to replace any word, then we need to use print(precaution.replace("WEAR", 'BUY')), It will replace the WEAR word with BUY, as shown in the image:

So, that was all about How to use Strings in Python. I have tried to cover all the main points and rest we will keep on covering in coming lectures. In the next lecture, we will have a look at How to use Arithmetic Operators in Python. Till then take care & have fun !!! :)

How to use Data Types in Python

Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great. In today's tutorial, I am going to show you How to use Data types in Python. It's our 2nd tutorial in Python series. In our first tutorial, we have seen a detailed introduction to python and we have also installed PyCharm IDE to work on python. Today, we will understand data types in detail as in order to design an efficient program, you need to select correct data types. Incorrect selection may cause memory loss and may slow your application. So, let's get started with data types in Python:

Data types in Python

• Data Types are used for the classification or categorization of similar data packets. There are numerous data types available in python, which we can use depending on our projects' requirement.

• Let's understand data types with an example: Suppose you have some digital data i.e. ON & OFF then you can save this data in Boolean data type but what if your data ranges from 1 to 10, then you need to use integer data types instead of Boolean.
• You can save Boolean data in integer data type but that will be a redundant i.e. we are allocating more space to our data by specifying integer, when we can easily assign Boolean to it.
• Here's the flow chart of available data types in Python language:

Now let's have a look at these data types one by one:

Numeric in Python

• Numeric data types are used to deal with all types of numerical data packets i.e. integer, float etc.
• Numeric data types are further divided into 3 types, which are:
  • Integer.
  • Float.
  • Complex Number.

Integer in Python

• Integer (int) data type only holds integer numbers, it could be positive or negative.
• We can't save decimal numbers in integer data type.
• Here's a declaration of a variable x and it is assigned a value a of integer 20:

x = int(20)

Float in Python

• Float data types are used to hold decimal numerical values i.e. 2.13, 3.14 etc.
• We can also save whole numbers in float data types.
• Here's a declaration of a variable x and it is assigned a value a of float 20.5:

x = float(20.5)

Complex Numbers in Python

• Complex Number data types is used to keep complex numbers in it. Complex numbers are those numerical values which have real & imaginary part.
• That's the versatility of python language, I haven't seen complex number data type in any other programming language.
• Here's a declaration of a variable x and it is assigned a complex number 1+3j:

x = complex(1+3j)

Dictionary in Python

• Dictionary data type is sued to save data in key -> value  form. The data is unordered but the value is paired with its key.
• Dictionary data is placed inside curly brackets i.e. {1:"Jones", 2:"IronMan", 3:"Football", 4: "Mosque"}.
• Here's a declaration of a variable x and it's assigned a dictionary data type:

x = dict(name="John", age=36)

Boolean in Python

• Boolean is the simplest data type of all and has just two values assigned to it i.e. True or False.
• Although it's quite simple but its too handy as we have to use it a lot in IF statements. ( We will cover that later )
• Here's a declaration of a variable x, assigned a Boolean data type and it's TRUE:

x = bool(1)

Sequence Type in Python

• Sequence Type data types are used to save data in characters form.
• We can't save numerical data in sequence type but we can convert the two. ( We will discuss that later )
• Sequence Types are further divided into 3 types, which are:
  • String.
  • List.
  • Tuple.

Strings in Python

• A string is used to save one or more characters and it's the most commonly used data type.
• Let's understand it with a simple example: You must have seen greeting messages on different projects, we save such data in strings.
• We will discuss strings in detail in our next lecture, where we will perform different operations using strings.
• Here's a declaration of a variable x, which is assigned a string "Hello World":

x = str("Hello World")

List in Python

• List data type is used to collect an ordered data, not necessarily of the same type.
• List data is displayed with square brackets.
• We will discuss this in our upcoming lectures in detail, here's a declaration of list:

x = list(("apple", "banana", "cherry"))

Tuple in Python

• Tuple data type is used to arrange ordered data, it's quite similar to list but the data is displayed with small brackets.
• Here's a Tuple declaration:

x = tuple(("apple", "banana", "cherry"))

So, we have discussed all these data types in python and if you are not understanding any of them yet then no need to worry as we are going to use them a lot in our coming projects, so you will get them. Before moving to next lecture, let's discuss variables in python a little:

Variables in Python

• Variable is a temporary location in computer's memory, which is used to save the data.
• As the name implies, we can change its value using different operations or information given to the program.
• Typically, a program consists of commands that instruct the computer what to do with variables.
• Variables are assigned with tag name, using which we call the value saved in it.
• For examples: x = 5, here x is the name of the variable and 5 is its value.
• In python, we can use special characters, letters, and any number as a variable name.
• Wide spaces and signs with meanings like "+" and "-" are invalid in python.
• You should remember that the names of variables are case sensitive. As the uppercase letter "A" and lowercase letter "a" are considered as different variables.
• As variables are used to save data thus they also assigned a data type. So, a variable could be of int, float or string. (as we seen above)
• In python, it's not necessary to define variable data type, python sets it dynamically.
• There are some variables, which are reserved and we cannot use them.
• We can also change the variables later and assign it to a new variable.
• For example, I have set a value 10 in a variable eat.

eat=100

• Then I added and stored the value of eat+10 in a variable cot.

cot = eat + 10

• So, now cot will be 110.

Types of Variables Here I have set some examples of Variables and their types.

• X = 456 #integer
• X = 456L #Long integer
• X = 4.56 #double float
• X = "world" #string
• X = [1, 2] #list
• X = (0, 1, 2) #tuple
• X = open('world.py' , 'r') #file

You may assign a single value to multiple variables at the same time.

• Variable x, y, and z are assigned with the same memory location with the value of 1.

x = y = z = 1

• Let's create few variables in python, I have created first_name, date_of_birth & last_name, as shown in below figure:

• I have printed first_name and its appeared in the output panel.

So, that was all about Python Data Types & variables. I hope you have enjoyed today's lecture. In our next lecture, we will have a look at Strings in Python. Till then take care & have fun !!! :)

Introduction to Python

Hello Engineers! Hope you all are doing great. In today's tutorial, I am giving you a detailed lecture on Python programming language. As I am writing this tutorial for beginners, that's why I will discuss each & everything in detail, so it's going to be a very lengthy tutorial and I have divided it in parts.

We will start from basic concepts in Python and will slowly move towards advanced concepts. It's going to be a quite long bumpy ride but I will try my best to make it as smooth as I can. So, let's get started with basic Introduction to Python Language:

Introduction to python

• Python is a multi-purpose, object-oriented High-Level Programming language, with applications in multiple areas, including scripting, machine learning, data sciences, scientific learning, cloud computing and artificial intelligence.
• It is the most popular language of 2019, and it is going to flourish exponentially in upcoming years because of its versatility & flexibility.
• Organizations like Google, NASA, and CIA are using it already.
• Python processes at RUNTIME by the INTERPRETER, so you don't need to compile your program before executing it.
• There are three major versions of Python programming language are available i.e. 1.X, 2.X and 3.X. They have sub-versions such as 2.2.3 and 3.3.1.

So, the IDE (Integrated Development Environment) which I am going to use is PyCharm Community Edition.

• PyCharm Community Edition is free of cost and open-source. You can use it easily.
• Jetbrains developed this for professional developers.

Prerequisites for Python

As I have told you earlier, I will start from the very basics and will cover almost everything about Python, so if you follow & practice this tutorial completely then you will surely learn Python, even if you are a beginner and know nothing about programming. But still, it would be better if you have:

• knowledge of some basic concepts like loops, control statements, variables, etc.
• It is not required to learn any other programming language before you learn python.
• It is not required to have an engineering background to learn this language.
• If you are from any other discipline like Sciences, Social sciences or any other academic field, you can still learn it.

Uses of Python

• As I have mentioned earlier, Python is used in various areas like Machine learning, scripting, scientific computing, Artificial Intelligence, cloud computing etc.
• So many communities are forced to use python these days, such as:
  • Network Engineers.
  • Software Engineers.
  • Data Analysts.
  • Mathematicians.
  • Scientists.
  • Accountants.
  • Website & App Developers.
• A wide range of jobs are using this multi-purpose language, namely:
  • Desktop application development.
  • Mobile application development.
  • Web application development.
  • Automation Scripts.
  • Algorithmic and high-frequency trading.
  • Machine learning.
  • Artificial intelligence.
  • Software testing.
  • Hacking.
  • Mathematics.
  • Networks.

I hope now you have the idea of Python's importance these days. So, let's move on to the next step.

DATA SCIENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING

Data science and machine learning are the main reasons, why programmers are learning this language.

• Python offers different frameworks and libraries, for example, PyBrain, PyMySQL, and NumPy.
• Python experience allows you more than R Language.
• You can create scripts to automate material and go with web developments, and so on, respectively.
•  If you want to work in machine learning, you can easily work with Python.
• Some of the examples of machine learning are, google chatbots. They answer your questions and queries through python algorithms.

Download & Install Python

Enough with the theoretical stuff, now let's get our hands on Python software:

• First of all, you need to download Python, they have provided Python for Windows, Linux/UNIX, Mac OS X etc.
• At the time of this writing, Python 3.8.3 is the latest version, so download & install it.
• Make sure you check the Python path when you continue, otherwise, it will not work in the future.
• Next, we need to download PyCharm, which is the IDE for professional developers.
• You will find two versions on its download page i.e. Professional and Community.
• We are going to download the community version for now, as we are in the learning phase.
• You can download PyCharm for Windows, Mac & Linux.
• After downloading the PyCharm, simply install it.
• During installation, you need to check on the
  • 64-bit launcher.
  • Add launcher dir to the PATH.
  • Create Associations .py
• I have ticked these 3 options, as shown in the below image:

• Now click on the Next button and then click on Install and PyCharm will be installed on your computer.
• You need to restart your computer for adding launcher dir to the PATH.

Creating First Python Project on PyCharm

• Click the PyCharm icon and open the IDE.
• On its first run, it will ask for the UI theme, which I am going to select Dracula, as I like the dark one.
• Now, click on "Create New Project, select the location where you want to save your file and then click close.

We have created our first project in PyCharm and next, we need to add python files to this project. So let's start with the first Python program.

• In the left window titled Project, we have a tree structure of our files.
• These are library files that are necessary for running the project successfully, we will discuss them later.
• So, in this Project Panel, we need to right-click on our Project Folder and then New and then select Python File, as shown in the figure on the right side.
• Give a name to your file, as I have named it myy.py.
• Now let's write our first line of code:

print("my world, my rules")

• Click on Run in the top menu bar then select Run. You can also use the shortcut key (Alt+shift+F10).
• IDE will ask you to select the file for execution, so we need to select our python file.
• Once you select your python file, a new dialog box will open up at the bottom, and you will find your string printed there i.e. my world, my rules.
• Here's the screenshot of our first Python code in Pycharm:

• So, we have successfully executed our first Python code in PyCharm. :)

So, that was all for today. I hope now you have a better understanding of what python is and why its so popular. If you have any questions, please feel free to as kin comments. In the next lecture, we will have a look at datatypes in python. Till then take care and have fun !!! :)