The Engineering Projects

Introduction to 50N06

Hello friends! I hope you will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to give you an elaboration about Introduction to 50N06. 50-N-06 is a device having three terminals named as gate, drain and source respectively. It is made up of silicon and is capable of current conduction up to 50A. I have already shared basic knowledge about different electronic devices in my previous articles like Introduction to MC34063, MMBD914, MSP430, NE555, NE556 and LM2902. Before going into the details of this article you must go through my previous tutorials for the better understanding. 50-N-06 provides fast switching speed. 50N06 is an N-channel power Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) specially designed to handle particular power levels. It uses the DMOS technology which is a double diffused metal oxide semiconductor. 50-N-06 has a lot of features. Its most common features include fast switching, low CRSS, very low gate charge, improved dv/dt capability, complete avalanche energy specified and many more. In the later part of this article I will specially keep focus on the basic knowledge about using this device including its pins information, actual image, pinout diagram, ratings, features, applications etc. The main purpose to design this device is fast switching applications which is its most important and common applications around the world. The further detail about the basics of 50-N-06 will be given later in this section.

Introduction to 50N06

50N06 is and N-channel power MOSFET. Power MOSFET is a device designed to handle a specific level of power. It is made up silicon having capability of conduction up to certain level as given above. It has three terminals gate, source and drain, their detail will be given later. 50-N-06 is based on DMOS technology. It has different features including low charge on gate, fast switching, specified avalanche energy and a lot others as well. 50-N-06 is given in the figure shown below.

1. 50N06 Pins

• It has total three pins, each is assigned with a different task to perform either separately or simultaneously.
• All of its pins are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.

 

2. 50N06 Pin Symbols

• Just for the sake of easiness, each pins is assigned with a symbol, which is the first letter of its name.
• The symbols assigned to each of the three pins are provided in the table given in the figure shown below.

3. 50N06 Symbolic Form

• Symbolic representation of a device shows the internal circuit through a simple symbol.
• 50-N-06 symbolic form is given in the figure shown below.

4. 50N06 Pinout

• The most important thing to know about an electronic device is it pins configuration.
• We can not properly use any device until we don't know about its proper pins configuration.
• Pins configuration can be understood by the pinout diagram of the particular device.
• I have already shared pinout diagrams of other IC's in my previous tutorials e.g. Introduction to PC817, PIC12C508, TL072, TL081, TL431 and TL494, you must have a look at these articles.
• 50-N-06 pinout diagram is given in the figure shown below.

• You can see in the above figure, I have provided the animation of 50-N-06, its real image as well as its symbolic form.
• This all will be quite helpful to understand its pins configuration.

5. 50N06 Ratings

• To turn ON any electronic device, there is a need of external power supply.
•  It is compulsory to know about the power requirements of a specific device for the specific purpose.
• We can estimate the power requirements of any device through its ratings manual.
• 50-N-06 ratings are listed in the table shown in the figure given below.

6. 50N06 Features

• Features of a device play a vital role in making that device popular among its competitors.
• If a product has unique and amazing features, that could be one of the top products of today's market.
• 50-N-06 features are provided in the table given in the figure shown below.

7. 50N06 Applications

• There are a lot real life applications associated with 50-N-06,
• Fast switching is the most common applications.
• Moreover, the other applications are listed in the table shown in the figure given below.

In the article Introduction to 50N06, I have provided the complete and detailed discussion on the basic applications of 50-N-06, it pin configurations, features, applications etc. I hope you have enjoyed the tutorial. If you found something missing in this tutorial, please let me know as soon as possible, so that I can immediately update it in order to avoid any future inconvenience. If you have any problems/issues, you can ask us in comments. Our team is always there to help you. I will share other interesting and informative topic in my later tutorials. Till then take care and bye :)

Introduction to SG3524

Hello friends! I hope you will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I will give you an elaboration on Introduction to SG3524. I have already shared articles on Introduction to 74HC245, 74HC595, CD4051, L293D, L298, LF351 and LF411. You should also go through all of these tutorials in order to have a better understanding. SG 3524 consists of all the important functions necessary to design inverters. Moreover, using SG-3524 we can also design regulation power supplies as well as switching regulators. This all design is based on a single chip. High power applications can also be controlled through this device. SG-3524 is especially designed for voltage doublers without transformers, transformer coupled DC to DC converters. Their design was also related to work for switching regulators as well as polarity converters. This was the brief discussion about this Integrated Circuit (IC). Now, I am going to discuss about its different parameters including its features and applications. SG-3524 has a lot of amazing features e.g. 8mA stand-by current, a complete power control circuitry for Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), No committed output for push pull applications as well as for single ended applications and many more. SG 3524 ha several different real life applications. Its applications include transformer coupled DC to DC converters, switching regulators of either polarity, regulating power supply, transformer less voltage doublers, PWM techniques and a lot more. The further detail about the basics of SG-3524 IC will be given later in this artice.

Introduction to SG3524

SG3524 is an integrated circuit having all the desired functions which are required to design dual polarity converters. It can also be used to design transformer coupled DC to DC converters as well as transformer less voltage doublers, It has a complete power control circuitry for PWM, which is its unique and special feature. It provides uncommitted output for single ended and push pull applications. Its major application area includes switching regulators having any polarity and transformer coupled DC-DC converters. SG-3524 is given in the figure shown below.

1. SG3524 Pins

• SG-3524 has total sixteen (16) pins having separate individual function.
• Its all sixteen pins along with their serial number, are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.

2. SG3524 Pins Description

• Since different function is associated with each of the single pins.
• We must have to understand function associated with each pin.
• SG-3524 pin descriptions/functions are provided in the table shown in the figure below.

3. SG3524 Packages

• Packages basically show the different models/versions of the same device.
• SG-3524 has three different packages, all are listed in the table shown in the figure given below.

4. SG3524 Packages Dimensions

• Each package is assigned with a different dimension in order differentiate them properly.
• Dimensions of all the packages are provided in the table given in the figure shown below.

5. SG3524 Pinout

• Pinout diagram tells us about the proper and detailed pin configuration of any electronic device.
• I have already shared pinout diagram in my previous tutorials e.g. Introduction to LM117, LM224, LM258, LM311, LM348, LM358 and LM380, you must have a look on all these.
• SG-3524 pinout diagram is given in the figure shown below.

6. SG3524 Logical Diagram

• Logic diagram of a device shows the internal logic followed by that device to perform any action.
• SG-3524 logical diagram is given in the figure shown below.

7. SG3524 Ratings

• Ratings show the power requirements of any electronic device.
• SG-3524 ratings are given in the table shown in the figure below.

8. SG3524 Features

• Features are such parameters which can make a device more popular.
• SG-3524 features are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.

9. SG3524 Applications

• SG-3524 has a wide range of real life applications.
• Few of the major applications of this device are provided in the table shown in the figure given below.

In the tutorial Introduction to SG3524, I have elaborated all the basic information about the use of SG-3524. I hope you have enjoyed this tutorial and waiting for your appreciation ;) If anything is missing in this article, please let me know so that I can immediately update it correspondingly. If you have any problem/issue, you can ask us in comments anytime. I will share other informative topics in my upcoming tutorials. So, take care and bye till my upcoming tutorial :)

IRFZ44N Datasheet, Pinout, Features, Equivalents & Applications

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to provide you a detailed Introduction to IRFZ44N.  IRFZ44N belongs to the family of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET). It is a power MOSFET. There are two types of MOSFET i.e. N-channel and P-channel. IRF-Z44N belongs to the N-channel family. It uses "Trench" technology and is enveloped in a plastic structure. It has very low on state resistance. It has zener diode, which provides ESD protection up to 2 kilo-volt. It is a low cost device and provides higher efficiency. It is easily available in the market these days and is mostly known because of its vast applications. IRF-Z44N has modern features i.e. advance processing technology, ultra low on resistance, dynamic rating, avalanche rated completely, quick switching process and many more. It has a wide range of real life applications including full bridge, push pull applications, consumer full bridge and a lot more. Let's discuss it in detail:

Introduction to IRFZ44N

• IRFZ44N belongs to the family of  N-channel Power MOSFETs, covered in plastic body and uses "Trench" technology.
• Similar to other transistors, IRFZ44N pinout has three terminals named as Gate, Drain and Source. They are denoted by the alphabets G, D and S respectively.
• Its features include very low on state resistance, high speed processing technology, completely avalanche rated etc.
• Push pull systems and full bridge are few of its real life applications.
• You should also have a look at its Characteristic Curves in Proteus ISIS.
• IRF-Z44N is given in the figure on right side.

IRFZ44N Pinout

• Pin configuration of any device can be understood through its pinout diagram.
• IRFZ44N Pinout consists of three (3) pins having different individual functions.
• IRFZ44N Pinout along with their symbols are shown as follows:

Pin No.	Pin Name	Pin Symbol
1	Gate	G
2	Drain	D
3	Source	S

IRFZ44N Datasheet

• You should download IRFZ44N datasheet, if you want the in-depth study on this mosfet.
• Here's the link to IRFZ44N datasheet:

IRFZ44N Ratings

• Before using any electronic device its power requirements must be known.
• These power requirements can be known through its ratings.
• IRF-Z44N ratings are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.

IRFZ44N Features

• Features are such parameters which can make a device more and more popular.
• IRF-Z44N major features are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.

IRFZ44N Applications

• Most of the devices are usually known on the basis of their applications.
• IRF-Z44N real life applications are provided in the table shown in the figure given below.

That is all from the tutorial Introduction to IRFZ44N. I have provided all the basic knowledge of IRF-Z44N. I hope you have enjoyed the tutorial and will appreciate my work. If you feel that there is something missing in this tutorial, please let me know as early as possible, so that I can update it in order to avoid any future inconvenience. If you have any problem regarding any engineering related issue, you can ask us in comments anytime. Our team is 24/7 available for your support. I will share different interesting topics in my upcoming tutorials. So, till then take care and bye bye :)

Introduction to 75N75

Hello friends! I hope you will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I will give you a detailed discussion about Introduction to 75N75. I have also shared different articles on Introduction to 2N3904, 2N3906, BC547, C945 and IRF540. You must go through all of these articles for the better understanding of this tutorial. 75-N75 is basically a Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET). MOSFET is a transistor which is frequently used in electronic devices for the amplification and fast switching purposes. MOSFET consists of four different terminals. These terminals include body terminal, source, drain and gain respectively. There two different type of transistors i.e. P-channel transistor and N-channel transistor. 75N-75 is N-channel MOSFET. It is designed specially to reduce gate charge and input capacitance. Mostly it is used for fast switching purposes. Therefore, in telecommunication and computer industry we can use it as a primary switch in DC to DC converters with a high frequency. It has several different features including fast switching applications, low gate charge, very low reverse transfer capacitance, high ruggedness and a lot more. It has a lot of real life applications including fast switching devices as well as General Purpose (GP) amplifiers. The further detail about the basics of 75 N75 and its features & applications will be given later in this tutorial.

Introduction to 75N75

75N75 is basically a N-channel Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET). It is mostly used in switching applications. It is a low cost device with higher efficiency and is easily available in the market. This device has three basic terminals or pins named as sourc, drain and gate. Source is denoted by S, drain is denoted by D and the gate is denoted by G. Its is designed in such a way that it reduces the gate charge and input capacitance. It major applications include fast switching and general purpose amplifiers. 75-N75 is given in the figure shown below.

1. 75N75 Pins

• This transistor has three (3) pins in total.
• Each pin is having different functions to perform.
• All of the three pins along with their names are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.

2. 75N75 Pin Symbols

• Different symbol is assigned to each pin on the basis of the first letter of its name.
• All the symbol corresponding to their names are provided in the table shown in the figure given below.

3. 75N75 Symbolic Respresntation

• Symbolic representation of any electronic device helps us to better understand the internal functions of that particular device.
• Symbolic representation of 75-N75 is given in the figure shown below.

4. 75N75 Pinout

• For having better understanding about the pin configuration of any electronic device, we must have a look at its pinout diagram.
• I have already shared pinout diagram of other IC's in previous tutorials e.g. Introduction to LM117, LM317, LM318, LM339, LM324, LM335 and LM348.
• Pinout diagram of the transistor 75N 75 is shown in the figure given below.

 

• You can see, in the above figure I have provided 75N75 animation, its symbolic duagram as well as its original structure in order to get better understanding.

 

5. 75N75 Ratings

• It is compulsory to know about the power requirements of an electronic device while using it, for its appropriate functions.
• Ratings are helpful in telling us about the power requirements of any device.
• 75 N75 ratings are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.

6. 75N75 Features

• Features of any device are its key parameters which can make a device more popular on the basis of uniqueness.
• Different features associated with 75 N75 are provided in the table given in the figure shown below.

7. 75N75 Applications

• Most of the electronic devices are famous in the market on the basis of their real life applications.
• So, we can say applications along with the features also play a vital role in the popularity of any electronic device.
• Applications associated with 75-N-75 are listed in the table shown in the figure given below.

• These were the few of its real life applications given in the above table.
• I have personally used 75-N-75 MOSFET in stepper motor driver, while designing my robotic lawnmower.
• Stepper motor driver is given in the figure shown below.

• My robotic lawnmower along with this stepper motor driver is also given in the figure shown below.

That is all from the tutorial Introduction to 75N75. I have provided all the basic and necessary details about the use of 75N-75 MOSFET. I have provided its pin details, their symbols, features, applications, symbolic diagram etc. I hope you have enjoyed the tutorial and it will be a helpful information for you all. If you have any sort of problem, you can ask us in comments anytime you want. Our team is always available for solving your issues. I will also share articles on other IC's as well in my upcoming tutorials. Till my next tutorial, take care and bye :)

Introduction to C945

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I would like to provide a complete discussion on Introduction to C945. You will see a detailed description on the basics of the transistor C-945 and its different parameters. I have already shared Introduction to MMBD914, 74HC245, NE556, LM348 and PIC18F4550. So, must go through these tutorials in order to have better understanding about different IC's. C-945 transistor is basically a Negative Positive Negative (NPN) bipolar junction transistor. C945 is usually used in the electronic circuits where there is a need of high speed transistor and a low current. C-945 has three semiconductor regions named as emitter, base and collector respectively. Since C-945 is a bipolar junction transistor, its base is doped with the positive or P type semiconducting material. Whereas, it collector and emitter both are doped with the negative or N type semiconducting material. When we apply voltage at C-945's base, the current starts to flow between collector and emitter. C-945 transistor is an electronic equipment used for low power applications. C945 has a lot of amazing features. These features include low current, low voltage, good linearity, low noise, complementary to A733 and many more. C-945 bipolar junction transistor has a wide range of applications in real life. Some of them include high speed switching applications, amplification processes, low power applications and a lot more. I have also provided all these information of other IC's in Introduction to L298, MC34063, LM386, TL072, UA741, 2N3906 and LM1458.  It is a low cost electronic component and is easily available in the market these days. It is most common equipment in the market due to its large range of applications. C-945 can also be used in two relay module used to drive different AC (Alternating Current) as well as DC (Direct Current) loads. If you want to work on C945 in Proteus, then you should download this C945 Library for Proteus. The further detail about C-945 transistor will be given later in this tutorial.

Introduction to C945

C945 is a Negative Positive Negative (NPN) bipolar junction transistor. It has three regions emitter, base and collector. Its base is doped with P type semi-conductor material. Emitter and collector are doped with N type semiconducting material. Its a low cost device and is very popular in the market due to its large range of applications. Its applications include fast switching, amplification, low power electronic circuits and many more. C-945 is shown in the figure given below.

• Moving from left to right pins of C-945 in the above figure are in an order emitter, collector and base.

1. C945 Pins Symbol

• C-945 has three (3) pins, each having different symbol.
• All the pins along with the symbols are give in the table shown in the figure given below.

2. C945 Pins Names

• It has three pins having different individual functions.
• C-945 pin names are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.

• Symbols of C-945's pins are shown on the left side of the table.
• Its pin names are listed on the right side in the above table.

3. C945 Pinout

• Pinout diagram represents the pin configurations of any electronic device.
• A new user can be easily able to use any device after going through its pinout diagram
• C-945 pinout diagram is shown in the figure given below.

• You can see from the above figure, I have provided the animation, symbolic representation and real image of C-945 bipolar junction transistor.
• For the pinout diagram of other IC's, you must also have a look at Introduction to LM393, LM317, 1N4007, and LM335.

4. C945 Pin's Doping Material

• As we already know C-945 is a NPN bipolar junction transistor, i.e. it has both type of doping materials N-type as well as P-type.
• It base region is doped with P-type semiconducting material and is sandwiched between emitter and collector.
• Both emitter and collector are doped with N-type materials.
• The doping materials of all the regions are listed in the table shown in the figure given below.

5. C945 Ratings

• If we have not used any device before, we must know about its power requirements.
• We can estimate the power requirements of any electronic device with the help of its ratings.
• C-945 ratings are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.

6. C945 Features

• A device's popularity is directly related to its features.
• If a device is having more unique and beneficial features, it will be more popular among its competitors.
• C-945 some of the features are provided in the table given in the figure shown below.

7. C945 Applications

• Today, most of the devices are popular and known on the basis of their application areas.
• So, we can conclude that applications plays a vital role in the importance and popularity of an electronic device.
• C-945's few of the applications are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.

• Here's a short video in which I have shown How to use this C925 Transistor:

In the tutorial Introduction to C945, I have tried my best to provide all the important details about the basics of the NPN bipolar junction transistor named as C945. I have provided the deaitls about its pin configurations, features, applications etc.I hope you enjoyed the tutorial. If you have any problem, you can ask us in comments anytime, without even feeling any sort of hesitation. Our team is 24/7 here to help and to entertain you. I will share different IC's information in my upcoming tutorials as well. So, take care till my next tutorial :)

Introduction to MC34063

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to share a detailed Introduction to MC34063. It's normally required for the construction of DC to DC converters. MC34063 has a high current output switch, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller with current limiting, compensated reference of internal temperature, a comparator and a driver. For the inverting, boost and buck applications there is no need of a huge complicated external components, instead they can be performed using minimum external components. MC 34063 operates properly in the temperature ranging from 0 to 70 degree celsius. MC34063 ha s wide range of applications in real life e.g. portable equipment, Human Machine Interface (HMI), test and measurement, telecommunications, computing and consumer, cable solutions etc.

Introduction to MC34063

• MC34063 is basically a monolithic control circuit having all the functions required for the construction of DC to DC converters i.e. buck converter, boost converter or inverters etc.
• It consists of multiple functions, which are:
  • Comparator.
  • Oscillator.
  • High current output switch.
  • Active Peak Current Limit.

• MC 34063 requires minimum externals equipment for buck, boost applications.
• It has a lot applications including, cable solutions, blood gas analyzer, telecommunications etc.
• The current, voltage and power ratings of MC 34063 are shown in the table given below:

MC34063 Maximum Ratings
No.	Parameter	Symbol	Value	Unit
1	Power Supply Voltage	Vcc	40	V
2	Comparator Input Voltage Range	Vir	-0.3 to +40	V
3	Switch Collector Voltage	Vc(switch)	40	V
4	Switch Emitter Voltage	Ve(switch)	40	V
5	Switch Collector to Emitter Voltage	Vce(switch)	40	V
6	Driver Collector Voltage	Vc(driver)	40	V
7	Driver Collector Current	Ic(driver)	100	mA
8	Switch Current	Isw	1.5	A

1. MC34063 Pinout

• MC34063 is available in DIP, SOIC & SON packages.
• These packages of MC 34063 has eight (8) pins each.
• Each of these pins along with its name is shown in the table given below:

MC34063 Pinout
Pin No.	Pin Name
1	Switch Collector
2	Switch Emitter
3	Timing Capacitor
4	Ground (GND)
5	Comparator Inverting Input
6	Voltage (Vcc)
7	Ipk
8	Driver Collector

• I have also labelled these Pins on the IC for better understanding:

2. MC34063 Pins Configuration

• MC 34063 pins configuration along with the functions associated each of the pin is provided in the table shown below.

• All the eight pins of MC 30463 with the functions associated with them are shown in table above.

3. MC34063 Proteus Simulation

• As I have told earlier, MC34063 is used mostly for buck or boost applications.
• So, I have designed this simple buck converter Proteus Simulation of MC34063, where I have converted voltage from 12V to 5V.
• Here's the circuit diagram of buck converter shown in below figure:

• You can see in above figure that input voltage of this buck converter is 12V while the output voltage is 5V.
• The circuit I have designed in Proteus is kind of a basic circuit of MC34063.
• By changing the values of resistors and inductor, you can change the output voltage.
• You can download this Proteus Simulation of buck converter by clicking below button:

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4. MC34063 Packages

• MC 34063 has different packages, a few of which are shown in the table given below.

• The three packages including PDIP, SOIC and SON along with their dimensions are shown in the above table.

5. MC34063 Features

• The different features associated with MC 34063 are provided in the table shown below.

• The description of the features associated with the device MC 34063 are provided in chronological order in the table shown above.

6. MC34063 Schematic Diagram

• The internal circuitry of the device MC 34063 is shown in the figure given below.

• From the above figure, you can see that MC 34063 consista of oscillator, 1.25V reference regulator, gate and a combination of transistors etc.

7. MC34063 Applications

There are a lot of applications associated with MC34063, a few of which are given below.

• Human Machine Interfaces (HMI).
• Portable devices.
• Measurement and test.
• Gas and blood analyzer.
• Consumer
• Computing
• Telecommunications.
• Cable solutions.
• These are the few applications associated with MC 34063.

So, that is all from the tutorial Introduction to MC34063. I hope you enjoyed this exciting tutorial. If you are facing any sort of issue regarding anything, you can ask me in comments anytime you want, without even feeling any kind of hesitation. I will try my level best to sortout your problems, if possible. Our entire team is also 24/7 there to entertain you. I will explore further hardware equipment in my upcoming tutorials. So till then, Take Care :)

Introduction to LM386

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to explain you about Introduction to LM386. Its a power amplifier specially designed for low voltage consuming applications. The gain of LM 386 is set around 20 internally. But the gain could be increased due to the insertion of external resistor and capacitor between the pin number 1 and 8. The gain could increase to any value from 20 to 200. The LM-386 inputs are ground referenced. The output are biased to the half of the input voltage levels automatically. When LM 386 operates on 6V, its quiescent power drain is around 24mW. This property of LM-386 makes it ideal for the battery operation. Its major features include battery operation, minimum external parts / equipment, low quiescent current drain, wide supply voltages. LM 386 has avery wide range of applications including intercoms, power converters, TV sound systems, ultrasonic drivers, portable tape player amplifiers, line drivers, AM FM radio amplifier, small servo drivers. Futher detail about LM-386 will be given later in this tutorial. [otw_is sidebar=otw-sidebar-7]

Introduction to LM386

LM386 is a power amplifier used for low voltage application requirement. Its gain is internally set around 20 but due to the external resistor and capacitor gain can vary between 20 to 200. It is assumed to be ideal for the battery operation when operating around 6V. Its has a lot of real life applications e.g. servo drivers, line drivers, TV sound systems, FM radio amplifier etc. LM-386 is show in the figure below.

1. LM386 Pinout

• LM 386 has eight (8) pins in total having different individual functions.
• All of the pins along with their symbol are given in the table shown below.

2. LM386 Pins Configuration

• A properly labeled pin diagram of any device results in better standing of the user.
• I have made a completely labeled diagram of LM-386 diode along with its animation.
• The complete pinout diagram along with animation, symbolic representation and the real image of LM 386 is shown in the figure below.

3. LM386 Packages

• LM 386 has different type of packages LM386N-1, LM386N-3, LM386N-4 and LM386M-1.
• All of theses packages along with their dimensions and part number are given in the table shown below.

4. LM386 Ratings

• The current, voltage and power ratings of any device shows its power requirement i.e. how much amount of current and voltage is sufficient for its operation.
• I have provided LM 386 current, power and voltage ratings in the table shown below.

5. LM386 Schematic

• The schematic diagram of a device helps us to understand its internal functionality.
• I have provided the labeled schematic diagram of LM-386 as shown in the figure below.

 

6. LM386 Applications

• LM386 has a wide range of real life applications, a few of which are given below.
• AM-FM radio amplifiers.
• Amplifier with a gain of 20 shown in the figures below.

• Whereas the amplifier with a gain of 200 shown in the figures below.

• Line drivers.
• TV sound systems.
• Ultrasonic drivers.
• Power converters.
• Small servo drivers.
• Portable tape players.

So, thats all from the tutorial Introduction to LM386. I hope you enjoyed this amazing tutorial. If you have any sort of problem, you can ask me in comments, any time you want, without even feeling a bit of hesitation. I will try me level best to sort out your issues in a better way, if possible. Our team is also 24/7 available to help you out. I will explore further IC's and diodes in my upcoming tutorial and will share them with you as well for sure. So, till then, Take Care :)

Introduction to UA741

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be fine and having fun. Today, I am going to give you an elaboration on Introduction to UA741. UA 741 is basically a general purpose operational amplifier. This amplifier is considered to be ideal for the voltage follower applications because latch-up operations are no there in its case and it moreover it has High Common Mode Input Voltage Range (HCMIVR). UA-741 is a high performance operational amplifier made up of single silicon chip. UA 741 is stable without using external components, due to the internal frequency compensation and this device is safe from the short  circuiting. In order to cancel the effect of offset voltages we can use a small valued potentiometer/resistor. UA-741 can operate in a temperature ranging from 0 degrees celsius to 70 degrees celsius. This device has several different features including latch-up free operation, large common mode input voltage ranges, short circuit protection, large differential voltage ranges, capability of nulling offset voltages. UA 741 has a lot applications e.g. Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) recorders, audio mixers, DVD players etc.

Introduction to UA741

UA741 is a general purpose amplifier. It is known as an ideal amplifier for voltage follower applications. UA 741 has good stability without even using the external components. This stability is due to the latch-up free operations and high common mode input voltage ranges. It has amazing features like short circuit protection, latch up free operation, no frequency compensation, offset voltage nulling capability, large common mode voltages etc. Its real life applications include audio mixers, DVD recorders, DVD players etc. UA-741 is shown in the figure below.

1. UA741 Pins

• UA741 has eight (8) pins in total each having different functionality.
• All of the eight pins along with their names are shown in the table given below.

2. UA741 Pins Description

• Each of the 8 pins has its own individual feature.
• The function associated with each pin is given in the table show below.

3. UA741 Pinout

• Labeled pinout diagram of any equipment provides help in better understanding of the user.
• A completely labeled diagram of UA 741 along with its animation and schematic is given below.
• The complete pin diagram along with animation, symbolic representation and the real image of UA-741 is shown in the figure below.

 

4. UA741 Packages

• UA 741 has 3 type of packages PDIP (8), SO (8), and SOIC (8).
• The all packages are provided in the table given below below.

5. UA741 Packages Dimensions

• Each of the three packages has different dimensions.
• All of the three packages are shown in the table given below.

6. UA741 Ratings

• The ratings of any equipment like voltage rating, current rating and power rating show the power requirement of that device e.g. how much power, voltage and current is required for its operation.
• UA 741's current, voltage, power ratings are given in the table shown below.

7. UA741 Schematic

• Schematic representation of an equipment presents the internal functionality of that equipment.
• A labeled schematic diagram of UA-741 is given in the figure shown below.

8. UA741 Features

UA741 has several different features as given below.

• Latch-up free operations.
• High gain.
• No frequency compensation required.
• Large input voltage range.
• Short circuit protection.
• Capability of nulling offset voltage.
• Large differential voltage ranges.

9. UA741 Applications

UA 741 has a lot of real life applications, few of those applications are given below.

• Functions generator.
• Integrators.
• DVD recorders.
• Summing amplifiers.
• DVD players.
• Active filters.
• Audio mixers.
• Voltage followers.

This is the detailed discussion about Introduction to UA741. I hope you have enjoyed this exciting tutorial. If you have any of problem, you can ask me in comments any time you want, without feeling any hesitation. I will try my best to solve your issues in some better way, if possible. Our team is also here to help you. I will explore further IC's in my later tutorial and will surely share all of them with you as well. Till then, Take Care :)

Introduction to NE555

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to share my knowledge about Introduction to NE555. NE 555 is a precise timing circuit device. It can produce the precise time delays and oscillations. The time interval can be controlled by external resistor and capacitor when NE-555 operates in mono stable mode.Whereas in adjustable mode two external resistors and one capacitor controls the duty cycle and frequency. NE555 is an Integrated Circuit (IC/Chip) which can be used in different types of timers.  The output circuit is capable of bearing current up to 200mA. NE-555 timer works on voltage ranging from 5V to 15V. The output level have compatibility at 5V supply. NE 555 timer can be used in oscillator applications and pulse generation as well. Further detail about NE-555 will be given later in this tutorial.

Introduction to NE555

NE555 is a timing circuit Integrated Circuit (IC). It produces the accurate oscillations and time delays. It has two modes of operations i.e. mono stable mode and adjustable mode. In mono stable mode time interval is controlled by external resistor and capacitor. Whereas adjustable mode includes the control of duty cycle with two external resistors and a single capacitor. NE 555 timer has several different applications including finger print biometric, RFID reader, Iris biometrics etc. NE 555 timer is shown in the figure below.

1. NE555 Pins

• NE555 timer has eight (8) pins in total four (4) on the left side of the IC and the remaining four (4) on the right side of the IC.
• All of the pins are shown in chronological order in the table shown below.

2. NE555 Pinout

• A properly labeled pin diagram of the device helps user in their better understanding.
• I have provided a properly labeled diagram of NE 555 along with its animation and schematic.
• A proper pin diagram along with animation, symbolic representation and the real image of NE-555 is shown in the figure below.

 

3. NE555 Packages

• NE 555 has four (4) different types of packages TSSOP, SOIC (16), PDIP (16) and SOP (16).
• All of the four packages are given in the table shown below.

4. NE555 Package Dimensions

• Each of the package has different individual dimensions.
• The dimensions of all of the MAX 232 packages are shown in the table given below.

5. NE555 Functional Diagram

• The functional diagram of any device presents the complete working of that device.
• Functional diagram of NE 555 is shown in the figure below.

6. NE555 Features

The features associated with NE 555 timer are given below.

• Timing from micro seconds to hours.
• Adjustable or mono stable operation.
• Adjustable duty cycle.
• TTL compatible output up to 200mA.
• Lead (Pb) free/
• RoHS compliant.
• Green molding compund.

7. NE555 Ratings

• Current, power and voltage ratings of a device presents the power requirement of that device i.e. how much voltage, power and current is necessary for its operation.
• I have provided NE555 current, voltage, power ratings in the table shown below.

8. NE555 Applications

NE 555 timer has several different real life applications, some of them are given below.

• RFID reader.
• Finger print biometrics.
• Iris biometrics.

So, that was all the necessary detail about Introduction to NE555. I hope you enjoyed my tutorial. If you have any sort of problems, you can ask me in comments, any time you want so, without even feeling any type of hesitation. I will try my best to sort out your issues in a better way, if possible. Our team is also available to entertain you. I will explore further IC's in my upcoming tutorials and will share all of them with you as well. So, till then, Take Care :)

Introduction to TL072

Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to share my knowledge about Introduction to TL072. TL 072 is basically a high speed Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET). It is also known as the dual operational amplifier. It has a bipolar transistor and high voltage JFET in its case. TL-072's important features include low offset current, high slew rates, low input voltage, low offset temperature coefficient etc.

Some of the major features may include low power consumption, low noise, common mode input voltage range includes Vcc, latch-up free operation etc. TL 072 has a very wide range of applications including oscilloscope, solar inverters, AC inverters and VF drives, audio mixers, Un-interruptable Power Supply (UPS) etc. Further detail about TL-072 will be given later in this tutorial.

Introduction to TL072

TL072 is a Junction Field Effect Transistor abbreviated as JFET. Sometimes it is also known as a dual operational amplifier. It has several different amazing features including low noise, low power consumption, high slew rates, latch-up free operation, low temperature coefficient. It can be used in UPS, audio mixers, solar inverters, oscilloscope, AC inverters etc. TL-072 is shown in the figure below.

TL072 Pinout

• TL 072 has eight (8) pins total, each of the pins has a different individual function.
• All of the eight pins are given in the table shown below:

TL072 Pinout
No.	Parameter Name	Parameter Value
1	Pin # 1	Output A
2	Pin # 2	Inverting Input A
3	Pin # 3	Non-Inverting Input A
4	Pin # 4	Ground(GND)
5	Pin # 5	Non-Inverting Input B
6	Pin # 6	Inverting Input B
7	Pin # 7	Output B
8	Pin # 8	Vcc

• The properly labeled TL072 pinout diagram including its animation, real image and symbolic representation, is shown in the figure below:

TL072 Internal Amplifier

• The internally used amplifier in TL 072 is shown in the figure below.

• TL-072 uses two internal amplifier as shown in the section below.

TL072 Symbolic Representation

• The symbolic representation of any device shows the internal structure of that device.
• The symbolic diagram for TL-072 is shown in the figure below.

• You can see in the above figure there are two amplifiers in the internal structure of TL 072.
• The inputs of 1st amplifier are attached to pin 1 and 3 and its output is attached to pin 1.
• The inputs of 2nd amplifier are attached to pin 5 and 6 and its output is attached to pin 7.

TL072 Schematic Diagram

• The schematic diagram of a device shows its internal operations.
• A completely labeled schematic diagram of TL-072 helps a lot in better understanding of the new user.
• Properly labeled schematic diagram of TL 072 is shown in the figure below.

TL072 Package and Order Codes

• While ordering and device or while purchasing that device we must its order code.
• Some of the major order codes of TL-072 are given in the table shown below.

TL072 Ratings

• The current, power and voltage ratings must be known to a user before using the particular device.
• They show how much power is consumed by the particular device.
• The current, power and voltage ratings along with their typical values and SI units, are shown in the figure below.

TL072 Features

TL 072 has different amazing features, a few of the major features associated with TL 072 are given below.

• Wide common mode voltage.
• Low bias voltage.
• Low input offset current.
• Low noise.
• Low power consumption.
• Internal frequency compensation.
• High slew rates.
• Latch-up free operation.
• Output short circuit protection.

TL072 Applications

TL 072 has a lot of different applications, some are given below:

• Audio mixers.
• AC inverters.
• VF drives.
• Oscilloscopes.
• Systems with DLP front projection.
• Solar inverters.
• Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS).
• A quadruple oscillator, a complete circuit design is shown in the figure below.

This tutorial has elaborated the detailed discussion about Introduction to TL072. I tried my level best to cover almost all of the important things related to TL 072. Let me know if I have missed something. If you feel any kind of problem you can ask me in the comments anytime. I and my entire team are always here to help you out. Further IC's will be explained in the later tutorials. Till then, Bye :)