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1. What is Semiconductor? Definition, Types, Examples & Industries
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What is IoT (Internet of Things)? Definition, Meaning, Devices & Applications

Hi Guys! Glad to have you on board. In this post today, we’ll cover What is IoT (Internet of Things)? We’ll also discuss IoT Definition, Meaning, Devices & Applications. Smart homes, smart cities, smart cars, smart wearables, smartphones, smartphones, and the smart world. These terms that have been creating a buzz for the last few years fall under IoT technology. I suggest you read this post all the way through as we’ll cover in detail what is IoT. Let’s jump right in.

1. What is IoT?

• The IoT harnesses the power of the internet to connect physical devices in real-time. So any physical object connected through the internet can be converted into an IoT device. For example, how are you reading this article… over a smartphone, tablet, or PC? You’re already connected through the internet and are using an IoT device.
• Similarly, a light bulb, which is a physical object itself, will be considered as an IoT device when connected through a smartphone app to turn it on and off. IoT examples may include washing machines, refrigerators, watches, laptops, phones, cars, and pretty much everything we can connect with the internet.

• Generally, the internet of things examples include quick access to the appropriate information at the right time, be it related to exercising, traveling to a meeting, socializing, shopping, or visiting a doctor.
• Sensors are a crucial part of the IoT network. That means millions of sensors connected through IoT sensor technology worldwide to collect a rich set of context-aware and informational data including images, location, and weather conditions, and inject into the networks and applications for the data processing.

IoT Full Form

• IoT stands for Internet of Things.

IoT Definition

• The Internet of Things or IoT is defined as the process of connecting physical devices through the internet for sharing, collecting, and transferring data.
• IoT adds the fabric of digital intelligence to the physical things connected through the internet, making the world around us more exciting and responsive.
• IoT can help connect the people living in the remotest corners of the world. Plus with devices functioning at incredibly low power, IoT provides solutions without risking the system’s accuracy. This is possible since at the smallest level we can incorporate these things with smart technology for them to communicate over the internet.

• Don’t see IoT as an individual system, but as an integrated infrastructure that can handle many services and applications at a time. Such applications include city-wide activities like efficient transportation systems, waste management systems, others include worldwide activities like global delivery systems, security systems while others include personalized activities like bridging the gap between the digital world and physical world.

IoT Benefits

IoT emerging technology offers scores of benefits that include:

• Enhancing efficiency and productivity of business operations with minimum investment
• Making revenue streams and new business model
• Helping better data analysis of soil to increase production
• Providing good automation and control with easy to use technology
• Obtaining data-driven results from IoT information
• Saving time and money by automating the manual tasks
• Improving the productivity and quality of life
• Effortlessly connecting the physical world around us with the digital world
• Drastically improving patient data analysis helping doctors make intelligent decisions

Brief History of the Internet of Things

• Over the past few years, we have witnessed tremendous growth in IoT. But how did we reach there? It ages back to the year 1964 when Carl Steinberg, a German computer scientist, said… “In a few decades, computers will be interwoven into almost every industrial product.”
• It was a big statement at that time when computer technology was not so advanced. It took almost 25 years to invent the first IoT device in the year 1990 when John Romkey created a toaster, the first IoT device ever, which can be controlled over the internet.
• In the following year, a group of students at the Carnegie Melon University had developed a Coca-Cola vending machine with micro-switches over the internet to monitor the availability of coke bottles and identify which columns in the vending machine had the most chilled coke.
• Know that, experts were using IoT applications long before the term IoT has been introduced. The term IoT was first coined by Kevin Ashton, a British Technology Pioneer, in the year 1999, although it further took almost 10-years for the IoT technology to resonate with the thought.
• The breakthrough of IoT technology, however, was occurred in the year 2008, 09 when more things were connected through the internet than the human beings on this planet earth.

2. IoT Devices in Real World

• Anything that can connect through the internet falls under IoT technology. So the IoT unit is a device that collects information using sensors and actuators from the surrounding and sends this captured information to the internet for the processing of that data.
• An IoT device can be as small as the size of the pill and as large as the gigantic industrial machinery given that both are connected through the internet. It means even we humans can become a part of IoT if we’re connected through the internet.

• Typically, IoT devices use machine learning and AI to automate processes and systems including medical equipment, industrial manufacturing, agriculture, and more.

It normally takes two things to convert any device into an IoT device:

• The device can be connected to the internet.
• The device can be incorporated with sensors and functional software that can communicate with the network.

When these two properties are added together into one device, they generate an IoT device. The following list is documented with IoT devices that you can buy and experience by yourself.

1. Google Home Voice Controller

• Priced at $130, the Google Home voice controller is an IoT device that works on your voice commands. It comes with remarkable features including a thermostat, alarm, media, and more which you can control using your voice.
• Using this device, you can plan your day by managing alarms and timers. Moreover, you can control the home lights – doesn’t matter if you’re at home or miles away.

2. Amazon Dash Button

• Amazon dash button is an IoT device that makes your life easy and simple. When you press the button, the device uses a Wi-Fi signal to connect with the Amazon Shopping app.
• This way you can instantly order the items which have already been included in the cart.
• Be careful while placing your new order, because you cannot place a new order until the previous order is delivered.

3. Amazon Echo Plus Voice Controller

• Amazon voice controller is another IoT device that you can purchase for only $99.99. It can do a lot of functions like ask questions, set timers, and alarms, do phone calls, play songs, manage home instruments, check the weather, and more.
• Now, you can do messaging and phone calls just by your voice commands. It features a sound canceling mechanism, helping you deliver your voice message even if the songs are being played.

4. August Doorbell Cam

• August Doorbell Cam is a tremendous addition to IoT technology. Using this device, you can answer the person standing at your door. You can do it from anywhere inside the house or from a remote location.
• With this device, you also get August Smart Locks which allow entry to only authorized persons to your house. The device is incorporated with a floodlight that ensures video in full-color HD print.

5. WeMo Light Switch

• WeMo smart light switch is a reliable and innovative IoT device. It helps you control your home lights from your voice or by using your cell phone. It features a WiFi reset, WiFi indicator, and easy on/off push button.
• Compact and easy to install, the WeMo light switch is easily integrated with your home WiFi network, giving wireless access to your home lights.

3. IoT Communication Protocol

Still, reading? Perfect. Hope you’ve got a brief insight into what is IoT. In this section, we’ll cover 7 communication protocols of IoT technology. Let’s get started.

1. Bluetooth

• Mostly used in wearable products, Bluetooth is a short-range IoT communication protocol. It is a wireless technology mainly used to layout the connection between devices without physical interference.
• Bluetooth can connect two devices up to 164 feet apart because it uses radio waves with frequencies ranging between 2.400 and 2.485 GHz.
• An IoT device must include a microprocessor to manage Bluetooth and a second device to interface with it. Two different versions of Bluetooth are normally used for IoT devices that are Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and Bluetooth Classic – mainly developed for devices that run on low levels of power.

2. Zigbee

• Zigbee is a wireless technology, similar to Bluetooth, mainly introduced to deal with lower-power low-cost IoT networks.
• It is also deployed for radio-frequency applications in industrial and commercial settings where secure-networking and long battery life are required. It can support different network topologies and features a low-duty cycle.

3. WiFi

• WiFi is the most common IoT communication protocol. It is a wireless technology that gives the freedom to use the internet from anywhere within the range of WiFi signals.
• A wireless router is used to develop the connection with the devices. The 802.11ax is the newly introduced WiFi standard in 2019 that determines how your WiFi network behaves like the speed of the data transfer and the frequency used.

4. Z-wave

• Z-wave is the wireless technology that operates on low power and doesn’t interfere with your WiFi network.
• Using this technology, you can connect your smart devices with the internet and control them from the distance. It uses low-energy radio waves, giving you wireless control over home appliances.

5. Cellular

• For long-range communication, cellular technologies can be used for IoT networks like GSM, and 3G/4G. Companies are working to integrate 5G in their cellular devices that ensure a faster network with more capacity.
• The 5G technology works on improving the frequencies on which cellular technologies will transfer information.

6. LoraWAN

• The LoRaWAN is a wide area (LPWA) and low power networking protocol introduced to connect battery-operated 'things' wirelessly to the internet.
• The transmit range of this network is more than 10km, typically ranges between 15 to 20Km.

7. NFC

• NFC stands for Near Field Communication, is a low data rate, short-range IoT technology that allows safe and secure communication between IoT devices.

• Again, this technology uses a radio frequency field with a frequency of 13.56 MHz. NFC technology is mainly introduced to exchange information between two electronic devices by using a simple touch gesture.

4. How big is IoT?

• The IoT technology is not limited to smartphones and laptops only. It is slowly and steadily sneaking into almost every field of our regular life including healthcare, smart cities, connected cars, smart homes, connected wearables, and whatnot.
• The number of connected devices is increasing every day, paving a way for a fully automated world in near future. IoT devices are connecting our physical world with the digital world, improving the productivity and quality of our life.
• According to techjury, almost 35 billion devices will be installed throughout the world by 2021. Smart units like smart refrigerators and thermostats are the most searched topics on Google nowadays and are planning to give us never seen before experience.
• IDC, Tech Analyst Company, has estimated that almost 41.6 billion IoT devices will be connected by 2025. According to a Cisco report, IoT technology is going to produce $14.4 trillion in the next decade across all industries. Yes, you’ve guessed it right, IoT will bring a change, nobody can imagine.

5. IoT Projects

The following IoT project list is particularly useful for students, who are beginners and planning to get a hands-on experience with this IoT technology. So if you’re looking for IoT project ideas for your final year project, this list would suffice.

1. Smart Agriculture System

• The smart agriculture system project stays at the top of the list. Since the current trajectory of the smart agriculture system demands making the farming process automatic with minimum human interference.
• Using IoT technology, you can handle your crops right from the comfort of your home using a smartphone.
• Schedule fertilizer spray on the crops and monitor soil moisture from a distance. Moreover, you can check the weather conditions and plan your farming process accordingly.

2. Air Pollution Monitoring System

• An air pollution monitoring system is used to monitor the pollution level in the atmosphere.
• Sophisticated sensors are incorporated in the system that measures five components in the air including carbon monoxide, ozone layer, nitrous oxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter.
• Apart from temperature and humidity sensors, a gas sensor is also included in the system that identifies the presence of flammable dangerous gages in the air.

3. Smart Alarm Clock

• A smart alarm clock is a remarkable addition to IoT technology.
• This unit not only wakes you up but also comes with other features including a text-to-speech synthesizer, voice command option, audio amplifier volume control, and automatic brightness adjustment. Moreover, you can also include customized features to your smart clock.

4. Facial Recognition System

• A facial recognition system plays a key role to follow security protocols. It is an IoT system that recognizes the human face through technology.
• This system monitors the geometry of your face using deep learning algorithms and compares it with the known faces in the database.
• The facial recognition market stood at $4 billion in 2017 but is predicted to increase to $7.7 billion by 2022.

5. Smart Garage Door

• Build a garage door and control it with IoT technology. Yes, this is possible. You don’t need to install bulky chains to open and close your door. Integrate your smartphone with an IoT network, and control your garage door on the fly.
• The smart notification option in this system keeps you notified about the current status of the door if it is open or close.
• Raspberry Pi is used in this project where you’ll create a webserver with Raspberry Pi and control the garage door with your smartphone.

6. Smart Cradle System

• The smart cradle system allows parents to keep an eye on their infants. This system includes a voice detecting mechanism through which the cry of the child is monitored.
• Moreover, a surveillance camera is connected to the cradle that can check up on the activities of infants and can inform parents by sending the footage of their kids.
• Plus, many sensors are incorporated into this system that monitors the humidity and temperature of the cradle and sends alerts if the baby sheet needs replacement.

7. Home Automation System

• Home automation system ensures the automatic functioning of home appliances and electronic devices, thereby helping you control them from a distance.
• Home automation system consists of sensors and a WiFi connection that allows you to manage household objects from your IoT device that can either be smartphone, tablet, or PC.
• Now, locking the doors, turning on lights, and controlling the home appliances is just one click away.

6. IoT Applications

On a large scale, the following are the real-time applications of the IoT network.

1. Smart Home

• With the concept of IoT sparked in recent years, Smart home is the most used keyword searched on Google and it is said that soon, keeping a smart home will become as common as keeping a smartphone.
• A smart home is a location that uses IoT technology to monitor and control your home from a distance. You can, for example, lock and unlock the doors in your absence.
• Don’t you worry if you forget to turn off the air conditioner upon leaving your home, with IoT technology you can turn off the AC with the flick of a thumb.
• Smart home units are purposely designed for a specific purpose and companies like Ecobee, Nest and Ring are making incredible strides to offer an unprecedented experience to the targeted audience.

2. Smart Cities

• Like smart homes, smart cities are another unique concept based on IoT technology.
• In a smart city, pretty much everything will be connected through the internet be it, energy management system, transportation system, smart surveillance, water distribution, or environmental monitoring.
• The entire city will be roped with sensors to get data from the surroundings and with the internet to process that data, offering cost-effective solutions to the users.

3. Manufacturing

• Manufacturing machinery embedded with sensors provides data from the equipment failure to the manufacturer on which they can decide if the equipment requires proactive maintenance.
• Sensors can typically monitor the duration when the production process is compromised.
• The sensor alerts ensure the safety of equipment and bring a competitive advantage over others, helping businesses to minimize the production costs, and improve the business model on data-driven insights.

4. Healthcare

• The Healthcare industry is widely dependent on the IoT asset-monitoring system. Nurses and medical staff often require the exact location of an available wheelchair.
• The wheelchairs embedded with IoT sensors can help locate the patients, incredibly decreasing costs and cutting down the useless doctors’ visits. IoT offers accurate informational data with minimized waste and automated workflows, reducing the risk of error.
• The remote connection between doctors and patients over the internet is possible with IoT.
• Even in this pandemic, doctors don’t necessarily have to visit the patient in person, and can examine the patient over the internet without physical human intervention.

5. Smart Parking

• It is hard to locate the place for car parking in crowded cities. This is where smart parking comes in handy. The IoT devices count the number of cars entering the specific facility and the number of cars leaving out.
• Moreover, you’ll be notified of the exact location of your car so you can come back to the same location without getting lost.

6. Waste Management

• Waste management is a hectic task to handle by municipal corporations of big cities. Since the management tools are not properly sanitized and the route covered by the trucks is not always properly planned.
• IoT devices installed in the waste collection area often help waster collectors check the availability of trucks, handle the efficiency of the entire process and evaluate the capacity of the waste dumps.

7. Motion Detection

• Motion detection technology is another remarkable facility that falls under Internet of Things examples. Using this technology you can detect human activity in certain areas.
• This is often helpful in high-security areas where only authorized persons are allowed in specific premises. Motion detection is carried out by IR sensors and IoT cameras.

8. Transformation and Logistics

• The automotive industry can get massive advantages with the use of IoT technology. Sensors embedded in automotive vehicles can detect the impending failure of vehicles and inform the drivers about the parts that need replacement. The informational data collected through IoT applications can help car owners keep their cars up and running.
• Thanks to IoT sensors, now the ships, trains, and trucks responsible for inventory can be re-scheduled based on the driver availability, vehicle availability, and weather conditions. The sensors can be installed on the inventory itself to monitor the temperature of the surrounding environment and track-and-trace products accordingly.
• The pharmaceutical and beverage industries often come with temperature-sensitive inventory that monitors the rise and fall of temperature and sends alerts to re-examine the surrounding temperature.

9. Noise Monitoring

• Noise monitoring is another application of IoT that keeps the noise within control limits. Some factories produce an incredibly loud noise, affecting everyday life throughout the day.
• Such premises are incorporated with sensors that monitor the noise produced by the factory and send an alert in case the noise goes higher than the threshold limit.
• Noise monitoring IoT devices are also installed inside homes that monitor your voice, indicating your presence inside the room and adjusting the room lights accordingly.

10. Ensures General Safety

• IoT technology trends guarantee general safety across all industries. Employees working in dangerous environments like gas fields, power, and chemical plants often need alerts about the happening of a disastrous event.
• When they are equipped with IoT-based sensors, they can be informed about the hazardous event, consequently triggering the backup plan to rescue them.
• Even IoT ensures the safety of your homes. You can incorporate a security system with the internet that gives permission to the authorized people inside and locks up everything upon leaving the house.

7. IoT Companies

This section is dedicated to detail the popular IoT companies worldwide.

1. Softeq

• Introduced in 1997, Softeq is a software company that offers full-stack development services related to mobile, web, embedded software, desktop apps, and hardware.
• Included with 300+ employees, Softeq is also famous for providing IoT solutions and IoT application development under a single roof. The headquarter of this company is based in Houston, Texas, USA.

2. ScienceSoft

• Founded in 1989, ScienceSoft offers IoT services to a range of departments including retail, healthcare, manufacturing, telecom, oil and gas, and transportation.
• Moreover, it also provides IoT consulting that covers architecture design, strategic IoT planning, and tech stack selection.
• Plus, it also offers managed IoT services that include troubleshooting, technical support, and security and cloud management.

3. Oxagile

• Located in New York, USA, Oxagile offers comprehensive IoT services including software development, IoT consulting, integration, hardware prototyping, and continuous enhancement.
• It was founded in 2005, and more than 350+ employees are working in this company.
• Moreover, it is equipped with professional staff that offers expertise in big data, computer vision, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity.

4. Style Lab

• Founded in 2006, Style Lab is an IoT software company that provides services for web frontend reporting, backend infrastructure, and mobile applications.
• Famous for software development, Style Lab offers solutions for smart homes, healthcare IoT and industrial IoT.

5. HQ Software Industrial IoT Company

• HQ software is dedicated to offering services like mobile app development, software re-engineering, IoT consulting, and software development.
• It offers a range of IoT solutions to companies like IoT automotive, IoT healthcare, Industrial IoT, and Smart homes. It was founded in 2001 and almost 100 employees work here.

6. PTC

• Founded in 1985, PTC provides detailed IoT solutions to industries including manufacturing, automotive, defense, and life sciences.
• They help their customers get impressive results through CAD solutions, industrial IoT, and augmented reality.

7. Cisco

• Founded in 1984, Cisco is famous for designing, manufacturing, and selling networking products. They offer a range of services to companies including datacenter, collaboration, security, mobility, and wireless.
• Its IoT solutions include IoT data management, IoT gateways, IoT networking, IoT security, and IoT operation management.

8. IoT Gateway

An IoT gateway acts as a central hub for IoT devices and manages the communication between the internet, sensors, users, and applications. IoT gateway is a hardware unit that contains application software for performing important tasks. It plays a key role in making a connection between destinations and different data sources. An IoT gateway can perform the following tasks:

• Buffering, Data caching, and streaming
• Layout device to device communication

• Ensures security between the connected devices
• Can perform system diagnostic
• Can do basic data analytics and data visualization
• Guarantees data aggregation

An IoT smart gateway is an important link that delivers edge computing power to field technicians. Its main purpose is to capture sensed information and build a connection with external networks. IoT gateway offers a route for different communication technologies and processes the information before sending it. Most IoT devices can perform data aggregation. Sensors installed in your car, for example, can perform data aggregation and send this data to the IoT gateway before sending it to the Al analysis cloud service.

9. IoT Future Research

• Before I document IoT future predictions, know that the sensing and actuation ability of IoT devices are not limited to public spaces only, but also stretch into apartments and homes where people can use security, entertainment, health, and energy apps to make their lives responsive and easy.
• Gone are days when you had to learn programming skills to build a new app, now running and installing new apps is as common as plugging a toaster into the electric board. Using these apps, a range of tasks can be managed on the go including ordering food online, handling fitness routines, monitoring heart rate, or even getting health suggestions about your medical problems.

• The future of the internet of things is massive and will be going to change the way we interact and communicate with others.
• A smart city comes with scores of systems including water, sewerage, waste management, transportation, buildings, and utilities of different kinds, and so forth. To achieve the convenience and sustainability of cities, it’s important to keep the operations of such systems organized and well-planned, and IoT can play a key role to get there.
• Moreover, the parts of these systems have to be integrated horizontally to produce new applications where data is analyzed throughout the system. Because these systems carry their informational data and semantics where each of them works independently, it is challenging to develop new applications that keep working with them and can decode the data present in these systems
• Exporting data with semantic annotations is one way to address this issue. This will incredibly ease the task of collecting data from different sources and constantly comprehending them, which leads to the making of new applications.

Conclusion

• From agriculture, industrial machinery, and healthcare, to transportation, smart homes, and smart cities, IoT technology is slowly sneaking into everywhere.
• The IoT technology is mainly introduced to bridge the gap between the physical and digital world. Anything that can connect with the internet can be converted into an IoT device. Currently, there are more IoT devices connected worldwide than human beings on the planet earth and this figure is drastically increasing every day.
• Using this technology, you can make your homes safe and secure, improve your health, and keep an eye on your infants from anywhere in the world.
• With the recent advancement in IoT technology, electronic devices and sensors are becoming cheaper, giving you the ability to automate your everyday life with easy to install and cost-effective technology.
• The IoT technology detailed in this article is just the tip of the iceberg because most companies making incredible leaps in IoT technology are at the trial stage with IoT. But this is certain if companies continue to work with IoT network with the recent pace, and as the number of connected devices will continue to grow, you’ll witness soon your environment will be occupied with smart products.

That’s all for today. Hope you’ve enjoyed reading this article. If you have any questions, you can approach me in the section below. I’m happy and willing to assist you the best way I can. Feel free to share your valuable feedback and suggestions around the content we share so we keep coming back with quality content customized to your exact needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.

What is Electronic Engineering? Branches, Scope, Jobs, Salary and Courses

Hello Friends! I hope you are doing well. Today, we are going to discuss a very comprehensive branch of engineering named "Electronic Engineering". We will cover the following content: Branches' of Electronic Engineering, electronic engineering vs electrical engineering, electronic engineering jobs, electronic engineering salary, electronic engineering courses, electronic engineering degree, final year project ideas of electronic engineering and top electronic engineers & their contribution. Trust me; this is going to be very informative. So let's get started! Electronics engineering is actually a sub-field of electrical engineering, but a broad field itself and further divided into various sub-fields such as analog electronics, consumer electronics, digital electronics embedded electronic systems and power electronics. Don't worry, we will also discuss these branches of electronic engineering briefly in this article. But here, let's start from the very basic what is Electronic Engineering?

What is Electronic Engineering?

• Electronic Engineering(sub-branch of Electrical Engineering) deals with the designing & developing of electronics circuits/systems using electronics components i.e. semiconductors(transistors, diodes etc.), integrated chips(ULN2003, CD4050 etc.), logic gates etc.
• Although Electronics Engineering was initially derived from Electrical Engineering but it has quickly established itself as Major Engineering Branch.
• Now-a-days, new engineering branches are getting derived from Electronics engineering i.e. Embedded Systems.
• Electronics has revolutionized technology as electronics devices are small-sized and highly efficient.

History of Electronics Engineering

After the revolution of Electrical Engineering, world was introduced with electrical devices i.e. radio, printers, televisions etc. The manufacturing process of these electrical devices was normally divided into three sections, which were:

1. Mechanical: The designing of mechanical box to encapsulate everything.
2. Electrical: Designing of electrical power supply circuits, which normally involved transformers, capacitors, inductors etc.
3. Electronics: Designing of electronic circuits to perform smart operations i.e. turning power on/off, controlling IR remote etc.

Initially, these electronics circuit designing was the job of electrical engineers but later on, it seemed necessary to consider it as a separate branch and eventually around 1950 electronics engineering emerged as a new engineering field. Now-a-days, electronics engineering is enlisted in almost every engineering university.

Electronic engineering VS electrical engineering

As I mentioned in above section, Electrical engineering deals with the power management i.e. grid station, transmission lines, power generation, power conversions(AC to DC or vice versa) etc. So, in simple words, everything involved with electricity supply comes under electrical engineering. It could be a power supply to a simple computer or designing of a power grid itself. While Electronics engineering deals with the designing of smart circuits or kits, specifically designed for performing smart fixed operations. Let's understand the difference with the example of a simple general purpose computer/laptop, it's power supply is designed by an electrical engineer while its circuits/chips(i.e. RAM, ROM, processor etc.) are designed by electronics engineer.

Branches of Electronic Engineering

There are many branches of electronic engineering. In this section, I will discuss them briefly for your better understanding.

1. Signal processing

This branch of electronic engineering deals with the evaluation and analysis of signals. There are two kinds of signals; analog and digital. In analog signaling, the main concern is amplification of audio signals using different equipment. Whereas, digital signaling involves the checking and correction of error in the system.

2. Telecommunications engineering

It mainly focuses on the proper transmission systems of information using different communication devices (e.g. transceiver). They usually work on the strength of signals, make them strong enough to communicate well without any hindrance. This is also known as electronics and telecommunication engineering, deals with IT, computer and networking. They also find jobs in the air and space companies to get information. They are also responsible for checking aircraft communication n and navigation system proper functioning before the flight. Their works are in various firms and organization involve in air and space.

3. Electromagnetics

This branch provides insight study about the wireless and wired signals transmission channels.  Such as the key focuses are on electromagnetic waves, Transmission Lines and Waveguides, Antennas, their types and uses with microwave and radio frequency waves.

4. Control engineering

This branch of electronic engineering has broad uses in airplane companies and automation industries.

5. Instrumentation engineering

These engineers work on the designing and manufacturing of physical quantity measurement devices. Such as temperature measurement, pressure, flow, etc. They have a very deep understanding of physics principles.

6. Computer engineering

This is one of the key branch of electronic engineering, mainly working on complex computer systems. They also design novel computer software and hardware and enhance the use of computers in the industries.

Electronics engineering jobs

Today, Electronics engineering is considered one of the most rewarding career choices. Their main responsibilities are to design, develop, maintain, and properly install electrical devices in specific industries (commercial industries, medical field, or military). Further, they analyze what the customer needs, and then calculate the cost and efficiency to fulfil the plan. They are responsible for communication signals and lighting systems in businesses, homes or other firms. They gets hired from different fields for example:

• Electronics design and development.
• Telecommunications.
• Automation industries.
• Consumer products electronic engineering
• Medical electronics.
• Manufacturing engineering.
• Broadcast.
• Research & development.
• Aeronautical electronics.
• Defense electronic engineering.

Electronics engineer salary

The demand for electronic engineers holding an academic electronic engineering degree from well-known institutes has increased a lot in the market. Let’s me tell you the estimated annual salary of the most common job of electronic engineering

• The annual salary for Instruments manufacturing, navigational, electromedical, measuring and control systems electronic engineers is $114,260.
• Those electronic engineers working under federal government projects (e.g. postal service) are paying an annual salary of $112,870.
• Further, the annual salary of electronic engineers responsible for the manufacturing of semiconductors and many other electronic components is $106,240.
• Electronic engineers in telecommunication systems are earning an annual salary of about $98,600.

So this is all about the most electronic engineer’s jobs and salaries. I hope you have understood very well the branches of electronic engineers and their scope in the market. This will be going to help you in your future.

Electronics engineering courses

Now you are well aware that every university has its own curriculum, but there are some major subjects taught by every electronic engineer to get an electronic engineering degree. I have enlisted below; have a look.

Mathematics	Electronic Communication
Physics	Electronics Engineering
Electrical Engineering	Electronic Measurements
Digital Systems	Applied Communication Skills
Applied Communication Skills	Electronic Communication
Computer and Programming Skills	Design Project
EDL	Radio Engineering
Applied Calculus	Microwave Communication
Introduction to Electronics	Software Engineering
Electrical Engineering	Management
Digital Systems	Electronic Applications
Applied Communication Skills	Industrial El
Digital Communication	Power Electronics

Electronic Engineering projects

If you are a student of electronic engineering and want to get the degree, you must be thinking about your final year project ideas. Do you? A good and unique final year project can help you a lot in your future as well. So, here are some suggestions and top discussed issues in the field of electronic engineering. I really want to share these ideas with you for your help in your final year project to earn an electronic engineering degree.

• You can design a more efficient solar system for home use
• Robotic Arm for those who are interested in automation
• Developed any smart energy projects
• Digital signaling processors using python
• Novel designing of circuits or integrated circuits
• Innovation in the traffic lighting system
• Design & developed weather monitoring equipment
• The tracking system in the vehicle
• Automated home appliances
• Radar communication system
• The invention of high dimensional smart cameras.

Thus, these are the latest project ideas for you. I hope you have got an idea for your final year project for electronics engineering. Let me tell you another important thing here. What are the main steps you have to follow in developing your final year project successfully?

• First; you have to design the initial concept of what you think
• Developed this design
• Testing of this initial developed design
• If it is efficient then start developing the final design
• If not, then after trial make suitable changes in your design
• Final design testing and analysis
• Introduced it into the market and check the popularity

Top universities offer an Electronic Engineering degree

There are so many universes offering electronic engineering degrees all over the world. I am going to enlist some top universities below. Check it out!

Harvard University	Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
University of Oxford	Washington University in St Louis
Stanford University	Wuhan University
Massachusetts Institute of Technology	Texas A&M University
University of California, Berkeley	Macau University of Science and Technology
University of Cambridge	Politecnico di Milano
California Institute of Technology	University of Waterloo
Princeton University	Harbin Institute of Technology
ETH Zurich	Aalborg University
Peking University	National University of Singapore

Best Electronic Engineering Books of all Times

1. Next Generation HALT and HASS

HALT (highly accelerated life test) AND HASS (highly accelerated stress screen) are the novel paradigm methodology-based techniques to check the reliability of electronic devices. The author explains these equines in this book. So if you want to work on these techniques, I strongly recommend this book.

2. Integration of Renewable Sources of Energy

This is the all-time challenging task in electric engineering to develop energy from renewable sources. Now novels techniques have been using such as bounds and leaps in generating energy from fossil fuel or nuclear energy sources. This book is all about understanding with practicing techniques related to renewable energy sources.

3. Digital Electronics, Volume 3

If you are working on developing a digital electronic device for your final year project, this is a must-read book for you. It teaches you all the basic guides about electronic equipment designing and basic principles to developing them. The author provides insight into the circuit and its types such as a combinational logic circuit as well as a sequential logic circuit. So I found these books on electronic engineering most interesting. But there are so many other books I want to recommend here. These books can provide you complete guidance during your electronic engineering degree.

• Elements of Power Electronics.
• Portable Electronics Product Design & Development.
• Low-Power Electronics Design.
• Handbook for Electronics Engineering Technicians.
• Advanced Electric Drive Vehicles.
• Design of Brushless Permanent-Magnet Motors.
• Integrated Electronics.
• Electrical and Electronics Reference Manual for the Electrical and Computer PE Exam.
• Basic Electronics.
• Learning the Art of Electronics.
• Electronic Design Automation for Integrated Circuits Handbook.
• A Dictionary of Electronics and Electrical Engineering.
• Electrical and Electronic Principles and Technology.
• Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Systems and Smart Grid.

Popular Electronic Engineers & their Contribution

To understand any branch of engineering, you must know about the popular engineers and their contribution in that field. That's why, I think its important to tell you about some top electronic engineers and their inventions here.

1	William Gilbert	He was one of the popular English scientists during the time of Queen Elizabeth. He completely changes the word electrics through his ideas. He did great work on static electricity and magnetism. He was the first who invented the term electric force and magnetic poles.
2	Benjamin Franklin	He is considered the master of electricity, has remarkable contributions to electricity. He proved that electricity and lighting are the same through experimental work on it. He also invented the lighting rod. Discovered the law of conservation and positive & negative charges identification.
3	Luigi Galvani	He has a great contribution to the field of bio electromagnetism. He did an incredible experiment with a dead frog’s leg muscles and work on signals and electrical patterns from nerves, tissues and muscles.
4	Charles-Augustin de Coulomb	He discovered two famous theories about the attractive and repulsive forces between charged bodies. He also explains the inverse square law as well as worked on conductors & dielectrics.
5	Alessandro Volta	He had great inventions in electronics engineering branch, discovered a reliable battery. Explains electromagnetism and the uses of electricity.

Some other popular electronic engineers are:

Lawrence A. Hyland	Caroline Haslett
Kees Schouhamer Immink	Oliver Heaviside
Konrad Zuse	Oskar Heil
Fleeming Jenkin	Heinrich Rudolf Hertz
Kristina M. Johnson	Hertzian waves
Johann Dirry	Peter Cooper Hewitt
James Clarke Maxwell	William Hewlett
Edith Clarke	Godfrey Hounsfield
Michael Faraday	Edwin J. Houston
Steve Wozniak	John Hopkinson

I hope this article will help you to get deep understand about electronic engineering, its branches, jobs & salaries, popular electronic engineering books and famous electronic engineers of all times. Moreover, I have also shared some ideas about final year project of electronic engineering. So check it out. Good Luck!

What is Electrical Engineering? Popular Fields, Major Courses, Scope, Jobs and Salary

Hello friends, I hope you are having a good time. In today's tutorial, I am going to discuss detailed information about what is Electrical Engineering? We will cover the following contents; Electrical Engineering fields, major & minor courses, Scope, Jobs, Salary, famous electrical engineers & their contributions and top universities that offer Electrical Engineering degrees.

Before further discussing our topic, let me ask you a question. Did you ever imagine your life without electricity? We can’t, right? That’s why, I always find electrical engineering, including its FE Electrical aspect, the most developed and broad field of engineering, provides thousands of job opportunities in different companies. For example, from smartphones to power generation houses, companies everywhere require electrical engineers. Are you also interested in the development and design of electrical devices? Then, I’m sure this tutorial is for you.

Now, let’s come to the point: what is Electrical Engineering?

What is Electrical Engineering?

• Electrical engineering (the engineering discipline) deals with the production & distribution of electricity as well as designing & developing complex electrical systems.
• Electrical engineering also involves the term electronics engineering, deals with electronic circuits (i.e. transistors, integrated circuits etc.), While the electrical engineers work with high power generation.
• Electrical engineers gets highly paid jobs in renewable energy projects, lighting & transport systems, power production & transmission etc.

Major courses of Electrical Engineering

Every university has a different curriculum but there are some major subjects, common in almost every electrical engineering syllabus. Let's discuss them out:

1. Electrical Machines: This subject is all about AC and DC motors and generators.
2. Power Systems: This subject teaches you about generation & distribution of electricity from Power house.
3. Control System: In this subject, you will learn about how to control, manage and regulate the electrical system and devices using various control loops.
4. Basic Electronics & communication subjects: This course will focus on analog & digital communications and electronic circuit.
5. Network Theory/Signal: This course focuses on teaching you the basic electrical principles.

Some other major subjects are:

• Introduction to Engineering.
• Basic electronics.
• Power Engineering.
• Electrical Machines theory.
• Circuit Theory.
• Computer Architecture.
• Non-conventional energy.
• Electrical installations.
• Electrical machines drawing.
• Power Circuits and Systems.
• Electrical control system.
• Digital Systems.
• Electrical lighting..
• Microprocessor Applications.
• Electric Circuits.
• Microprocessor.
• Principles of Programming.
• Switch gears and protection.
• Electromagnetics.
• Electrical instruments & materials.
• Signals and Systems.
• Microelectronic Circuits.
• Communication Systems.

Minor courses of Electrical Engineering

Minor courses also depend on university or also the choice of students. Let’s discuss some common minor courses choose by electrical engineering students.

Minor Courses of Electrical Engineering
Logic Design	Dynamic System Theory
Signals & Systems	Introduction to Learning from Data
Control Systems	Stochastic Processes
Electronics	Wireless Communication
Analog Electronics	Digital Communication
Machine Learning	Digital Signal Processing
Communication Systems	Introduction to Information Theory
Electrical Energy Systems	Speed Processing
Electromagnetics	Digital Image Processing & Communication
Physics of Semiconductor Devices	Computational Optical Imaging
Deep Learning	Optical Fibers and Waveguides
Optimization Theory and Methods	Introduction to Subsurface Imaging
Sustainable Power Systems	Lasers and Applications
Introduction to Biomedical Optics	Computational Methods (Materials Science)
Optical Spectroscopic Imaging	Solar Energy Systems
Introduction to Photonics	Physics of Semiconductor Materials
Engineering Optics	Semiconductor Devices
Electromagnetic Fundamentals	Electronic Optical & Magnetic Properties of Materials
Fabricating Technology for Integrated Circuits	Analog VLSI (Circuit Design)
Nano & Micro-Electronic Devices Technology	Analog Design Fundamentals

Branches of Electrical Engineering

Let’s find out some popular fields of electrical engineering and briefly discuss them.

1. Power and energy

Let me tell you, this field of electrical engineering, mainly deals with the generation and transmission of electricity on large scale.  Further, this is also working on the manufacturing of electrical generators, electrical motors and transformers. They also focus on the projects under governments such as power grid.

2. Automation and control

This field is actually all about developing, controlling different complex systems as well as controllers, and is responsible for their proper functioning. To design such controllers, they take helps form electrical engineers. The control engineers have all over in the airliners as well as in the modern automobile companies.

They also work in designing robotics using control algorithms.

3. Electronics

Electronic engineers are focusing on the designing of integrated electronic circuits & their components, transistors, capacitors, resistors, diodes and many more.

4. Microelectronics and nanoelectronics

They deal with the fabrication and designing of micro size electronic circuits components; such as semiconductor transistors.

5. Signal processing

They are working on the analysis techniques and testing of communication signals. It may be analog signals or digital signals.

In the case of analog signals, the signal processing mainly relates to amplification and filtering for telecommunications. Besides, In digital signals, signal processing involves in compression, detection of error & correction of error.

6. Telecommunications

They focus on the communication channels in space through coax cable, optical fiber or free space.

Some other popular fields of electrical engineering are:

• Radio-frequency engineering.
• Electronics.
• Systems engineering.
• Computer engineering.
• Photonics.
• Telecommunications.
• Signal processing.
• Power engineering.
• Optics.
• Instrumentation.

Electrical Engineering jobs and salaries

We have already discussed the fields of electrical engineering. According to BLS, mostly electrical engineers getting hired by research & development companies and popular engineering industries. Moreover, the federal government and other manufacturing industries are also interested in young electrical engineers. Electrical engineers generally worked indoors in any company, but the experienced & senior engineers may also get the position of just visiting sites. The manufacturing industries hired electrical engineers are:

• Defense.
• Marine.
• Commercial construction.
• Computers & components.
• Automotive.
• Lighting.
• Aerospace.
• Consumer electronics.
• Telecommunications & traffic control.
• Railroad.

There are also government departments, offer employments to electrical engineers in national laboratories, transportation departments as well as in the military. As you are well aware, each company has its own qualification criteria for job. Some firms need bachelor degree in electrical engineering.  But a master degree will enhance the chance of promotion and salary. Most importantly, most famous companies require the certificate from good institutes such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers or Institution of Engineering and Technology. Let’s talk about the estimated salary of an electrical engineer. In 2014, the estimate salary range of a bachelor degree holding electrical engineer was $55,570 to $73,908 according to research. The electrical engineers holding master degree with 5-10 years experience were paid with $$74,007 to $108,640. Additionally, a senior engineer with 15 years of experience with a doctorate degree was getting $97,434 to $138,296 salary. This is amazing; isn’t it?

What are the Key Skills of Electrical Engineering?

Common skills gained with an electrical engineering degree include:

• Develop a strong numeracy.
• Provides basic IT skills.
• Technical expertise.
• Self-management (such as planning & meeting deadlines).
• Allow to design and analyze technical diagrams.
• Teach how to do Team work & communication skills.
• Allow the flexibility.
• Make you able to identify and solve problems.
• Budgeting.
• Professional communication, spoken and written.
• Data analysis.
• Deeply understanding about how to deal with high electrical power systems & safety regulations.
• Provide awareness of other stuff; such as business and environmental issues.

Top reasons why you should choose Electrical Engineering?

1. Job opportunities

The famous companies all over the world are hiring young electrical engineers, give then good training with a great salary package. That’s why I think, this is one the most valued profession.

2. Bright job offers from abroad

Getting an electrical engineering degree, means you have a lot of job opportunities all around the world. A lot of technical firms are willing to hire people from other countries. Well! I must say, you will have a bright future ahead.

3. Other specialized fields

It may seem like doing an electrical engineering means you are just going to deal with electricity. But, the truth is, you will definitely have chances to learn about other specialization fields such as;

• Signal Processing.
• Power Engineering.
• Telecommunications.
• Microelectronics.
• Control Systems.
• Radio-Frequency Engineering.

4. Get chance to study top universities

Getting a degree from a well-known university has a strong impact on your future. Many companies also hire stud nets graduates from good universities. There are so many famous universities offering this degree bachelor as well as master throughout the world. These universities not only provide you high level engineering skills but also groom your personality. Let me enlist some top universities of 2021.

• University of Portsmouth; U.K.
• Chalmers University of Technology; Sweden
• University of Birmingham; U.K.
• University of Leeds; U.K.
• University of Colorado Denver; U.S.
• University of Twente (UT); Netherlands
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
• University of California; Berkeley.
• California Institute of Technology.
• Georgia Institute of Technology.
• Stanford University.
• University of California; Berkeley.
• California Institute of Technology.
• University of Illinois; Urbana, Champaign.
• Georgia Institute of Technology.
• University of Texas; Austin (Cockrell)
• Carnegie Mellon University.
• University of Michigan; Ann Arbor.
• Tsinghua University; China
• Harbin Institute of Technology; China
• Aalborg University; Denmark
• Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
• Southeast University; China
• National University of Singapore; Singapore
• University of Technology Sydney; Australia
• Zhejiang University; China
• University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; China
• Huazhong University of Science and Technology; China

Popular Electrical Engineers and their Contributions

There are so many great electrical engineers who contributed in this field. Let's discuss a few of them for your better understanding with electrical engineering.

Popular Electrical Engineers of all Times
No.	Name	Contributions
1	Otto A. Knopp	He is the founder of standard transformers testing as well as compensation winding.
2	A. K. Erlang	He worked on communication signals and queuing.
3	Alan Blumlein	He was one of the greatest electrical engineer invented telecommunications, radar system, stereo, television and sound recording.
4	Albert H. Taylor	Was the first engineers, demonstrated the radar.
5	Alec Reeves	He was the inventor of pulse coding & modulation.
6	Alfred Rosling Bennett	He discovered the electric lighting & telephones.
7	Alessandro Volta	He invented electrical battery.
8	André Blondel	He worked on oscillography and give electrical machine theory.
9	Andy Bechtolsheim	He has contribution in the invention of sun Microsystems
10	Arnold Orville Beckman	Discovered pH meter, Beckman Instruments and Silicon Valley.
11	Hugo Hirst	He was the co-founder of General Electric Company plc.
12	Bern Dibner	He is the founder of Burndy Co., electrical connectors,

I want to enlist some more famous electrical engineers.

Charles Frederick Burgess	William Duddell
Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton	Allen B. DuMont
John Renshaw Carson	J. Presper Eckert
James Kilton Clapp	Thomas Edison
Edith Clarke	Cyril Frank Elwell
Lynn Conway	Douglas Engelbart
Seymour Cray	Justus B. Entz
Sidney Darlington	Lloyd Espenschied
Lee de Forest	Federico Faggin
Jack Dennis	Michael Faraday

Popular books of Electrical Engineering

There are a vide variety of books about electrical engineering.  A good book about this field will better help you to understand it. Here are some book, I want to recommended.

• Automation and Robotics.
• Introduction to Electronic Engineering.
• Essential Engineering Mathematics.
• Introduction to Power Electronics.
• Electronic Measurements: Exercises and Assignments.
• Electrical Power.
• Control Engineering Problems with Solutions.
• Concepts in Electric Circuits.
• Nuclear Powered Generation of Electricity.
• Three Phase Electrical Circuit Analysis.
• Essential Electromagnetism: Solutions.
• Electromagnetism for Electronic Engineers.
• Advanced Topics in Electrodynamics.
• Fundamental Engineering Optimization Methods.
• Essential Electromagnetism.
• An Introduction to Nonlinearity in Control Systems.
• CMOS Integrated Circuit Simulation with LTspice.
• Electric Drive Dimensioning and Tuning.
• Essential Electrodynamics: Solutions.
• Introduction to Digital Signal and System Analysis.
• Thermal Modelling of Electric Machines.
• Essential Electrodynamics.

I hope this article helps you to better understand electrical engineering, its scope, fields, popular books and top electrical engineers & their contribution.

Arduino Library for Proteus V2.0

Update: Here's the latest version of this library: Arduino Library for Proteus V3.0

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Hi Guys! I welcome you on board. In this post today, I’ll share a new Arduino Library for Proteus V2.0. I have already shared its previous version i.e. Arduino Library for Proteus(V1.0).

I have tried to remove bugs in this newer version, but still, if you find any error, you can pop your comment in the below section. I’m thrilled to announce that it’s my second complete Arduino Library for Proteus. In my recent posts, I’ve shared separate libraries of these boards and today I am going to compile all the boards together in a single library. I have given the Proteus Library zip file download link below: This Arduino Proteus Library V2.0 includes the following boards:

• Arduino UNO
• Arduino Mega 1280
• Arduino Mega 2560
• Arduino Mini
• Arduino Pro Mini
• Arduino Nano

First, we will download the Proteus Library zip file and then add it to our Proteus software to simulate Arduino Boards. Let’s jump right in:

Arduino Library for Proteus V2.0

• First, you need to download the Arduino Library for Proteus V2.0 by clicking the below button:

Arduino Library for Proteus V2.0

• Once you downloaded the Proteus Library zip file, open it up and extract the files in it.
• Inside this zip file, you will find a folder named “Proteus Library Files”.
• In this folder, you’ll find the two Proteus Library files, named as:
  1. Arduino2TEP.LIB
  2. Arduino2TEP.IDX
• Copy these files and place them in the Library folder of Proteus Software.

 

• After placing these files in the library folder, open your Proteus software or restart(if it’s already open).
• Click the “Pick from Libraries” button as in the below figure:

• Now, look for the Arduino2TEP(Library Name) to find all Arduino boards present in it(6 in total).

• These boards will appear in the Proteus workspace as shown in the figure below:

• One board that is missing in these boards is Arduino Mega 1280. I didn’t include this board because it’s the same as Arduino Mega 2560.

Comparison with Old Proteus Library (V2.0 vs V1.0)

The following figure shows the comparison between version 1 Arduino boards (V1) and version 2 Arduino boards (V2).

• You can see in the above figure, V2 Arduino boards are more compact and small-sized as compared to V1 boards.

Let’s take the example of Arduino Nano V2 and interface it with LCD in the Proteus workspace.

Arduino Nano LCD Interfacing

• I’ll interface 20x4 LCD with the Arduino Nano.

• Design the circuit below to interface LCD with Arduino Nano:

• Pins 8,9,10 & 11 of Arduino Nano are connected to the data pins of LCD, while Enable & Reset of LCD are connected to Pins 12 & 13 of the Arduino board.
• Now, double-click the Arduino Nano board to get the HEX file.
• As you double-click the board, the following image will appear:

• In this panel, you can see the different properties of the Arduino Nano board. Click the property named “Program File” to upload the hex file of your Arduino code.
• Upload that HEX file in the Arduino Nano Properties panel.
• After making these arrangements, click the RUN button and if everything goes fine, you will get the result shown in the figure below:

Summary

• Download Arduino Proteus Library Files from the above link(zip file).
• Copy files available in the "Proteus Library Files"(Folder) and place them in the Library folder of Proteus software.
• Search for Arduino2TEP in Proteus software.
• Select Arduino Nano from the list and place it in the Proteus workspace.
• Open the Properties panel & upload the HEX File.
• Arduino boards are ready to simulate in Proteus.

That’s all for today. Hope you’ve enjoyed reading this article. If you have any questions, you can reach me in the section below. I’d love to help you the best way I can. Feel free to share your valuable feedback and suggestions around the content we share, so we keep coming back with quality content customized to your exact needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.

Arduino Pro Mini Library for Proteus V2.0

Hi Everyone! Glad to have you on board. In this post, we’ll cover the Arduino Pro Mini Library for Proteus V2.0. I have already discussed its previous version i.e. Arduino Pro Mini Proteus Library V(1.0). I keep getting bug reportings from our blog readers (for previous versions), so I have tried to remove these bugs in this newer version. But if you still find any bug/error, you can approach me in the section below. We have already shared many Proteus Libraries for Embedded sensors and these days we are trying to improve their versions. First, we will download this library in zip format and then will use it in our Proteus software to simulate Arduino Pro Mini. Before we go further, first we’ll detail what is Arduino Pro Mini.

What is Arduino Pro Mini?

• Introduced by Arduino.cc, Arduino Pro Mini is a compact, small-sized, sophisticated microcontroller board based on the Atmega328 microcontroller.

• This module features a total 14 digital I/O pins on the board, of which 6 pins are used as PWM.
• Incorporated with 8 analog pins, Arduino Pro Mini comes with a reset button and a small LED connected to pin 13.
• This unit is quite small compared to Arduino Uno i.e. 1/6^th of the size of Arduino Uno.

This was a brief insight into the Arduino Pro Mini V2. Let’s explain how to download the Arduino Pro Mini library and use it in your Proteus software. Let’s jump right in.

Arduino Pro Mini Library for Proteus V2.0

• First of all, download the Arduino Pro Mini Library for Proteus V2.0 by clicking the below button.

Arduino Pro Mini Library for Proteus V2.0

• You will get the downloaded file in zip format.
• Extract this zip file, in which you’ll find the folder named "Proteus Library Files".

Open this folder to get the further two files named:

• ArduinoProMini2TEP.dll
• ArduinoProMini2TEP.idx

Note:

• If you are facing problems in adding a library in Proteus 7 or 8 Professional, then have a look at How to add a new Library in Proteus 8 Professional.
• If you haven’t bought your Arduino Pro Mini yet, then you can buy it from this reliable source:

• Copy these files from “Proteus Library Files” and place them into the Library folder of your Proteus software.

• After placing the files in the library folder, open your Proteus software or restart (if it’s already running)
• Now look for the Arduino Pro Mini V2.0 by clicking the “Pick from Libraries” button as shown in the figure below:

• Select Arduino Pro Mini V2.0 and click OK.

• After clicking Ok, you’ll find the Arduino Pro Mini board in the proteus workspace as shown in the figure below:

• You’ve successfully placed the Arduino Pro Mini board in the proteus workspace.
• Next, we have to upload the hex file to run our board.

• To upload the hex file, you need to double-click the Arduino Pro Mini board.
• As you double click, the following image will appear:

• In this panel, you'll find the different properties of the Arduino Pro Mini board. Click the property named “Program File” to upload the hex file of your Arduino code.
• Upload the hex file of your code and click Ok.
• The 16MHz is the clock frequency of Arduino Pro Mini by default as shown in the properties panel.

Comparison with Old Proteus Library (V2.0 vs V1.0)

• In the figure below you'll see the comparison between version 1 Arduino Pro Mini Board (V1) and version 2 Arduino Pro Mini Board (V2).

• You can see in the above figure, V2 board is more compact and small-sized as compared to the V1 board.
• Now let's design a simulation of this Arduino Pro Mini board so that you can learn how to use it in proteus software.

Arduino Pro Mini LCD Interfacing

• Use the simulation that you’ve downloaded at the start or design on your own. I would suggest you to design on your own as it will help you learn many things along the process.
• Now, we have to interface a 20x4 LCD with the Arduino Pro Mini board.
• Design the circuit as shown below to interface the LCD with the Arduino Pro Mini:

• The data pins of the LCD are attached with pins 8,9,10 & 11 of Arduino Pro Mini while Enable & Reset of LCD are attached to Pin 12 & 13 of the Arduino board.
• Now compile the Arduino code available in the zip file and get the Hex File.

• Upload that Hex File in your Arduino Pro Mini Properties panel, as we did in the previous section.
• After interfacing LCD with the Arduino Pro Mini, click the RUN button and if everything goes fine, you will see the result as shown in below figure:

Summary

• Download Arduino Pro Mini Library Files in zip format.
• Copy files from the "Proteus Library Files"(Folder) and place them in the Library folder of Proteus software.
• Search for Arduino Pro Mini in Proteus software.
• Place Arduino Pro Mini in the Proteus workspace.
• Double click the board and open the properties panel to upload the HEX File.
• Design the circuit & run the simulation.

That’s all for today. Hope you’ve enjoyed reading this article. If you’re unsure or have any questions, you can approach me in the comment section below. I’d love to help you the best way I can. Feel free to share your valuable feedback and suggestions around the content we share. They help us create quality content tailored to your exact needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.

Arduino Mega 1280 Library for Proteus V2.0

Hi Everyone! Glad to have you on board. Today, I am going to share a new version of Arduino Mega 1280 Library for Proteus V2.0. I have already shared its previous version i.e. Arduino Mega 1280 Proteus LibraryV(1.0). I have recevied many bug reportings from engineering students(for previous version), so I have tried to improve its performance in this newer version, but still if you find any bug/error, use the comments section. We have already shared numerous Proteus Libraries of Embedded sensors and these days, we are in the the process of upgrading their versions. First, we will download Proteus library zip file and then will add it in our Proteus software to simulate Arduino Mega 1280. Before moving further, first we’ll learn what is Arduino Mega 1280?

What is Arduino Mega 1280?

• Arduino Mega 1280 is a compact and sophisticated microcontroller board based on the Atmega1280 microcontroller.
• This module incorporates total 54 digital I/O pins on the board, of which 14 could be used for PWM.
• Featured with 16 analog pins, Arduino Mega 1280 comes with 4 UART serial ports, ICSP header, power jack, and reset button.
• Moreover, it contains a crystal oscillator of frequency 16MHz and a USB connection for transferring the code from the computer to the module.

This was the little intro about Arduino Mega 1280 V2. Let’s explain how to download the Arduino Mega 1280 library and use it in your Proteus software. Let’s jump right in.

Arduino Mega 1280 Library for Proteus V2.0

First, you need to download the Arduino Mega 1280 library for Proteus V2.0 by clicking the below button: Arduino Mega 1280 Library for Proteus V2.0

• You will receive the downloaded file in zip format.
• Extract this zip file and get the folder named "Proteus Library Files".

Open this folder to find further two files named:

• ArduinoMega12802TEP.dll
• ArduinoMega12802TEP.idx

Copy these files and place them into the Library folder of your Proteus software. Note:

• If you are facing problems in adding a library in Proteus 7 or 8 Professional, then have a look at How to add new Library in Proteus 8 Professional.
• If you haven’t bought your Arduino Mega 1280 yet, then you can buy it from this reliable source:

• After placing the files in the library folder, open your Proteus software and if it’s already running… restart.

• Now look for the Arduino Mega 1280 V2.0 by clicking the “Pick from Libraries” button as mentioned in the figure below:

• Select Arduino Mega 1280 V2.0 and click OK.

• As you click OK, you’ll see the Arduino Mega 1280 board in the proteus workspace as shown in the figure below:

• The clock frequency of the Arduino board is 16MHz by default as shown in the properties panel.
• Next, we need to upload the hex file to run our board.

• To upload the hex file, you need to double-click the Arduino Mega 1280 board.
• As you double click, it will show the following image:

• In this panel, you can see the different properties of the Arduino Mega 1280 board. Click the property named “Program File” to upload the hex file of your Arduino code.
• Upload the hex file of your code and click Ok.
• Now let's design a simulation of this Arduino Mega 1280 board so that you can learn how to use it in proteus software.

Comparison with Old Proteus Library (V2.0 vs V1.0)

• The below image presents the comparison between version 1 Arduino Mega 1280 Board (V1) and version 2 Arduino Mega 1280 Board (V2).

• You can see in the above figure, V2 Arduino Mega 1280 board is more compact and small-sized as compared to the V1 Arduino Mega 1280 board.

Arduino Mega 1280 LCD Interfacing

• You can either use our simulation file that you’ve downloaded at the start or you can design your own. I would suggest you design your own, as you’ll learn many things along the process.
• Now, I will interface a 20x4 LCD with the Arduino Mega 1280 board.
• To interface this LCD, design the circuit as shown below:

• Pins 8,9,10 & 11 of Arduino Mega 1280 are attached with the data pins of LCD, while Enable & Reset of LCD are connected to Pin 12 & 13 of Arduino board.
• Now compile the Arduino code present in the zip file and get the Hex File.

• Upload that Hex File in your Arduino Mega 1280 Properties panel, as we’ve practiced in the previous section.
• After setting this arrangement, click the RUN button and if everything goes fine, you will get results as shown in below figure:

Summary

• Download Arduino Mega 1280 Library Files in zip format.
• Copy files available in the "Proteus Library Files"(Folder) and place them in the Library folder of Proteus software.
• Search for Arduino Mega 1280 in Proteus software.
• Place this board in the workspace.
• Open Properties panel & upload the HEX File.
• Interface Arduino board with LCD & run the simulation.

That’s all for today. Hope you’ve enjoyed reading this article. Feel free to share your valuable feedback and suggestions around the content we share. They help us create quality content tailored to your exact needs and requirements. If you have any questions, you can pop your comment in the section below. I’d love to assist you the best way I can. Thank you for reading the article.

What is Mathematics? Definition, Branches, Books and Mathematicians

Hello Friends! I hope you're having a great time reading my articles. Today, we are going to learn about a very comprehensive topic What is Mathematics? Do you have an interest in math? Great! This tutorial will surely help you to know about Mathematics definition, branches of Mathematics, the importance of mathematics in our life, famous books of mathematics and popular mathematicians & their discoveries. The role of math's in our daily life is like a building block (essential), involves in our every regular activities. i.e. engineering, mobile devices, businesses etc. Even math is there during our sports time, if you ever noticed. Let's take the example of our body where protein (amino-acid) is the building block. Without protein, our body can't exist. Similarly, math plays the same role in every field of science. For instance, without math, engineers can't build great buildings and scientists can't develop advance machines. So, think about it for a second! Let's move on & further discuss what is mathematics?

What is Mathematics?

Do you want to know why the need for mathematics arose? Math actually came because of the need of society. In ancient times, math was not that complex. The tribes use maths only for counting. With time they also start relying on math to calculate sun position. As you know, our needs have become more complex, thus math also becoming complex day by day.

Mathematics Definition

• Mathematics is the branch of science, which deals with numbers, involves calculations and mainly focuses on the study of quantity, shapes, measurements etc.
• The greatest mathematician Benjamin Peirce defined math as “the science that draws the necessary conclusion”.
• In more simple words, math is the science, deals with structures, numbers, geometry etc.

Why study mathematics?

In past, the study of math was very limited. And only 3 fundamental branches of mathematics were discovered. These were geometry, algebra and number theory. But in the modern age, several other branches have been discovered by mathematicians based on the main branches. We will discuss these branches later in this article. Here the point is that now mathematics has become a very vast and most discuss field of science. Now, mathematics got the title of “queen of science”. Math became now an inseparable part in our everyday life tasks. Finally, let me conclude that mathematics is a vital tool in every field of science throughout the world. Such as:

• Natural science.
• Engineering.
• Medicine.
• Social sciences.

Importance of Mathematics

Let's see why mathematics is important for us. I will discuss some common examples of everyday routine. I must say, our day starts with math.

• During cooking food in the kitchen, we are able to measure every ingredient, just because of math.
• Going on shopping & paying cash involves mathematics.
• The hobbies like arts, gardening & playing, all need mathematics.
• Texting on phones & faxing also require math

Branches of mathematics

Just like other fields of science, mathematics is also divided into the following branches. So, let us discuss them briefly.

1. Arithmetic

This is most oldest and fundamental branch of math. This branch deals with the basic operation & number. The basic operations are subtraction, addition, multiplication and division.

2. Algebra

Algebra is the type of arithmetic. Here, we find the value of unknown quantities, such as X,Y and Z. we usually used English alphabets (variables) as unknown numbers. Several formulas uses to solve the equations to calculate the unknown value. You must have solved algebra questions in high school education.

3. Geometry

The next branch we will discuss is geometry, the most practical branch considered. It deals with the construction of figures, shapes and their properties. The basics of geometry are points, lines, surfaces, angles and solids.  In geometry, we used many mathematics tools such as scale & protector.

4. Trigonometry

Trigonometry is derived from Greek words trigon means triangle and metron refer to measurement. So, it is clear from the name that is the study of triangle sides and angles. You will get to learn this branch in higher education.

5. Analysis

This is a little complex branch of mathematics. It deals with the study of rate of change with respect to specific quantities. The base of analysis is Calculus.

6. Statistics

The statistic is the branch, deals with the collection of huge data, organize it and further analyze to get final results. Such as the population of any country estimated through this branch.

Applications of Mathematics

• Forecasting the Weather. Mathematics helps in predicting one of the most difficult task on earth.
• Reading of CDs and DVDs.
• MRI & Tomography.
• Use in Internet and Phones.
• Analysis of Epidemics.
• The estimation of glacier melting.
• Maps of the Earth.
• Cryptography.

Popular Mathematicians

The role of greatest mathematicians in our life is remarkable. These are the mathematicians who made it possible to transfer electricity to the distance of thousands of kilometer enhance the computer technology, helps to reveal the DNA structure and still helping the scientist to explore the universe deeply. Let's get to know the contributions of these great mathematicians.

The Greatest Mathematicians of all Times
No.	Mathematicians	Contributions
1	Srinivasa Ramanujan	He was one of the greatest mathematicians died at early age of 32. He calculated Euler–Mascheroni constant at the age of 16. He identified more than 4000 math identities.
2	Joseph-Louis Lagrange	He was known for his discoveries i.e. the number theory, Lagrangian mechanics and Celestial Mechanics. He also had remarkable contribution in the formation of Euler–Lagrange equation. Moreover, he is famous for his invention in analytical mechanics, helped the researchers to develop mathematical physics branch.
3	Andrew Wiles	He is a famous British mathematician, won Wolf Prize in 1995 and Abel Prize recently in 2016.He is popular for the formulating the Fermat’s Last Theorem. That was one of the complex problems in mathematics.
4	Alan Turing	He was known for his contribution such as Turing’s proof and Cryptanalysis of the Enigma. He won the Smith’s Prize in 1936.In second world war, his contribution was outstanding. It was him, whose cryptanalytic abilities improved the bombe and developed a faster decoding Enigma machine.
5	G.F. Bernhard Riemann	He is famous for his Fourier series and Riemann integral series. He worked on  differential geometry, invent his own theory on higher dimensions. His contributions, known for Riemannian geometry. He was the founder of the Riemann mapping theorem.
6	David Hilbert	He was famous for his Hilbert’s problems and proof theory. He was the greatest mathematician, developed instruments in the field on commutative algebra. He had also contributed in the field of calculus (variations) & mathematical physics. He also worked in the field of physics.
7	Bernoulli Family	Bernoulli family had a special respect in mathematics. Johann and Jacob from Bernoulli family, were the first mathematician worked for calculus and invented Bernoulli numbers & Brachistochrone curve.
8	Issac Newton	He was known for his Newton’s laws of motion as well as Newtonian mechanics & Calculus. He was considered as the father of mechanics. His thought and discoveries about gravitation force are accepted universally.  He was the founder of Einstein’s theory of relativity.
9	Pythagoras	He invented Pythagorean theorem as well the founder of Theory of Proportions. The Pythagoras theorem was named after him.
10	Carl Friedrich Gauss	He  won the Lalande Prize in 1809 and Copley Medal 1838.He was one of the most influential mathematicians in the ancient Greek. He worked for many mathematicians branches as well in physics. He has ability to solve arithmetic problems faster than anyone. Some of his inventions are Gauss’ Law & Theorema Egregium. He also estimated the non-Euclidean geometry.

List of popular Mathematicians

There are names of many other great mathematicians, I am goin to enlist here.

• Plato.
• Euclid.
• Eratosthenes.
• Hipparchus.
• Hypatia.
• Girolamo Cardano.
• Leonhard Euler.
• Carl Friedrich Gauss.
• Georg Cantor.
• Paul Erdös.
• John Horton Conway.
• Grigori Perelman.
• David Harold Blackwell.
• Jesse Ernest Wilkins.
• M. Euphemia Lofton Haynes.
• Joseph James Dennis.
• Wade Ellis.
• Clarence F. Stephens.
• Evelyn Boyd Granville.
• Marjorie Lee Browne.
• Georgia Caldwell Smith.
• Gloria Conyers Hewitt.
• Mary Rodriguez.
• Thyrsa Frazier Svager.
• Vivienne Malone-Mayes.
• Shirley Mathis McBay.
• Eleanor Green Dawley Jones.
• Geraldine Claudette Darden.
• Annie Marie Watkins Garraway.

Popular Mathematics Books

Reading good books can open your mind to accept new light. There are so many math's good books available out there. Let's discuss must read mathematics books.

1. The Art of Statistics

This book is a comprehensive study about the stat tools. This book guide you how to use statistics formulas and tools properly. It also reveled the areas of study where stat can be used. I have read this book, and found it very useful to understand statists problems.

2. Do Dice Play God?

I really found this book rewarding, tells us about the basics of quantum mechanics. The author explains the complex problems of quantum theory deeply, even I have never read so deep guidance in other popular science books. Ian Stewart has already written so many math books. But this one is the must read math book.

3. Humble Pi

This is the most interesting book i ever read. Actually the author is the comedian, and he wrote math problems in a very funny way to attract the readers. But on a serious note, this book also solve many issues you will commonly found in math. So this is my third favorite math book.

The list is going on. As there are countless valuable mathematics books published. I couldn't stop

myself from only suggesting three books. So, let's get the name of few more popular books of mathematics.

List of top mathematics books highly recommended

• Encyclopedia of Mathematics. By James Stuart Tanton.
• The four pillar of Geometry. By John Stillwell.
• The Maths of Life and Death.
• A Mathematical Introduction to Logic, Second Edition by Herbert Enderton.
• Calculus made easy by Silvanus P. Thompson.
• Introductory Statistics by Neil A. Weiss.
• Introduction to Algorithms, Third Edition by Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson and Ronald L. Rivest
• Categories for the Working Mathematician by Saunders Mac Lane.
• Principles of Mathematical Analysis, Third Edition by Walter Rudin.
• The Calculus Lifesaver: All the Tools You Need to Excel at Calculus by Adrian Banner
• Linear algebra done right by Sheldon Axler.
• Elementary number theory by Gareth A. Jones and Josephine M. Jones.
• Introduction to Topology and Modern Analysis by George F. Simmons.
• Abstract Algebra by David S. Dummit and Richard M. Foote.
• Basic Mathematics by Serge Lang.

I hope this article will help to get better understating of mathematics, its branches, popular books and mathematicians.

Arduino Mega 2560 Library for Proteus V2.0

Hi Guys! Happy to see you around. In this post today, I’ll detail the new version of Arduino Mega 2560 Library for Proteus V2.0. I have already detailed the Arduino Mega 2560 Library for Proteus that is the previous version of the Arduino Mega 2560 board. This new version of Arduino Mega 2560 is more efficient, robust, fast, powerful, and small in size. I keep getting messages requesting to design the library for the new version of Arduino Boards. So, today I’m willing to comply with your requests and have designed this library for the new version of Arduino Mega 2560. I have previously discussed the Arduino UNO Library for Proteus V2.0 and Arduino Mini Library for Proteus V2.0 In this tutorial, we will simulate Arduino Mega 2560 in Proteus. Initially, we will download this library in zip format and then will use it in our Proteus software to simulate Arduino Mega 2560. Before we read further, let’s go through what is Arduino Mega 2560?

What is Arduino Mega 2560?

• The Arduino Mega 2560 is a robust, powerful, application-type microcontroller board based on the Atmega2560 microcontroller.
• There are total 54 digital I/O pins incorporated on the board, including 15 pins for PWM.

• There are 16 analog pins available on the board. Moreover, the board contains a USB port to transfer the code from the computer to the module, and a DC power jack is included on the board to power up the module.

This was the little intro to Arduino Mega 2560. Let’s discuss how to download the Arduino Mega 2560 library and use it in your Proteus software. Let’s get started.

Arduino Mega 2560 Library for Proteus V2.0

First of all, download the Arduino Mega 2560 library for Proteus V2.0 by clicking the link below. Arduino Mega 2560 Library for Proteus V2.0 You will get the downloaded file in zip format.

• Extract this zip file where you’ll find the folder named "Proteus Library Files".

When you open this folder, you will find two files named:

• ArduinoMega25602TEP.dll
• ArduinoMega25602TEP.idx

Note:

• If you are facing problems in adding a library in Proteus 7 or 8 Professional, then you should read How to add new Library in Proteus 8 Professional.
• If you haven’t bought your Arduino Mega 2560 yet, then you can buy it from this reliable source:

• If you want to go through its technical specifications, features and pinout then you better have a look at Introduction to Arduino Mega 2560.

Now copy these files and place them in the libraries folder of your Proteus software.

• After placing the library files, open your Proteus software or restart (if it's already open).
• Now search for the Arduino Mega 2560 V2.0 by clicking the “Pick from Libraries” button as shown in the below figure.

• Select Arduino Mega 2560 V2.0 and click OK.

• Place Arduino Mega 2560 board in the Proteus workspace and it will appear as shown in the below figure.

• You’ve successfully placed the Arduino Mega 2560 V2.0 board in the proteus workspace.
• Now, we need to upload the hex file to simulate our board.

• To upload the hex file, double-click the Arduino Mega 2560 board.
• As you double click, it will return the following image.

In this panel, you can see the different properties of the Mega 2560 board. We have to click the property named “Program File” to upload the hex file of your Arduino code.

• Click this read detailing how to get hex file from Arduino software, if you don’t know already.
• Upload the hex file of your code and click Ok.
• The clock frequency of the Arduino board is 16MHz by default as shown in the properties panel.

Now let's design a simulation using this Arduino Mega 2560 board so that you get a clear insight on how to use it in proteus.

Comparison with Old Proteus Library (V2.0 vs V1.0)

• The following figure shows the comparison between version 1 Arduino Mega 2560 Board (V1) and version 2 Arduino Mega 2560 Board (V2).

• You can see in the above figure, V2 Arduino Mega 2560 board is more compact and small-sized as compared to the V1 Arduino Mega 2560 board.

Arduino Mega 2560 LCD Interfacing

• The Arduino Code and its simulation file have been added in the zip format that you have downloaded at the start.
• Use that simulation but the best way is to design your own simulation that will assist you to learn better along the process.
• Next, Arduino Mega 2560 Board is interfaced with a 20x4 LCD.
• Design the circuit given below to interface LCD with the Arduino Mega 2560 board:

• Data pins of LCD are connected with 8,9,10 & 11 pins of Arduino Mega 2560, while Pins 12 & 13 of Arduino board are connected to Enable & Reset of LCD.
• To upload the code, compile the Arduino code available in the zip format and get the Hex file.

• You will use Arduino Mega 2560 properties panel to upload the hex file as we excercised in the previous section.
• You have successfully interfaced LCD with the Arduino Mega 2560 board, now press the RUN button to get the result shown in the below figure:

Summary

• First, you need to download the Arduino Mega 2560 Library Files.
• Next, copy these files from “Proteus Library Files”(Folder) to the Library folder of Proteus software.
• Now, look for the Arduino Mega 2560 in Proteus software.
• Place that Arduino Mega 2560 board in the proteus workspace.
• Next, double click the board that will return the properties panel and upload the HEX File.
• Design your circuit & run the simulation.

That’s all for today. Hope you’ve enjoyed reading this article. If you’re unsure or have any questions, you can pop your comment in the section below. I’m willing to help you the best way I can. Feel free to share your valuable feedback and suggestions around the content we share. They help us create quality content tailored to your exact needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.

Arduino Nano Library for Proteus V2.0

Update: Here's the latest version of this library: Arduino Nano Library for Proteus(V3.0).

---

Hi Friends! Happy to see you around. In this post today, I’ll explain the Arduino NANO Library for Proteus V2.0. This library is the advanced version of Arduino Nano Library for Proteus(V1.0). The new version of the Arduino Nano board is more compact, robust, small-sized, and powerful compared to its predecessor. I have already shared the Arduino Uno Library for Proteus V2.0 and Arduino Mini Library for Proteus V2.0.

I’ve started designing proteus libraries for new versions of Arduino boards as I’ve received a lot of messages requesting to improve the designs. Stay connected, as I’ll design more proteus libraries for Arduino boards in the coming days. In this tutorial, we’ll simulate the Arduino Nano Library in Proteus. First, we’ll download this library and then will use it in our Proteus software to simulate Arduino Nano. Before we read further, let’s have a look at what is Arduino Nano.

What is Arduino Nano?

• Developed by Arduino.cc, Arduino Nano is a small, flexible, powerful and breadboard-friendly Microcontroller board, based on ATmega328p/Atmega168.

• In terms of functionality, it is similar to Arduino Uno but compared to it comes in a small size.
• The Arduino Nano module carries 14 digital I/O pins, 8 analog pins, 2 reset pins & 6 power pins.
• The crystal oscillator frequency of this board is 16MHz and it comes with a mini USB port that is mainly used to transfer code from the computer to the module.

This was a little insight into Arduino Nano. Now we’ll make its Proteus simulation. Let’s get started.

Arduino Nano Library for Proteus V2.0

• First of all, you need to download the Arduino Nano Library for Proteus V2.0 by clicking the below button:

Arduino Nano Library for Proteus V2.0

• You will receive the downloaded file in zip format.

When you extract this zip file, it will return a folder named "Proteus Library Files", inside this folder you will get two files named:

• ArduinoNano2TEP.dll
• ArduinoNano2TEP.idx

Note:

• If you are facing problems with adding a library in Proteus 7 or 8 Professional, then have a look at How to add new Library in Proteus 8 Professional.
• If you haven’t bought your Arduino Nano yet, then you can buy it from this reliable source:

• Copy these files and place them in the Library folder of your Proteus software.

• After placing these library files into the library folder, open your Proteus software or restart it (if it's already open).

• Now look for the Arduino Nano V2.0 by clicking the “Pick from Libraries” button, as you can see in the below figure:

• Select Arduino Nano V2.0 from the list and click OK.

• When you place the Arduino Nano board in the Proteus workspace, you’ll get the result as shown in the below figure:

• The Arduino Nano V2.0 board has been successfully placed in the proteus workspace.
• Now, you have to upload the hex file in order to simulate the Arduino board.
• Double-click the Arduino Nano board to upload the hex file.
• The following image will appear as you double-click the board:

• You can see the different properties of the Nano board in this panel.
• You need to click the property named “Upload Hex File” to upload the hex file of your Arduino code.
• Upload the hex file of your code and click OK.
• You can see from the panel that the clock frequency of the Arduino board is 16MHz by default.

Comparison with Old Proteus Library (V2.0 vs V1.0)

• The following figure shows the comparison between version 1 Arduino Nano Board (V1) and version 2 Arduino Nano Board (V2).

• You can see in the above figure, the V2 board is more compact and small as compared to the V1 board.
• Now we’ll design a simulation using this Arduino Nano board so that you can get a clear idea about how to use it in proteus.

Arduino Nano LCD Interfacing

• The simulation that you have downloaded at the start is enough to get you started. However, it’s better to design your own simulation that will help you learn the nitty-gritty of simulation along the process.
• Next, we’ll interface 20x4 LCD with the Arduino board.
• You’ll get the following circuit as you interface LCD with the Arduino Nano board:

• Data pins of LCD are attached with 8,9,10 & 11 pins of Arduino Nano, while 12 & 13 Pins of Arduino board are attached to Enable and reset of LCD.

• Next, compile the Arduino code available in the zip format and get the Hex file to upload the code.
• You’ll use the Arduino Nano properties panel to upload the hex file as we’ve exercised in the previous section.
• LCD has been successfully interfaced with the Arduino Nano board.
• Now click the RUN button to see the following result:

Summary

• First of all, you have to download the Arduino Nano Library Files.
• Next, copy these files from the “Proteus Library Files” (Folder) and place them in the Library folder of Proteus software.
• Now, look for the Arduino Nano in Proteus software.
• Place that Arduino Nano board in the proteus workspace.
• Next, double-click the board to get the properties panel and upload the HEX File.
• Interface LCD with the Arduino board & run the simulation.

That’s all for today. Hope you’ve enjoyed reading this article. If you have any questions, you can approach me in the section below. I’d love to assist you in the best way I can. Feel free to share your valuable feedback and suggestions about the content we share. They help us produce quality content customized to your needs and requirements. Thank you for reading the article.