Departments:
  1. Electronics Engineering
  2. Mechatronics Engineering
Components:
  1. 555 Timer
  2. LEDs
  3. Resistor
Softwares:
  1. Proteus
Pulse Width Modulator, 555 timer, pulse width modulator with 555 timer, application of 555 timer
Hello Engineers! Welcome to the board. We hope you are having a good day. In this tutorial, we teach you about Pulse Width Modulation. We'll discuss some important points about the topic. Let's have a look at the Topics of the tutorial:
  1. What is Pulse Width Modulation?
  2. What is 555 Timer?
  3. how does 555 Timer is used in the Pulse Width modulation circuit?
  4. How do we design the circuit of Pulse Width Modulation in Proteus ISIS?
In addition, you will have some useful information bout Pulse Width Modulator in DID YOU KNOW section.
Where To Buy?
No.ComponentsDistributorLink To Buy
1555 TimerAmazonBuy Now
2LEDsAmazonBuy Now
3ResistorAmazonBuy Now

Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse width Modulation is a useful technique in the world of Modern Electronics. Let's have a look at the information about Pulse Width Modulation.

Abbreviation of Pulse Width Modulation

The Abbreviation of the Pulse Width Modulation technique is PWM.

Definition of Pulse Width Modulation

We define the pulse Width Modulation as:
"The Pulse Width Modulation is the technique  in the electronics to control the power given to the analogue devices through which the average power delivered by the electrical signal is reduced due to division of the signals into discrete parts."
The Pulse Width Modulation is important to the inertial load devices such as motors because in these devices the change is slow due to their inertial ability and the Pulse Width Modulator has enough time to control the device.

Example of PWM

We know that in the bulb that we use in our daily life, the AC Power changes its direction from positive to negative cycle and vise versa. The frequency through which the cycle change decides the brightness of the bulb. Consider the example of the circuit in which the LED is connected to the power. The Power connection lightens the LED. When the switch between the power source and the bulb is close, the power is transmitted to the bulb and the brightness is observed.
Pulse Width Modulator, 555 timer, pulse width modulator with 555 timer, application of 555 timer
The opening and the closing of the switch can be controlled through the Pulse Width Modulation. The more is the duty cycle of the Pulse width, the more rapidly it opens and closes the switch and hence the brightness of the bulb is more and vise versa. hence we can conclude that by controlling the pulse width we are controlling the opening and closing of the switch and through which we are controlling the brightness of the bulb.  

DID YOU KNOW????????????

"The Pulse Width Modulation technique is also called as the Pulse Duration Modulation or PDM. It is because this technique works with the duration of the cycle of the circuit. "

555 Timer in Pulse Width Modulation

Prior to start the work of 555 Timer in Pulse Width Modulator, we must clear some important concepts about the 555 Timer device. Let's have a glance on the points.

Definition of 555 Timer

The 555 Timer was termed as the SE NE555 Timers. Another Type of the 555 Timer is SE555 Timer. These were first invented by "Signetic Corporation" . We define the 555 Timer as:
"The 555 Timer is an 8 pin Integrated Circuit that generates accurate timing pulse. The designing of the 555 timer is done by collectively arranging the electrical and electronic components such as resistors, transistors, diodes and Flip Flops."
Pulse Width Modulator, 555 timer, pulse width modulator with 555 timer, application of 555 timer
These are monolithic Timing circuits that are designed to provide stable time delay and oscillations. These are highly reliable and low in cost.

Pin out of 555 Timer

There are 8 pins of 555 Timer and each pin has its own function and operation. For the best concept, we have designed a table for each pin given below:
Pin Number Pin Name Description
1 Ground This pin is labeled as GND and used to supply the 0 voltage.
2 Trigger When the Time interval starts, the output remains low when this pin is high and vise versa.
3 Output This is the output pin.
4 Reset This pin overrides the Trigger pin and that overrides the Threshold. It is connected with Vcc if not used.
5 Control It controls the Pulse Width and the level of threshold and Trigger.
6 Threshold Hen the voltage is applied at this pin, it acts in the contrast to the voltage.
7 Discharge This pin is an open-collector output. During the intervals, this pin is used to discharge the capacitor.
8 Supply This is the power supply pin. The input of power is taken against the Ground pin.

DID YOU KNWO???????????

"We use the counter instrument in the Proteus to count the Pulse Width Modulation of the circuit using 555 Timer."

Implementation of PWM using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

To implement the Pulse Width Modulation using 555 Timer, we are using the simulation in Proteus ISIS. To Implement the 555 Timer PWM  just follow the simple steps given next:
  • Fire up your Proteus Software.
  • Choose the following components:
  1. 555 Timer
  2. 1N4148 Diode
  3. 3005P-1-502 Variable Resistor
  4. DC Power Supply
  5. Resistor
  6. Counter
  7. Oscilloscope
  • Fix first five components from the "Pick Library" at the working area.
  • Change the values of Resistor, Capacitors and variable Resistors according to the table given below:
    Component Values
    Resistor 1k ohm
    Variable Resistor 50k ohm
    Capacitor 1 10nf
    Capacitor? 1uF
    DC Power source 10V
     
  • Go to Terminal mode>Ground and set it at the end of the circuit.
  • Connect the components through the connecting wires according to the image given next:
Pulse Width Modulator, 555 timer, pulse width modulator with 555 timer, application of 555 timer
  • To get the counting of the output, go to virtual Instrument Mode and choose the counter.
  • Go to Virtual instrument Mode and select the Oscilloscope.
  • Connect the counter with any terminal of the Oscilloscope.
  • Join both the instruments with pin 3 of 555 Timer.
Pulse Width Modulator, 555 timer, pulse width modulator with 555 timer, application of 555 timer
  • Pop the play button and simulate the circuit.
  • Change the values of voltages and the frequency according to need.
  • We observe that the Oscilloscope shows us the width as:
Pulse Width Modulator, 555 timer, pulse width modulator with 555 timer, application of 555 timer
Thus, Today we saw what is the pule Width Modulation, learned some important concepts about the 555 Timer, got some important concepts about Pulse Width Modulation using the 555 Timer and saw the simulation by the mean of Proteus ISIS. If you found it useful, give us your important feedback in the comment section.